Mainstream partial nitritation-anammox(PNA)process easily suffers from performance instability and even reactor collapse in application.Thus,it is of great significance to unveil the characteristic of performance reco...Mainstream partial nitritation-anammox(PNA)process easily suffers from performance instability and even reactor collapse in application.Thus,it is of great significance to unveil the characteristic of performance recovery,understand the intrinsic mechanism and then propose operational strategy.In this study,we combined long-term reactor operation,batch tests,and metagenomics to reveal the succession of microbial community and functional metabolism variation from system collapse to recovery.Proper aeration control(0.10-0.25mg O_(2)/L)was critical for performance recovery.It was also found that Candidatus Brocadia became the dominant flora and its abundance increased from 3.5%to 11.0%.Significant enhancements in carbon metabolism and phospholipid biosynthesis were observed during system recovery,and the genes abundance related to signal transduction was dramatically increased.The up-regulation of sdh and suc genes showed the processes of succinate dehydrogenation and succinyl-CoA synthesis might stimulate the production of amino acids and the synthesis of proteins,thereby possibly improving the activity and abundance of AnAOB,which was conducive to the performance recovery.Moreover,the increase in abundance of hzs and hdh genes suggested the enhancement of the anammox process.Changes in the abundance of key genes involved in nitrogen metabolism indicated that nitrogen removal pathway was more diverse after system recovery.The achievement of performance recovery was driven by anammox,nitrification and denitrification coupled with dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium.These results provide deeper insights into the recovery mechanism of PNA system and also provide a potential regulation strategy for the stable operation of the mainstream PNA process.展开更多
目的探究加速康复外科(enuanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)理念应用于保留肾单位的肾部分切除围术期护理中对机体恢复及并发症的影响。方法选取南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院2014年6月至2017年6月行保留肾单位肾部分切除的患者,其中2...目的探究加速康复外科(enuanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)理念应用于保留肾单位的肾部分切除围术期护理中对机体恢复及并发症的影响。方法选取南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院2014年6月至2017年6月行保留肾单位肾部分切除的患者,其中2014年6月至2015年12月收治的74例患者行围术期常规护理(对照组),2016年1月至2017年6月收治的74例患者行围术期ERAS理念护理(观察组)。对比2组机体恢复情况、并发症发生率及护理前后生活质量变化。结果观察组排气时间、排便时间、进食时间、下床活动时间及住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组护理10d后高碳酸血症、感染、漏尿、比血、血尿发生率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组护理10d后生理功能、生理职能、情感职能、精力、躯体疼痛、一般健康状态、精神健康、社会功能评分均髙于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论ERAS理念应用于保留肾单位肾部分切除围术期护理可有效改善患者机体恢复情况,降低并发症发生率,提高生活质量,值得临床推广。展开更多
Ti_(2)AlC,a MAX phase ceramic,has an attractive self-healing ability to restore performance via the oxidation-induced crack healing mechanism upon healing at high temperatures in air(high oxygen partial pressures).How...Ti_(2)AlC,a MAX phase ceramic,has an attractive self-healing ability to restore performance via the oxidation-induced crack healing mechanism upon healing at high temperatures in air(high oxygen partial pressures).However,such healing ability to repair damages in vacuum or low oxygen partial pressure conditions remains unknown.Here,we report on the self-healing behavior of Ti_(2)AlC at a low oxygen partial pressure of about 1 Pa.The experimental results showed that the strength recovery depends on both healing temperature and time.After healing at 1400℃for 1–4 h,the healed samples exhibited the recovered strengths even exceeding the original strength of 375 MPa.The maximum recovered strength of~422 MPa was achieved in the healed Ti_(2)AlC sample after healing at 1400 for 4 h,about 13%higher than the original strength.Damages were healed by the formed℃TiCx from the decomposition of Ti_(2)AlC.The decomposition-induced crack healing as a new mechanism in the low oxygen partial pressure condition was disclosed for the MAX ceramics.The present study illustrates that key components made of Ti_(2)AlC can prolong their service life and keep their reliability during use at high temperatures in low oxygen partial pressures.展开更多
目的探讨脑电双频指数（bispectral index，BIS）指导麻醉深度对肝脏部分切除患者术后苏醒的影响。方法选择2013年1月-2015年12月在我院行全麻下肝脏部分切除术患者54例为研究对象。54例患者按照入院单双号分为BIS组及对照组各27例。BI...目的探讨脑电双频指数（bispectral index，BIS）指导麻醉深度对肝脏部分切除患者术后苏醒的影响。方法选择2013年1月-2015年12月在我院行全麻下肝脏部分切除术患者54例为研究对象。54例患者按照入院单双号分为BIS组及对照组各27例。BIS组采用BIS指导麻醉深度，对照组不采用BIS指导麻醉深度。比较两组的苏醒时间等，MOAA／S评分达1分、2分、3分及4分时BIS值及所需要时间，术中术后不良反应情况。结果BIS组睁眼时间、合作时间、拔管时间、清醒时间、定向力恢复时间以及出麻醉后监测治疗室（postanesthesia care unit，PACU）时间均显著短于对照组，差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0．01）。BIS组MOAA／S评分达4分时的BIS值显著高于对照组，差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0．01）。BIS组MOAA／S评分达1分、2分、3分及4分时所需要时间显著短于对照组，差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0．01）。术后24h随访两组均无术中知晓患者。两组术中体动、苏醒延迟、术后躁动发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论肝脏部分切除术中BIS指导麻醉深度能够良好控制患者术中的麻醉深度，避免麻醉过深，缩短术后苏醒时间。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2021YFC3201504)the National Natural Science Foundations of China (No.52000140)the Social Development Program of Science and Technology Committee Foundations of Shanghai (No.22dz1209200)。
文摘Mainstream partial nitritation-anammox(PNA)process easily suffers from performance instability and even reactor collapse in application.Thus,it is of great significance to unveil the characteristic of performance recovery,understand the intrinsic mechanism and then propose operational strategy.In this study,we combined long-term reactor operation,batch tests,and metagenomics to reveal the succession of microbial community and functional metabolism variation from system collapse to recovery.Proper aeration control(0.10-0.25mg O_(2)/L)was critical for performance recovery.It was also found that Candidatus Brocadia became the dominant flora and its abundance increased from 3.5%to 11.0%.Significant enhancements in carbon metabolism and phospholipid biosynthesis were observed during system recovery,and the genes abundance related to signal transduction was dramatically increased.The up-regulation of sdh and suc genes showed the processes of succinate dehydrogenation and succinyl-CoA synthesis might stimulate the production of amino acids and the synthesis of proteins,thereby possibly improving the activity and abundance of AnAOB,which was conducive to the performance recovery.Moreover,the increase in abundance of hzs and hdh genes suggested the enhancement of the anammox process.Changes in the abundance of key genes involved in nitrogen metabolism indicated that nitrogen removal pathway was more diverse after system recovery.The achievement of performance recovery was driven by anammox,nitrification and denitrification coupled with dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium.These results provide deeper insights into the recovery mechanism of PNA system and also provide a potential regulation strategy for the stable operation of the mainstream PNA process.
文摘目的探究加速康复外科(enuanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)理念应用于保留肾单位的肾部分切除围术期护理中对机体恢复及并发症的影响。方法选取南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院2014年6月至2017年6月行保留肾单位肾部分切除的患者,其中2014年6月至2015年12月收治的74例患者行围术期常规护理(对照组),2016年1月至2017年6月收治的74例患者行围术期ERAS理念护理(观察组)。对比2组机体恢复情况、并发症发生率及护理前后生活质量变化。结果观察组排气时间、排便时间、进食时间、下床活动时间及住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组护理10d后高碳酸血症、感染、漏尿、比血、血尿发生率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组护理10d后生理功能、生理职能、情感职能、精力、躯体疼痛、一般健康状态、精神健康、社会功能评分均髙于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论ERAS理念应用于保留肾单位肾部分切除围术期护理可有效改善患者机体恢复情况,降低并发症发生率,提高生活质量,值得临床推广。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52275171)the PreResearch Program in National 14th Five-Year Plan(No.80923010304).
文摘Ti_(2)AlC,a MAX phase ceramic,has an attractive self-healing ability to restore performance via the oxidation-induced crack healing mechanism upon healing at high temperatures in air(high oxygen partial pressures).However,such healing ability to repair damages in vacuum or low oxygen partial pressure conditions remains unknown.Here,we report on the self-healing behavior of Ti_(2)AlC at a low oxygen partial pressure of about 1 Pa.The experimental results showed that the strength recovery depends on both healing temperature and time.After healing at 1400℃for 1–4 h,the healed samples exhibited the recovered strengths even exceeding the original strength of 375 MPa.The maximum recovered strength of~422 MPa was achieved in the healed Ti_(2)AlC sample after healing at 1400 for 4 h,about 13%higher than the original strength.Damages were healed by the formed℃TiCx from the decomposition of Ti_(2)AlC.The decomposition-induced crack healing as a new mechanism in the low oxygen partial pressure condition was disclosed for the MAX ceramics.The present study illustrates that key components made of Ti_(2)AlC can prolong their service life and keep their reliability during use at high temperatures in low oxygen partial pressures.
文摘目的探讨脑电双频指数（bispectral index，BIS）指导麻醉深度对肝脏部分切除患者术后苏醒的影响。方法选择2013年1月-2015年12月在我院行全麻下肝脏部分切除术患者54例为研究对象。54例患者按照入院单双号分为BIS组及对照组各27例。BIS组采用BIS指导麻醉深度，对照组不采用BIS指导麻醉深度。比较两组的苏醒时间等，MOAA／S评分达1分、2分、3分及4分时BIS值及所需要时间，术中术后不良反应情况。结果BIS组睁眼时间、合作时间、拔管时间、清醒时间、定向力恢复时间以及出麻醉后监测治疗室（postanesthesia care unit，PACU）时间均显著短于对照组，差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0．01）。BIS组MOAA／S评分达4分时的BIS值显著高于对照组，差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0．01）。BIS组MOAA／S评分达1分、2分、3分及4分时所需要时间显著短于对照组，差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0．01）。术后24h随访两组均无术中知晓患者。两组术中体动、苏醒延迟、术后躁动发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论肝脏部分切除术中BIS指导麻醉深度能够良好控制患者术中的麻醉深度，避免麻醉过深，缩短术后苏醒时间。
