This paper presents a theoretical comparison of a single carrier system and a multi-carrier system through an analysis of the achievable rate under frequency selective fading with channel state information at the rece...This paper presents a theoretical comparison of a single carrier system and a multi-carrier system through an analysis of the achievable rate under frequency selective fading with channel state information at the receiver. A scheme was designed to compare the achievable rates of a single carrier system and an Or- thogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing （OFDM） system. A thorough theoretical analysis of the two-path channel was conducted, and simulations were also used to analyze practical stochastic channels. Analysis and simulation results show that the achievable rates of the two approaches are comparable when the channel is flat fading. However, when the channel is frequency selective fading, the single carrier system outperforms the OFDM system. The achievable rate of the OFDM system is about 10% lower than that of the single carrier system at higher SNRs.展开更多
This article proposes a new transceiver design for Single carrier frequency division multiple access(SCFDMA)system based on discrete wavelet transform(DWT). SCFDMA offers almost same structure as Orthogonal frequency ...This article proposes a new transceiver design for Single carrier frequency division multiple access(SCFDMA)system based on discrete wavelet transform(DWT). SCFDMA offers almost same structure as Orthogonal frequency division multiple access(OFDMA)with extra advantage of low Peak to Average Power Ratio(PAPR). Moreover,this article also suggests the application of Walsh Hadamard transform(WHT)for linear precoding(LP)to improve the PAPR performance of the system. Supremacy of the proposed transceiver over conventional Fast Fourier transform(FFT)based SCFDMA is shown through simulated results in terms of PAPR,spectral efficiency(SE)and bit error rate(BER).展开更多
A low complex minimum mean-square error frequency-domain decision feedback （MMSE-FDDF） equalization algorithm is proposed in this paper for the single-carrier V-BLAST systems. Exploiting the factor that the discrete...A low complex minimum mean-square error frequency-domain decision feedback （MMSE-FDDF） equalization algorithm is proposed in this paper for the single-carrier V-BLAST systems. Exploiting the factor that the discrete Fourier transform （DFT） is unitary, the proposed receiver can equalize the signals by the MMSE detecting to the spectrums in the frequency domain instead of the waveforms in the time domain. In order to obtain the right decisions, the detector must be able to equalize the overall spectrum with regard to each layer. This work can be performed very efficiently since the system matrix has been designed as a special block-circulant-block matrix. Similar to other V-BLAST-like systems, the detecting order has strong impact on the performance of MMSE-FDDF. Therefore, we further give a fast optimally sorting scheme for the MMSE-FDDF architecture. By using the newly constructed matrix, the coefficients computation and the sorting can be combined into one process, and then we employ the modified Gram-Schmidt （MGS） to simplify the process. The simulation results and the computational complexity analysis show that the proposed MMSE-FDDF has better tradeoff between the performance and the complexity than the existing algorithms. In addition, MMSE-FDDF can avoid the performance floor caused by the overlap-and-save technique in the severe dispersive channel.展开更多
Low power efficiency is a deficiency in traditional Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing （OFDM） systems. To counter this problem, a new wireless transmission technology based on Zero-Padding Carrier Interferom...Low power efficiency is a deficiency in traditional Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing （OFDM） systems. To counter this problem, a new wireless transmission technology based on Zero-Padding Carrier Interferometry OFDM （ZP-CI/OFDM） is proposed. In a ZP-CI/OFDM system, transmission symbols are spread to all OFDM subcarriers via carrier interferometry codes. This reduces the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio （PAPR） that traditional OFDM suffers and also exploits frequency diversity gain. By zero-padding at the transmitter, advanced receiver technologies can be adopted for ZP-CI/OFDM so that frequency diversity gain can be further utilized and the power efficiency of the system is improved.展开更多
Cartier frequency offset （CFO） estimation is critical for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing （OFDM） based transmissions. In this paper, we present a low-complexity, blind CFO estimator for OFDM systems wit...Cartier frequency offset （CFO） estimation is critical for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing （OFDM） based transmissions. In this paper, we present a low-complexity, blind CFO estimator for OFDM systems with constant modulus （CM） signaling. Both single-input single-output （SISO） and multiple-input multiple-output （MIMO） systems are considered. Based on the assumption that the channel keeps constant during estimation, we prove that the CFO can be estimated uniquely and exactly through minimizing the power difference of received data on the same subcarriers between two consecutive OFDM symbols; thus, the identifiability problem is assured. Inspired by the sinusoid-like cost function, curve fitting is utilized to simplify our algorithm. Performance analysis reveals that the proposed estimator is asymptotically unbiased and the mean square error （MSE） exhibits no error floor. We show that this blind scheme can also be applied to a MIMO system. Numerical simulations show that the proposed estimator provides excellent performance compared with existing blind methods.展开更多
This paper investigates Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO) estimation in the uplink of the Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems with the interleaved subcarrier assignment. CFOs between the transmi...This paper investigates Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO) estimation in the uplink of the Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems with the interleaved subcarrier assignment. CFOs between the transmitters and the uplink receiver will destroy orthogonality among different subcarriers, hence resulting in inter-carrier interference and multiuser interference. A two-stage frequency offset estimation algorithm based on subspace processing is proposed. The main advantage of the proposed method is that it can obtain the CFOs of all users simultaneously using only one OFDMA block. Compared with the previously known methods, it not only has a relatively low implementation complexity but is also suitable for random subchannel assignment.展开更多
In the current multi-carrier communications,Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM)is widely considered as a leading technology.For mobile applications,however,the orthogonality between subcarriers is deterio...In the current multi-carrier communications,Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM)is widely considered as a leading technology.For mobile applications,however,the orthogonality between subcarriers is deteriorated by Doppler frequency shift,which will introduce serious subcarrier phase rotation in the received signals and degrade the system performance.Thus,a method of differential grouping weighted symmetry data-conjugate(DWSCC)have been previously presented to obtain a better inter-carrier interference(ICI)suppressing effect and Bit Error Rate(BER)performance with no loss of spectral efficiency.In this paper,a novel scheme applying a completely different method of subcarrier interactive mapping is put forward.By mapping two different symbols which are both conjugated or multiplied by a complex weighting factor onto a pair of symmetric subcarriers,the presented scheme can greatly reduce the influence of subcarriers phase rotation caused by Doppler frequency shift in highly mobile environments.Analysis and simulation results indicate that comparing with the DWSCC method,our formulated scheme can not only maintain the spectrum utilization with no loss,but also have the advantages of an improvement on reduction effect and BER performance as well as a lower computational complexity in highly mobile environments.展开更多
Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing(OFDM)is the form of a digital system and a way of encoding digital data across multiple frequency com-ponents that are used in telecommunication services.Carrier Frequency Of...Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing(OFDM)is the form of a digital system and a way of encoding digital data across multiple frequency com-ponents that are used in telecommunication services.Carrier Frequency Offset(CFO)inaccuracy is a major disadvantage of OFDM.This paper proposed a fea-sible and elegant fuzzy-based resource allocation technique,that overcomes the constraints of the CFO.The suggested Fuzzy linear CFO estimation(FL-CFO)not only estimates the CFO with increased precision but also allocates resources effectively,and achieves maximum utilization of dynamic resources.The sug-gested FL-CFO error estimation algorithm in OFDM systems employing 1-bit Quadrate errors ADC(1-bit QE)is utilized to extract the precise CFO.Addition-ally,the base station(BS)manages the Resource Units(RU),which could be used to distribute resources in such a manner that the user requests are met.To assign resources to a certain job,fuzzy rules are devised.When the residence duration exceeds the resource requirement time then the particular resources are provided to the highest-priority jobs.As a result,the job performance will not be halted due to a lack of allocated resources.Performance metrics such as utilization,rate of failure,and life span,as well as energy consumption,are used to assess the pro-posed FL-CFO.展开更多
Through analyzing the theoretical spreading principle,it has been proved in this paper that the benefit of pseudo-orthogonal carrier interferometry(PO-CI)spreading code is not supported when complex signal modulation(...Through analyzing the theoretical spreading principle,it has been proved in this paper that the benefit of pseudo-orthogonal carrier interferometry(PO-CI)spreading code is not supported when complex signal modulation(e.g.,quadrature phase-shift keying(QPSK)and quadrature amplitude modulation(QAM))types are employed.On this basis,a novel and feasible structure for this problem is brought forward.Within the structure mentioned,instead of complex modulation patterns,pulse amplitude modulation(PAM)combined with PO-CI spreading code is utilized.This allows us to maintain the throughput increase of a multi-carrier code division multiple access(MC-CDMA)system with minimal loss in performance and no bandwidth expansion.展开更多
A novel symbol timing synchronization algorithm based on Frank-Hermiller(FH) sequence is proposed for coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing(CO-OFDM) systems with carrier frequency offset. The tim...A novel symbol timing synchronization algorithm based on Frank-Hermiller(FH) sequence is proposed for coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing(CO-OFDM) systems with carrier frequency offset. The timing synchronization is realized by using only one training symbol which is composed of conjugated symmetric sequences.The timing estimation of the proposed algorithm is robust to poor frequency offset. The proposed algorithm is shown to eliminate the timing sidelobes of Park’s algorithm and has a more accurate timing estimation. In the condition of frequency offset, the timing metric of the proposed method still maintains its peak value at the correct timing point,while the values are almost zero at all other positions.展开更多
Most of the blind Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO) estimators necessitate large number of samples to ensure the estimation accuracy. However, the number of samples can n...Most of the blind Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO) estimators necessitate large number of samples to ensure the estimation accuracy. However, the number of samples can not be selected too large because of the carrier offset drift. In this letter, a new closed form algorithm for blind OFDM CFO estimation in frequency-selective channel is proposed. This method utilizes the propagator obtained from data matrix and the diagonal loading technique, thus it has better performance even only using one or two OFDM blocks. Furthermore, the range of the CFO estimation which can be handled is overall transmission spectral. Simulation results confirm its effectiveness.展开更多
On the basis of the analysis of the effect of PHase Noise (PHN) and Common Phase Error (CPE) on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems, a cost function is constructed. By the cost function and the i...On the basis of the analysis of the effect of PHase Noise (PHN) and Common Phase Error (CPE) on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems, a cost function is constructed. By the cost function and the idea of Least-Mean-Square (LMS) adaptive algorithm, the adaptive algorithm for the correction of CPE is presented. The simulations have been performed to investigate the performance for tracking PHN and estimating CPE, the results show that the algorithm performs soundly.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Key Technology Research and Devel-opment Program (No. 2009ZX03006-007-02)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 60972019, 61021001,and 60928001)
文摘This paper presents a theoretical comparison of a single carrier system and a multi-carrier system through an analysis of the achievable rate under frequency selective fading with channel state information at the receiver. A scheme was designed to compare the achievable rates of a single carrier system and an Or- thogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing （OFDM） system. A thorough theoretical analysis of the two-path channel was conducted, and simulations were also used to analyze practical stochastic channels. Analysis and simulation results show that the achievable rates of the two approaches are comparable when the channel is flat fading. However, when the channel is frequency selective fading, the single carrier system outperforms the OFDM system. The achievable rate of the OFDM system is about 10% lower than that of the single carrier system at higher SNRs.
文摘This article proposes a new transceiver design for Single carrier frequency division multiple access(SCFDMA)system based on discrete wavelet transform(DWT). SCFDMA offers almost same structure as Orthogonal frequency division multiple access(OFDMA)with extra advantage of low Peak to Average Power Ratio(PAPR). Moreover,this article also suggests the application of Walsh Hadamard transform(WHT)for linear precoding(LP)to improve the PAPR performance of the system. Supremacy of the proposed transceiver over conventional Fast Fourier transform(FFT)based SCFDMA is shown through simulated results in terms of PAPR,spectral efficiency(SE)and bit error rate(BER).
基金Supported partially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 60572046, 60502022, 60772095)the National High-TechResearch and Development Program of China ("863" Program)(Grant No. 2006AA01Z220)
文摘A low complex minimum mean-square error frequency-domain decision feedback （MMSE-FDDF） equalization algorithm is proposed in this paper for the single-carrier V-BLAST systems. Exploiting the factor that the discrete Fourier transform （DFT） is unitary, the proposed receiver can equalize the signals by the MMSE detecting to the spectrums in the frequency domain instead of the waveforms in the time domain. In order to obtain the right decisions, the detector must be able to equalize the overall spectrum with regard to each layer. This work can be performed very efficiently since the system matrix has been designed as a special block-circulant-block matrix. Similar to other V-BLAST-like systems, the detecting order has strong impact on the performance of MMSE-FDDF. Therefore, we further give a fast optimally sorting scheme for the MMSE-FDDF architecture. By using the newly constructed matrix, the coefficients computation and the sorting can be combined into one process, and then we employ the modified Gram-Schmidt （MGS） to simplify the process. The simulation results and the computational complexity analysis show that the proposed MMSE-FDDF has better tradeoff between the performance and the complexity than the existing algorithms. In addition, MMSE-FDDF can avoid the performance floor caused by the overlap-and-save technique in the severe dispersive channel.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61071102
文摘Low power efficiency is a deficiency in traditional Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing （OFDM） systems. To counter this problem, a new wireless transmission technology based on Zero-Padding Carrier Interferometry OFDM （ZP-CI/OFDM） is proposed. In a ZP-CI/OFDM system, transmission symbols are spread to all OFDM subcarriers via carrier interferometry codes. This reduces the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio （PAPR） that traditional OFDM suffers and also exploits frequency diversity gain. By zero-padding at the transmitter, advanced receiver technologies can be adopted for ZP-CI/OFDM so that frequency diversity gain can be further utilized and the power efficiency of the system is improved.
基金Project supported by the Intel Research Council and the Applied Materials Shanghai Research & Development Fund (No. 0507)
文摘Cartier frequency offset （CFO） estimation is critical for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing （OFDM） based transmissions. In this paper, we present a low-complexity, blind CFO estimator for OFDM systems with constant modulus （CM） signaling. Both single-input single-output （SISO） and multiple-input multiple-output （MIMO） systems are considered. Based on the assumption that the channel keeps constant during estimation, we prove that the CFO can be estimated uniquely and exactly through minimizing the power difference of received data on the same subcarriers between two consecutive OFDM symbols; thus, the identifiability problem is assured. Inspired by the sinusoid-like cost function, curve fitting is utilized to simplify our algorithm. Performance analysis reveals that the proposed estimator is asymptotically unbiased and the mean square error （MSE） exhibits no error floor. We show that this blind scheme can also be applied to a MIMO system. Numerical simulations show that the proposed estimator provides excellent performance compared with existing blind methods.
基金the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education, China Ministry of Education (No.20030003039).
文摘This paper investigates Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO) estimation in the uplink of the Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems with the interleaved subcarrier assignment. CFOs between the transmitters and the uplink receiver will destroy orthogonality among different subcarriers, hence resulting in inter-carrier interference and multiuser interference. A two-stage frequency offset estimation algorithm based on subspace processing is proposed. The main advantage of the proposed method is that it can obtain the CFOs of all users simultaneously using only one OFDMA block. Compared with the previously known methods, it not only has a relatively low implementation complexity but is also suitable for random subchannel assignment.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61601296,No.61701295,and No.61801286)the Major scientific and technological innovation projects in Chengdu(No.2019-YF08-00082-GX)+1 种基金the Talent Program of Shanghai University of Engineering Science(No.2018RC43)the start-up research project of Shanghai University of Engineering Science(No.2019-39).
文摘In the current multi-carrier communications,Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM)is widely considered as a leading technology.For mobile applications,however,the orthogonality between subcarriers is deteriorated by Doppler frequency shift,which will introduce serious subcarrier phase rotation in the received signals and degrade the system performance.Thus,a method of differential grouping weighted symmetry data-conjugate(DWSCC)have been previously presented to obtain a better inter-carrier interference(ICI)suppressing effect and Bit Error Rate(BER)performance with no loss of spectral efficiency.In this paper,a novel scheme applying a completely different method of subcarrier interactive mapping is put forward.By mapping two different symbols which are both conjugated or multiplied by a complex weighting factor onto a pair of symmetric subcarriers,the presented scheme can greatly reduce the influence of subcarriers phase rotation caused by Doppler frequency shift in highly mobile environments.Analysis and simulation results indicate that comparing with the DWSCC method,our formulated scheme can not only maintain the spectrum utilization with no loss,but also have the advantages of an improvement on reduction effect and BER performance as well as a lower computational complexity in highly mobile environments.
文摘Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing(OFDM)is the form of a digital system and a way of encoding digital data across multiple frequency com-ponents that are used in telecommunication services.Carrier Frequency Offset(CFO)inaccuracy is a major disadvantage of OFDM.This paper proposed a fea-sible and elegant fuzzy-based resource allocation technique,that overcomes the constraints of the CFO.The suggested Fuzzy linear CFO estimation(FL-CFO)not only estimates the CFO with increased precision but also allocates resources effectively,and achieves maximum utilization of dynamic resources.The sug-gested FL-CFO error estimation algorithm in OFDM systems employing 1-bit Quadrate errors ADC(1-bit QE)is utilized to extract the precise CFO.Addition-ally,the base station(BS)manages the Resource Units(RU),which could be used to distribute resources in such a manner that the user requests are met.To assign resources to a certain job,fuzzy rules are devised.When the residence duration exceeds the resource requirement time then the particular resources are provided to the highest-priority jobs.As a result,the job performance will not be halted due to a lack of allocated resources.Performance metrics such as utilization,rate of failure,and life span,as well as energy consumption,are used to assess the pro-posed FL-CFO.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.60496312).
文摘Through analyzing the theoretical spreading principle,it has been proved in this paper that the benefit of pseudo-orthogonal carrier interferometry(PO-CI)spreading code is not supported when complex signal modulation(e.g.,quadrature phase-shift keying(QPSK)and quadrature amplitude modulation(QAM))types are employed.On this basis,a novel and feasible structure for this problem is brought forward.Within the structure mentioned,instead of complex modulation patterns,pulse amplitude modulation(PAM)combined with PO-CI spreading code is utilized.This allows us to maintain the throughput increase of a multi-carrier code division multiple access(MC-CDMA)system with minimal loss in performance and no bandwidth expansion.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61575078)
文摘A novel symbol timing synchronization algorithm based on Frank-Hermiller(FH) sequence is proposed for coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing(CO-OFDM) systems with carrier frequency offset. The timing synchronization is realized by using only one training symbol which is composed of conjugated symmetric sequences.The timing estimation of the proposed algorithm is robust to poor frequency offset. The proposed algorithm is shown to eliminate the timing sidelobes of Park’s algorithm and has a more accurate timing estimation. In the condition of frequency offset, the timing metric of the proposed method still maintains its peak value at the correct timing point,while the values are almost zero at all other positions.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60172028)
文摘Most of the blind Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO) estimators necessitate large number of samples to ensure the estimation accuracy. However, the number of samples can not be selected too large because of the carrier offset drift. In this letter, a new closed form algorithm for blind OFDM CFO estimation in frequency-selective channel is proposed. This method utilizes the propagator obtained from data matrix and the diagonal loading technique, thus it has better performance even only using one or two OFDM blocks. Furthermore, the range of the CFO estimation which can be handled is overall transmission spectral. Simulation results confirm its effectiveness.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60332030).
文摘On the basis of the analysis of the effect of PHase Noise (PHN) and Common Phase Error (CPE) on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems, a cost function is constructed. By the cost function and the idea of Least-Mean-Square (LMS) adaptive algorithm, the adaptive algorithm for the correction of CPE is presented. The simulations have been performed to investigate the performance for tracking PHN and estimating CPE, the results show that the algorithm performs soundly.
