目的:了解黄芪对感染柯萨奇病毒心肌细胞 L 型钙通道的影响,以探讨黄芪用于心肌炎治疗的作用机制。方法:以柯萨奇 B_3病毒感染急性分离的成年大鼠心肌细胞,利用膜片钳技术记录 L 型钙通道电流。结果:黄芪不影响正常心肌细胞 L 型钙通道...目的:了解黄芪对感染柯萨奇病毒心肌细胞 L 型钙通道的影响,以探讨黄芪用于心肌炎治疗的作用机制。方法:以柯萨奇 B_3病毒感染急性分离的成年大鼠心肌细胞,利用膜片钳技术记录 L 型钙通道电流。结果:黄芪不影响正常心肌细胞 L 型钙通道电流的幅度,但可减缓 L 型钙通道电流的衰减。病毒感染增加心肌细胞 L 型钙通道电流的幅度,并改变其电压依赖性而使电流电压曲线向左下偏移。黄芪可抑制病毒感染细胞 L 型钙通道电流的增加。结论:黄芪通过抑制感染细胞经 L 型钙通道的跨膜钙内流和稳定 L 型钙通道的作用,可防止病毒感染可能导致的细胞内钙超载和异常电活动。展开更多
Background Recent studies have revealed that pretreatment with statin is effective in preventing arrhythmia, but its electrophysiological mechanism is unclear. This study was conducted to investigate the cardioprotect...Background Recent studies have revealed that pretreatment with statin is effective in preventing arrhythmia, but its electrophysiological mechanism is unclear. This study was conducted to investigate the cardioprotective effects of simvastatin on reversing electrical remodeling in left ventricular myocytes of rabbit heart undergoing ischemia-reperfusion, so as to explore the ionic mechanism responsible for the anti-arrhythmic effect of statin. Methods Forty-five rabbits were randomly divided into three groups： ischemic-reperfusion group （I-R）, simvastatin intervention group （Statin） and sham-operated control group （CON）. Anesthetized rabbits were subjected to 30-minute ischemia by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery and a 60-minute reperfusion after a 3-day administration of oral simvastatin of 5 mg-kg^-1.d^-1 in the Statin group or a placebo in the I-R group. Single ventricular myocytes were isolated enzymatically from the epicardial zone of the infracted region dedved from the hearts in the I-R and Statin group and the same anatomical region in the CON animals. The whole cell patch-clamp technique was used to record membrane ionic currents, including sodium current （IRa）, L-type calcium current （Ica-L） and transient outward potassium current （Ito）. Simultaneously, the level of serum cholesterol was examined. Results There was no significant difference in the serum cholesterol concentration among the three groups. The peak IRa current density （at -30 mV） was significantly decreased in I-R （（22.46±5.32） pA/pF, n=12） compared with CON （（42.78±5.48） pA/pF, n=16, P〈0.01） and Statin （（40.66±5.89） pA/pF, n=15, P〈0.01）, while the peak IRa current density in the Statin group was not different from CON （P〉0.05）. The peak ICa-L current density （at 0 mV） was significantly increased in I-R （（4.34±0.92） pA/pF, n=15） compared with CON （（3.13±1.22） pA/pF, n=13, P〈0.05） and Statin （（3.46±0.85） pNpF, n=16, P〈0展开更多
Objective To elucidate the inhibitory effects of recombinant Chinese scorpion neurotoxin BmK IM on seizures induced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) and the possible mechanism. Methods After purifying recombinant BmK IM fro...Objective To elucidate the inhibitory effects of recombinant Chinese scorpion neurotoxin BmK IM on seizures induced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) and the possible mechanism. Methods After purifying recombinant BmK IM from an E. coli cell line, its toxicity (both LD 50 and minimum lethal dose) on rats was determined. BmK IM was then microinjected into the CA3 region of the right hippocampus and its ability to inhibit the effects of an intraperitoneal injection of PTZ was assessed. The effects of BmK IM on the electrophysiological properties of isolated CA3 pyramidal neurons were then studied using whole-cell patch clamp techniques. Results BmK IM can significantly prolong the latent period of epileptic seizures, decrease the degree of seizures, and decrease the frequency of epileptiform discharges induced by PTZ. At the same time, 24h after injection of BmK IM into the hippocampal tissue, BmK IM significantly reduces the concentration of the neurotransmitter glutamate and alleviates PTZ-induced lesions in the hippocampus. Whole-cell patch clamp recordings indicate that BmK IM inhibits I Na of rat hippocampal neurons in a dose-dependent manner. BmK IM significantly shifts the activation curve of I Na in a positive direction, indicating that BmK IM enhances the threshold potential of I Na. Conclusions BmK IM has significant anti-epileptic properties, and may prove useful as a drug in the therapy of epilepsy. The inhibitory effects of BmK IM on seizures caused by pentylenetetrazol might depend on reductions in the release of presynaptic glutamate via the blocking of Na + channels.展开更多
Neuronal ion channels of different types often do not function independently but will inhibit or potentiate the activity of other types of channels,a process called cross-talk.The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA r...Neuronal ion channels of different types often do not function independently but will inhibit or potentiate the activity of other types of channels,a process called cross-talk.The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA receptor) and the γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABAA receptor) are important excitatory and inhibitory receptors in the central nervous system,respectively.Currently,cross-talk between the NMDA receptor and the GABAA receptor,particularly in the central auditory system,is not well understood.In the present study,we investigated functional interactions between the NMDA receptor and the GABAA receptor using whole-cell patch-clamp techniques in cultured neurons from the inferior colliculus,which is an important nucleus in the central auditory system.We found that the currents induced by aspartate at 100 μmol L-1 were suppressed by the pre-perfusion of GABA at 100 μmol L-1,indicating cross-inhibition of NMDA receptors by activation of GABAA receptors.Moreover,we found that the currents induced by GABA at 100 μmol L-1 (IGABA) were not suppressed by the pre-perfusion of 100 μmol L-1 aspartate,but those induced by GABA at 3 μmol L-1 were suppressed,indicating concentration-dependent cross-inhibition of GABAA receptors by activation of NMDA receptors.In addition,inhibition of IGABA by aspartate was not affected by blockade of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels with CdCl2 in a solution that contained Ca2+,however,CdCl2 effectively attenuated the inhibition of IGABA by aspartate when it was perfused in a solution that contained Ba2+ instead of Ca2+ or a solution that contained Ca2+ and 10 mmol L-1 BAPTA,a membrane-permeable Ca2+ chelator,suggesting that this inhibition is mediated by Ca2+ influx through NMDA receptors,rather than voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels.Finally,KN-62,a potent inhibitor of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII),reduced the inhibition of IGABA by aspartate,indicating the involvement of CaMKII in this cross-inhibition.Our study demonstrates a functional interaction展开更多
文摘目的:了解黄芪对感染柯萨奇病毒心肌细胞 L 型钙通道的影响,以探讨黄芪用于心肌炎治疗的作用机制。方法:以柯萨奇 B_3病毒感染急性分离的成年大鼠心肌细胞,利用膜片钳技术记录 L 型钙通道电流。结果:黄芪不影响正常心肌细胞 L 型钙通道电流的幅度,但可减缓 L 型钙通道电流的衰减。病毒感染增加心肌细胞 L 型钙通道电流的幅度,并改变其电压依赖性而使电流电压曲线向左下偏移。黄芪可抑制病毒感染细胞 L 型钙通道电流的增加。结论:黄芪通过抑制感染细胞经 L 型钙通道的跨膜钙内流和稳定 L 型钙通道的作用,可防止病毒感染可能导致的细胞内钙超载和异常电活动。
基金This project was supported by a grant from the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province （No. C2004000615）.
文摘Background Recent studies have revealed that pretreatment with statin is effective in preventing arrhythmia, but its electrophysiological mechanism is unclear. This study was conducted to investigate the cardioprotective effects of simvastatin on reversing electrical remodeling in left ventricular myocytes of rabbit heart undergoing ischemia-reperfusion, so as to explore the ionic mechanism responsible for the anti-arrhythmic effect of statin. Methods Forty-five rabbits were randomly divided into three groups： ischemic-reperfusion group （I-R）, simvastatin intervention group （Statin） and sham-operated control group （CON）. Anesthetized rabbits were subjected to 30-minute ischemia by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery and a 60-minute reperfusion after a 3-day administration of oral simvastatin of 5 mg-kg^-1.d^-1 in the Statin group or a placebo in the I-R group. Single ventricular myocytes were isolated enzymatically from the epicardial zone of the infracted region dedved from the hearts in the I-R and Statin group and the same anatomical region in the CON animals. The whole cell patch-clamp technique was used to record membrane ionic currents, including sodium current （IRa）, L-type calcium current （Ica-L） and transient outward potassium current （Ito）. Simultaneously, the level of serum cholesterol was examined. Results There was no significant difference in the serum cholesterol concentration among the three groups. The peak IRa current density （at -30 mV） was significantly decreased in I-R （（22.46±5.32） pA/pF, n=12） compared with CON （（42.78±5.48） pA/pF, n=16, P〈0.01） and Statin （（40.66±5.89） pA/pF, n=15, P〈0.01）, while the peak IRa current density in the Statin group was not different from CON （P〉0.05）. The peak ICa-L current density （at 0 mV） was significantly increased in I-R （（4.34±0.92） pA/pF, n=15） compared with CON （（3.13±1.22） pA/pF, n=13, P〈0.05） and Statin （（3.46±0.85） pNpF, n=16, P〈0
基金ThisstudywassupportedbytheNationalNatureScienceFoundationofChina (No 3 0 2 0 0 0 83 )andtheHubeiGongguanProjectofScienceandTechnology (No 2 0 0 2AA3 0 4B0 9)
文摘Objective To elucidate the inhibitory effects of recombinant Chinese scorpion neurotoxin BmK IM on seizures induced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) and the possible mechanism. Methods After purifying recombinant BmK IM from an E. coli cell line, its toxicity (both LD 50 and minimum lethal dose) on rats was determined. BmK IM was then microinjected into the CA3 region of the right hippocampus and its ability to inhibit the effects of an intraperitoneal injection of PTZ was assessed. The effects of BmK IM on the electrophysiological properties of isolated CA3 pyramidal neurons were then studied using whole-cell patch clamp techniques. Results BmK IM can significantly prolong the latent period of epileptic seizures, decrease the degree of seizures, and decrease the frequency of epileptiform discharges induced by PTZ. At the same time, 24h after injection of BmK IM into the hippocampal tissue, BmK IM significantly reduces the concentration of the neurotransmitter glutamate and alleviates PTZ-induced lesions in the hippocampus. Whole-cell patch clamp recordings indicate that BmK IM inhibits I Na of rat hippocampal neurons in a dose-dependent manner. BmK IM significantly shifts the activation curve of I Na in a positive direction, indicating that BmK IM enhances the threshold potential of I Na. Conclusions BmK IM has significant anti-epileptic properties, and may prove useful as a drug in the therapy of epilepsy. The inhibitory effects of BmK IM on seizures caused by pentylenetetrazol might depend on reductions in the release of presynaptic glutamate via the blocking of Na + channels.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos. 2011CB504506 and 2007CB512306)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 30970977 and 30730041)the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KSCX1-YW-R-36)
文摘Neuronal ion channels of different types often do not function independently but will inhibit or potentiate the activity of other types of channels,a process called cross-talk.The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA receptor) and the γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABAA receptor) are important excitatory and inhibitory receptors in the central nervous system,respectively.Currently,cross-talk between the NMDA receptor and the GABAA receptor,particularly in the central auditory system,is not well understood.In the present study,we investigated functional interactions between the NMDA receptor and the GABAA receptor using whole-cell patch-clamp techniques in cultured neurons from the inferior colliculus,which is an important nucleus in the central auditory system.We found that the currents induced by aspartate at 100 μmol L-1 were suppressed by the pre-perfusion of GABA at 100 μmol L-1,indicating cross-inhibition of NMDA receptors by activation of GABAA receptors.Moreover,we found that the currents induced by GABA at 100 μmol L-1 (IGABA) were not suppressed by the pre-perfusion of 100 μmol L-1 aspartate,but those induced by GABA at 3 μmol L-1 were suppressed,indicating concentration-dependent cross-inhibition of GABAA receptors by activation of NMDA receptors.In addition,inhibition of IGABA by aspartate was not affected by blockade of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels with CdCl2 in a solution that contained Ca2+,however,CdCl2 effectively attenuated the inhibition of IGABA by aspartate when it was perfused in a solution that contained Ba2+ instead of Ca2+ or a solution that contained Ca2+ and 10 mmol L-1 BAPTA,a membrane-permeable Ca2+ chelator,suggesting that this inhibition is mediated by Ca2+ influx through NMDA receptors,rather than voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels.Finally,KN-62,a potent inhibitor of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII),reduced the inhibition of IGABA by aspartate,indicating the involvement of CaMKII in this cross-inhibition.Our study demonstrates a functional interaction
