本实验应用新型非去极化型肌松剂安特寇林,通过改良的浸流方式精确控制给药的速度与剂量,以现实在离体情况下模拟开玛系统(CAIMA)的工作原理,从而证实了(1)不同浓度给药对药效的影响,表现在药物起效与恢复的多个环节中。结果表明随药物...本实验应用新型非去极化型肌松剂安特寇林,通过改良的浸流方式精确控制给药的速度与剂量,以现实在离体情况下模拟开玛系统(CAIMA)的工作原理,从而证实了(1)不同浓度给药对药效的影响,表现在药物起效与恢复的多个环节中。结果表明随药物浓度增大起效时间缩短,生效速率增大,超射程度增大,超射时间延长,起始恢复率减小,恢复指数增大,这些差异均非常显著(P<0.01)。药物在任何可产生药效的浓度下均存在着超射效应,且与药物浓度正相关。如安特寇林20μg/ml时超射程度是37.1％,时间是1 min 6 s;60μg/ml时超射程度是66.7％,时间是2min42s。(2)开玛系统由于按需间断(即脉冲式)给药的特点,使药物的超射效应得以充分发挥,即在脉冲给药的间歇期内,药物的超射使药效维持,故总给药量比传统给药方式耗药量低。(3)由于开玛系统给药利用了药物的固有特点超射,故达到相同药效时血药浓度较低,这就使得这种超射效应即有机会释放,又不致于太强,故开玛给药药效平稳。展开更多
An optimal burst height is required for the fly-over and shoot-down smart ammunition with an EFP warhead at the instant of explosion which brings a special requirement to the miss distance of the terminal guidance law...An optimal burst height is required for the fly-over and shoot-down smart ammunition with an EFP warhead at the instant of explosion which brings a special requirement to the miss distance of the terminal guidance law. In this paper, a guidance law based on the virtual target scheme is proposed. First, the practical pursuit-evasion issue between the ammunition and the target with specific miss distance is transformed into a virtuai pursuit-evasion problem with zero miss distance. Secondly, a complete three-dimensional pursuit-evasion kinematics model is established without any simplifications. And then, a suboptimal guidance law is designed based on the θ-D method which has constraints of the elevation and azimuth angular velocity of the virtual line of sight （LOS）. Finally, in order to verify the performance of the proposed guidance law, three test cases are conducted. Numericai results show that under the proposed terminal guidance law, the smart ammunition not only can fly above the target with an optimal burst height but also have a smaller normal acceleration on the terminal trajectory.展开更多
文摘本实验应用新型非去极化型肌松剂安特寇林,通过改良的浸流方式精确控制给药的速度与剂量,以现实在离体情况下模拟开玛系统(CAIMA)的工作原理,从而证实了(1)不同浓度给药对药效的影响,表现在药物起效与恢复的多个环节中。结果表明随药物浓度增大起效时间缩短,生效速率增大,超射程度增大,超射时间延长,起始恢复率减小,恢复指数增大,这些差异均非常显著(P<0.01)。药物在任何可产生药效的浓度下均存在着超射效应,且与药物浓度正相关。如安特寇林20μg/ml时超射程度是37.1％,时间是1 min 6 s;60μg/ml时超射程度是66.7％,时间是2min42s。(2)开玛系统由于按需间断(即脉冲式)给药的特点,使药物的超射效应得以充分发挥,即在脉冲给药的间歇期内,药物的超射使药效维持,故总给药量比传统给药方式耗药量低。(3)由于开玛系统给药利用了药物的固有特点超射,故达到相同药效时血药浓度较低,这就使得这种超射效应即有机会释放,又不致于太强,故开玛给药药效平稳。
基金Supported by the Fundamental Scientific Research Program of China Ministries and Commissions(B2220132013)
文摘An optimal burst height is required for the fly-over and shoot-down smart ammunition with an EFP warhead at the instant of explosion which brings a special requirement to the miss distance of the terminal guidance law. In this paper, a guidance law based on the virtual target scheme is proposed. First, the practical pursuit-evasion issue between the ammunition and the target with specific miss distance is transformed into a virtuai pursuit-evasion problem with zero miss distance. Secondly, a complete three-dimensional pursuit-evasion kinematics model is established without any simplifications. And then, a suboptimal guidance law is designed based on the θ-D method which has constraints of the elevation and azimuth angular velocity of the virtual line of sight （LOS）. Finally, in order to verify the performance of the proposed guidance law, three test cases are conducted. Numericai results show that under the proposed terminal guidance law, the smart ammunition not only can fly above the target with an optimal burst height but also have a smaller normal acceleration on the terminal trajectory.
