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凝胶渗透色谱-气相色谱同时测定糙米中拟除虫菊酯、有机氯农药和多氯联苯的残留量 被引量:47
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作者 李樱 储晓刚 +2 位作者 仲维科 李淑娟 何友昭 《色谱》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2004年第5期551-554,共4页
基于凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)对脂类和色素的优良分离能力,系统研究了其对有机氯农药、拟除虫菊酯农药、多氯联苯和糙米基体的分离行为。介绍了一种可同时测定糙米中35种拟除虫菊酯、有机氯农药和多氯联苯的方法。样品用乙酸乙酯提取,凝胶渗... 基于凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)对脂类和色素的优良分离能力,系统研究了其对有机氯农药、拟除虫菊酯农药、多氯联苯和糙米基体的分离行为。介绍了一种可同时测定糙米中35种拟除虫菊酯、有机氯农药和多氯联苯的方法。样品用乙酸乙酯提取,凝胶渗透色谱净化,气相色谱 电子捕获检测法(GC ECD)检测,外标法定量。在低、中、高浓度3个添加水平上的回收率分别为70 1%107 4%,70 3%109 9%和70 8%109 5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2 3% 13 3%;有机氯农药和多氯联苯的检出限为0 07μg/kg,拟除虫菊酯的检出限为0 44μg/kg。 展开更多
关键词 气相色谱 凝胶渗透色谱 拟除虫菊酯 有机氯农药 多氯联苯 糙米
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凝胶渗透色谱和固相萃取净化气相色谱分离组合法测定糙米中的残留农药 被引量:36
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作者 李樱 储晓刚 +2 位作者 仲维科 李淑娟 何友昭 《分析化学》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2004年第10期1325-1328,共4页
提出糙米中 38种有机氯农药、拟除虫菊酯和多氯联苯残留量的同时测定方法。用乙酸乙酯提取 ,凝胶渗透色谱和固相萃取净化 ,气相色谱 电子俘获检测 ,外标法定量。 3个添加水平的平均回收率分别为77 3、81.4和 83.8% ;相对标准偏差 3.8%... 提出糙米中 38种有机氯农药、拟除虫菊酯和多氯联苯残留量的同时测定方法。用乙酸乙酯提取 ,凝胶渗透色谱和固相萃取净化 ,气相色谱 电子俘获检测 ,外标法定量。 3个添加水平的平均回收率分别为77 3、81.4和 83.8% ;相对标准偏差 3.8%~ 13.9%。有机氯农药和多氯联苯检出限为 0 .0 7μg/kg ;拟除虫菊酯的检出限为 0 .4 μg/kg。检测方法简便省时 ,自动化程度高 ,稳定可靠。 展开更多
关键词 凝胶渗透色谱 固相萃取 气相色谱 分离 糙米 农药残留检测
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凝胶渗透色谱净化-气相色谱法测定茶叶中30种有机氯及菊酯类农药残留量 被引量:10
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作者 杨晓凤 谢淋 +1 位作者 韩梅 易盛国 《理化检验(化学分册)》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2011年第6期698-700,共3页
茶叶样品(1.00g)用水5 mL湿润后加入50mL乙腈高速匀浆提取3min。混合物滤入已盛有固体氯化钠2 g的具塞量筒中,取上清液20.0mL于45℃蒸发至近干,加入乙酸乙酯环己烷(1+1)混合溶剂10.0mL溶解残渣后进行凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)净化。流动相为上... 茶叶样品(1.00g)用水5 mL湿润后加入50mL乙腈高速匀浆提取3min。混合物滤入已盛有固体氯化钠2 g的具塞量筒中,取上清液20.0mL于45℃蒸发至近干,加入乙酸乙酯环己烷(1+1)混合溶剂10.0mL溶解残渣后进行凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)净化。流动相为上述混合溶剂,流量为4.7mL·min^(-1)。收集9~20min时间段的流出液,在45℃蒸至近干,加正己烷定容为5.0mL,供气相色谱分析。采用Rxi-5MS石英毛细管柱进行分离和电子捕获检测器进行检测,所测农药的线性范围为0.02~0.50mg·L^(-1)。检出限(3S/N)在1×10^(-4)~2×10^(-3)mg·kg^(-1)之间。试验测得方法的回收率在83.2%~114.6%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)在0.9%~4.8%之间。 展开更多
关键词 气相色谱法 凝胶渗透色谱 有机氯 菊酯 茶叶
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含辛辣气味蔬菜的多种农药残留的检测 被引量:10
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作者 郑新华 包海英 +3 位作者 何桂华 鞠永涛 夏芳 王迎 《山东科学》 CAS 2005年第4期18-21,25,共5页
研究了含辛辣气味蔬菜中有机磷、有机氯和拟除虫菊酯类等多种农药残留的快速检测方法。采用微波处理技术和固相萃取技术对大蒜等含辛辣气味的蔬菜进行样品前处理,气相色谱检测。该方法用于多种农药残留同时检测,解决了含辛辣气味的蔬菜... 研究了含辛辣气味蔬菜中有机磷、有机氯和拟除虫菊酯类等多种农药残留的快速检测方法。采用微波处理技术和固相萃取技术对大蒜等含辛辣气味的蔬菜进行样品前处理,气相色谱检测。该方法用于多种农药残留同时检测,解决了含辛辣气味的蔬菜干扰严重的问题。 展开更多
关键词 有机磷 有机氯拟除虫菊酯 气相色谱 含辛辣气味蔬菜
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基质固相分散萃取-气相色谱法同时检测丹皮中有机氯和拟除虫菊酯农药残留的研究 被引量:8
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作者 高倩 花日茂 +1 位作者 王兴琴 马鑫 《中国农学通报》 CSCD 2012年第21期242-247,共6页
采用基质固相分散萃取-气相色谱(MSPD-GC)技术,建立丹皮中有机氯和拟除虫菊酯农药多残留分析新方法。以回收率为指标,采用正交设计优化选择填料种类,样品与填料量的比例、淋洗液的极性。丹皮样品与中性氧化铝(m/m,1:2)充分研磨5min后装... 采用基质固相分散萃取-气相色谱(MSPD-GC)技术,建立丹皮中有机氯和拟除虫菊酯农药多残留分析新方法。以回收率为指标,采用正交设计优化选择填料种类,样品与填料量的比例、淋洗液的极性。丹皮样品与中性氧化铝(m/m,1:2)充分研磨5min后装入10mL玻璃层析柱内,通过10mL乙酸乙酯洗脱,11种农药在0.02、0.1、1mg/kg3个添加水平的平均回收率为77.69%~110.7%,相对标准偏差均低于11.6%,方法检出限在0.1~3.4μg/kg范围。该方法可同时监测丹皮中有机氯、拟除虫菊酯类等农药的残留水平,方法简便。 展开更多
关键词 基质固相分散萃取 丹皮 有机氯农药 拟除虫菊酯农药 农药残留
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中国媒介蚊虫对有机氯类和氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂的抗性调查 被引量:7
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作者 刘斯璐 崔峰 +1 位作者 燕帅国 乔传令 《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》 CAS CSCD 2011年第1期82-85,共4页
蚊虫由于其特殊的行为、生理以及与人类生活关系紧密而成为传播人类疾病的重要媒介,自20世纪化学杀虫剂广泛使用后,蚊虫就与这种环境变化协同进化,即通过生理生化多种机制产生抗药性。该文综述了自20世纪90年代以来,我国7种媒介蚊虫(尖... 蚊虫由于其特殊的行为、生理以及与人类生活关系紧密而成为传播人类疾病的重要媒介,自20世纪化学杀虫剂广泛使用后,蚊虫就与这种环境变化协同进化,即通过生理生化多种机制产生抗药性。该文综述了自20世纪90年代以来,我国7种媒介蚊虫(尖音库蚊复组、中华按蚊、三带喙库蚊、微小按蚊、雷氏按蚊、白纹伊蚊和埃及伊蚊)对有机氯类和氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂的抗性调查结果。结果显示,不同地区的7种媒介蚊虫对DDT抗性水平较高,对六六六、三氯杀虫酯抗性调查较少,仅有库蚊对这2种杀虫剂抗性调查的报道,并且抗性水平较低。对氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂的抗性调查,主要是尖音库蚊复组对残杀威和巴沙的抗性调查报道,抗性水平较低。 展开更多
关键词 媒介蚊虫 有机氯类 氨基甲酸酯类 抗性监测
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高效原油脱氯剂的开发及应用 被引量:7
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作者 岳宗豪 刘长雷 《炼油技术与工程》 CAS 2013年第8期38-40,共3页
利用原油脱氯反应机理,以合成的N,N二甲基丙二胺、改性β-羟乙基三甲胺、十六胺聚氧丙烯醚三类物质进行复配,制备一种原油脱氯剂。当此三类物质相应的比例分别为20%,79%,1%时,原油中的有机氯化物脱除效果最佳。实验室评价结果表明,当此... 利用原油脱氯反应机理,以合成的N,N二甲基丙二胺、改性β-羟乙基三甲胺、十六胺聚氧丙烯醚三类物质进行复配,制备一种原油脱氯剂。当此三类物质相应的比例分别为20%,79%,1%时,原油中的有机氯化物脱除效果最佳。实验室评价结果表明,当此种脱氯剂加入量为50μg/g,通过电脱盐脱水过程,可以将原油有机氯脱除85%以上,大幅度降低塔顶冷凝水的氯离子含量,脱除有机氯的效果明显。该原油脱氯剂,操作费用低,且无毒无害,使用前景广阔。 展开更多
关键词 原油 脱氯剂 有机氯 电脱盐
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Assessment of Pesticide Contamination in Cidade Dos Meninos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Using Regional Screening Levels (RSL)
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作者 Deiwid Ferreira Gomes Nilce Ortiz Sabine Neusatz Guilhen 《Journal of Environmental Protection》 2023年第11期889-902,共14页
In the mid-20th century, the Malaria Institute in Brazil researched hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and other organochlorines in Cidade dos Meninos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. After Ma... In the mid-20th century, the Malaria Institute in Brazil researched hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and other organochlorines in Cidade dos Meninos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. After Malaria Institute closure, there was a 200-ton stock of chemicals compounds abandoned without any surveillance, which led to massive contamination of the nearby community by carcinogenic organochlorines. This article presents a new review of the Cidade dos Meninos’ case, analyzing the HCH and DDT contamination using a Haddon Matrix and Regional Screening Levels (RSL). 展开更多
关键词 organochlorines DDT HCH Cidade Dos Meninos CONTAMINATION Environmental Chemistry Haddon Matrix RSL
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1024份果蔬农药残留状况监测 被引量:6
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作者 秦珑 杨梦祺 +2 位作者 王建营 姜德全 曹巧玲 《实用预防医学》 CAS 2011年第12期2315-2316,共2页
目的掌握蔬菜水果中农药残留水平,为安全食用提供科学依据。方法定期采样共计1 024份,按本实验室的方法检测有机磷、有机氯和拟除虫菊酯类农药残留水平,依据GB2763-2005进行评价。结果有机磷类农药检出率为30.76%,超标2.86%;有机氯类农... 目的掌握蔬菜水果中农药残留水平,为安全食用提供科学依据。方法定期采样共计1 024份,按本实验室的方法检测有机磷、有机氯和拟除虫菊酯类农药残留水平,依据GB2763-2005进行评价。结果有机磷类农药检出率为30.76%,超标2.86%;有机氯类农药检出率为15.23%,无超标;拟除虫菊酯类农药检出率为40.23%,超标1.94%。结论各种农药在蔬菜中使用非常普遍,应采取综合措施,严把农药采购关,选择低毒种类农药,从根本上做到"从土壤到餐桌"的安全。 展开更多
关键词 蔬菜水果 农药残留 有机磷 有机氯 拟除虫菊酯
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加速溶剂提取-气相色谱法同时测定土壤中的22种有机氯和有机磷农药 被引量:6
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作者 肖刚 《岩矿测试》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2012年第6期1033-1036,共4页
我国环境污染调查评价测试项目中开展了大量有关土壤中有机氯及有机磷农药残留的测定工作,多种有机污染物同时分析测试的方法是研究的新热点。本文以正己烷-丙酮(体积比1∶1)为提取剂,采用加速溶剂提取,毛细管柱气相色谱法测定土壤中六... 我国环境污染调查评价测试项目中开展了大量有关土壤中有机氯及有机磷农药残留的测定工作,多种有机污染物同时分析测试的方法是研究的新热点。本文以正己烷-丙酮(体积比1∶1)为提取剂,采用加速溶剂提取,毛细管柱气相色谱法测定土壤中六氯苯等9种有机氯及敌敌畏等13种有机磷农药残留。方法回收率为79.1%~107.7%,相对标准偏差为3.62%~9.94%(n=7),检出限为0.02~0.45μg/kg。本方法将两类农药同时提取且实现了各组分的完全分离,拓展了方法的适用范围,与传统的超声提取和索氏提取法相比,提取时间缩短至20 min,提取溶剂体积降至50 mL,缩短了分析时间,降低了成本,精密度和回收率能够满足全国环境污染调查评价的需要。 展开更多
关键词 土壤 有机氯农药 有机磷农药 加速溶剂提取 气相色谱法
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南太湖区域表层沉积物中有机氯化合物及重金属污染现状 被引量:6
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作者 曹源 仇雁翎 +7 位作者 杨晓红 李力 朱志良 赵建夫 程炳宏 陈江 张海燕 姚玉鑫 《湖泊科学》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2011年第4期561-567,共7页
对南太湖水域表层沉积物中的19种有机氯化合物及6种重金属的含量、分布及其生态风险进行了研究和评价.所测样品中有机氯农药(OCPs)和多氯联苯(PCBs)含量范围分别为0.51-4.98、1.49-15.15ng/g(dw),与国内其它水域沉积物中OCPs、PCBs的含... 对南太湖水域表层沉积物中的19种有机氯化合物及6种重金属的含量、分布及其生态风险进行了研究和评价.所测样品中有机氯农药(OCPs)和多氯联苯(PCBs)含量范围分别为0.51-4.98、1.49-15.15ng/g(dw),与国内其它水域沉积物中OCPs、PCBs的含量相比处于较低水平.OCPs中的主要污染物是α-六六六,PCBs中含量最高的是八氯联苯CB194和三氯联苯CB28.所采沉积物样品中6种重金属的含量水平分别为Cu:14.4-79.7mg/kg、Zn:69.3-214mg/kg、Cr:65.0-99.5mg/kg、Ni:24.8-48.7mg/kg、Pb:12.3-39.2mg/kg及Cd:0.015-0.563mg/kg.用风险评估低值(ERL)和风险评估中值(ERM)对有机氯化合物进行了生态风险效应评价,发现所测沉积物中滴滴涕(DDTs)的值90%处于ERL值以下,γ-六六六与PCBs的值100%小于ERL.利用潜在生态危害指数法对研究区沉积物进行生态危害评价,结果表明,沉积物中重金属的生态危害程度都较小,单项生态危害指数相对较高的重金属是Cd,各采样点中XMK-0重金属的潜在生态危害相对较高.总体而言,南太湖表层沉积物中上述有机氯化合物和重金属的含量水平较低,未对生态构成严重威胁.但考虑到这两类污染物的生物积累性和毒性,仍需注意预防此类污染. 展开更多
关键词 南太湖 沉积物 有机氯化合物 重金属 风险评价
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Effect of pesticides on phosphorylation of tau protein,and its influence on Alzheimer’s disease
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作者 Erandis D Torres-Sánchez Genaro G Ortiz +2 位作者 Emmanuel Reyes-Uribe Juan H Torres-Jasso Joel Salazar-Flores 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2023年第24期5628-5642,共15页
Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a progressive and neurodegenerative illness which results in alterations in cognitive development.It is characterized by loss/dysfunction of cholinergic neurons,and formation of amyloid plaq... Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a progressive and neurodegenerative illness which results in alterations in cognitive development.It is characterized by loss/dysfunction of cholinergic neurons,and formation of amyloid plaques,and formation of neurofibrillary tangles,among other changes,due to hyperphosphorylation of tau-protein.Exposure to pesticides in humans occurs frequently due to contact with contaminated food,water,or particles.Organochlorines,organophosphates,carbamates,pyrethroids and neonicotinoids are associated with the most diagnosed incidents of severe cognitive impairment.The aim of this study was to determine the effects of these pesticides on the phosphorylation of tau protein,and its cognitive implications in the development of AD.It was found that exposure to pesticides increased the phosphorylation of tau protein at sites Ser198,Ser199,Ser202,Thr205,Ser396 and Ser404.Contact with these chemicals altered the enzymatic activities of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta,and protein phosphatase-2A.Moreover,it altered the expression of the microtubule associated protein tau gene,and changed levels of intracellular calcium.These changes affected tau protein phosphorylation and neuroinflammation,and also increased oxidative stress.In addition,the exposed subjects had poor level of performance in tests that involved evaluation of novelty,as test on verbal,non-verbal,spatial memory,attention,and problem-solving skills. 展开更多
关键词 organochlorines Organophosphates CARBAMATES PYRETHROIDS NEONICOTINOIDS Tau protein
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Determination of Pesticide Residues in Soils of Cotton Farming Areas in Togo
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作者 Diyakadola Dihéénane Bafai Sanonka Tchegueni +3 位作者 Magnoudéwa B. Bodjona Moursalou Koriko Gado Tchangbedji Georges Merlina 《Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment》 CAS 2022年第4期285-295,共11页
The main cash crop in Togo is cotton, with about 70% of agricultural exports. This crop is very dependent on the use of chemical inputs, in particular pesticides. Pesticides used in cotton farming in Togo include orga... The main cash crop in Togo is cotton, with about 70% of agricultural exports. This crop is very dependent on the use of chemical inputs, in particular pesticides. Pesticides used in cotton farming in Togo include organochlorines, triazines, organophosphates and pyrethroids. We conducted a study on the impact of these pesticide use, in particular organochlorines and triazines, on cotton farming soils. We chose the Plateaux region (southern Togo) as the study area because of its high cotton production. Analysis was carried out on crop soil samples at the 0 - 20 cm horizon. Several pesticide residues were found: simazine (0.051 to 0.103 μg/Kg soil);atrazine (0.149 to 0.197 μg/Kg soil);lindane (0.259 to 0.672 μg/Kg soil);β-endosulfan (1.37 to 5.727 μg/Kg soil);dieldrin (0.063 to 1.16 μg/Kg soil);endrin (0.512 μg/Kg soil), Heptachlor (0.489 to 1.243 μg/Kg soil);Heptachlor epoxide (0.928 to 1.633 μg/Kg soil);[2,4'DDT] (0.257 μg/Kg soil);[4,4'DDE] (0.262 μg/Kg soil). These results show pesticide contamination of cotton farming soils. 展开更多
关键词 PESTICIDES SOILS Residues organochlorines TRIAZINES
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Eco-Toxicological Approach as a Contribution to Integrated Water Management on Okpara Dam at Kpassa in Benin: Evaluation of Contamination of Fish and Surface Water by Organochlorine Pesticides
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作者 Rafatou Fofana Constant Labintan +3 位作者 Daouda Mama Christophe Kaki Abel Afouda Come Linsoussi 《Journal of Water Resource and Protection》 2014年第14期1268-1275,共8页
The paper explores the degree of pollution of organochlorine pesticides in fish and water in the dam at Kpassa on a tributary of Okpara River that is pumped by Benin National Water agency (SONEB) in supplying drinking... The paper explores the degree of pollution of organochlorine pesticides in fish and water in the dam at Kpassa on a tributary of Okpara River that is pumped by Benin National Water agency (SONEB) in supplying drinking water to supply the city of Parakou. Doing so, fourteen parameters of organochlorine are analyzed. Most of obtain organoclorine concentration in water and fish below is indicated critical values. However, DDT and endrine concentration in water is slightly above legal tolerable values. Hexachlorobenen and dieldrine concentrations are three times higher than legal limit value while aldrine is ten times higher. However, heptachlore is double concentrated in fishery while aldrine (endrine, dieldrine aldrine, lindane, hexachloro-benzene, DDT) is found in the dam fish and surface water three times concentrated than tolerated value. These levels of concentrations result from the intensification of organoclorine pesticide used in agriculture especially in cotton production. These are caused by the chemical application accumulated in soil and through the food value chain system. Therefore, it is very important to extract sediment from the reservoir by dredging in oder to renew the ecosystem of the dam. To persistently manage the basin water resources, it is imperatively important to observe a significant behaviour changed from all stakeholders. 展开更多
关键词 WATER Pollution organochlorines Kpassa DAM Nanon Basin Integrated WATER Resources Management
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Pesticide Biomonitoring in Florida Agricultural Workers
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作者 Giffe T. Johnson Steve Morris +2 位作者 James D. McCluskey Ping Xu Raymond D. Harbison 《Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine》 2014年第2期30-38,共9页
This descriptive study evaluates the blood serum levels of relevant pesticides in fern/ornamental and tomato agricultural workers in central and south Florida whose work activity is related to pesticide application or... This descriptive study evaluates the blood serum levels of relevant pesticides in fern/ornamental and tomato agricultural workers in central and south Florida whose work activity is related to pesticide application or crop maintenance. The objectives of this study are to broadly evaluate pesticide absorption in agricultural workers, assess personal protective equipment (PPE) use and their potential relevance to pesticide absorption, and to evaluate the feasibility of using primary biomonitoring as a method of exposure assessment for long-term epidemiological investigations. Three rounds of sampling were conducted where 41 subjects provided serum samples analyzed for individual pesticides and responded to a survey regarding PPE use. Serum samples yielded quantifiable detections of DDE, Methiocarb, Malathion, Chlorpyrifos, and Endosulfan in select subjects. The personal protective equipment survey did not demonstrate association with positive serum samples. These results demonstrate that the evaluated workers are effectively protected against exposures known to result in acute toxicity. Biomonitoring for parent compounds and primary metabolites may have limited utility in long-term epidemiological studies to evaluate chronic toxicity where workers are exposed to a great diversity of workplace chemicals (fern/or- namental workers) compared to agricultural sectors where workplace chemical diversity is more limited (tomato workers). 展开更多
关键词 PESTICIDE BIOMONITORING Organophosphates organochlorines WORKER EXPOSURE
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Assessment of Lindane and Atrazine Residues in Maize Produced in Ghana Using Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector (GC-ECD) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)
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作者 Elvis D. Miensah Joseph R. Fianko Sam Adu-Kumi 《Journal of Environmental Protection》 2015年第10期1105-1117,共13页
Maize is consumed by over 95% of the Ghanaian populace and the practice of using Atrazine and Lindane (an Organochlorine) pesticides in its production has raised concerns about potential adverse effects on human healt... Maize is consumed by over 95% of the Ghanaian populace and the practice of using Atrazine and Lindane (an Organochlorine) pesticides in its production has raised concerns about potential adverse effects on human health and the environment. A field survey was conducted in this study to assess farmers’ knowledge of safe handling and use of these chemicals as well as toxicity awareness and symptoms among farmers and traders. Residues of these pesticides in maize samples as well as the potential health risk associated with exposure to them were also evaluated. Composite maize samples were collected for nine of ten regions in Ghana and analyzed. Data obtained from the field survey indicate that a large proportion of farmers are at risk of pesticide poisoning through occupational exposure. Over 80% of applicators do not apply safety precautions during pesticide mixing and application;resulting in considerable prevalence of pesticide related illnesses in the study area. Residues of Lindane and atrazine were below detection limits of 0.005 mg/kg and 0.010 mg/kg respectively;except in the Ashanti region where atrazine was 0.05 mg/kg which was within the EU-MRL of 0.1 mg/kg. However, minute concentrations of other Organochlorines (endrin—0.007 mg/kg;heptachlor—0.023 mg/kg;alpha-endosulfan—0.013 mg/kg) were found in maize samples from Brong Ahafo, eastern, central and upper west regions. Though endrin and alpha-endosulfan were below the EU-MRL of 0.01 mg/kg and 0.10 mg/kg respectively, heptachlor was slightly above the EU-MRL of 0.01 mg/kg. The estimated dose for all these pesticides however does not pose direct hazard to human health although present in the maize samples since the values were lower than toxic thresholds and reference doses. However, due to the unsafe application practices by applicators, there exists a potential risk for systemic and carcinogenic health effects by these chemicals in the study area. 展开更多
关键词 Ghana LINDANE ATRAZINE organochlorines Health Risk
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Impact of Pesticides Contamination on Nutritional Values of Marinefishery from Karachi Coast of Arabian Sea
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作者 Hina Ahsan Nasim Karim +2 位作者 Syed Sanwer Ali Alia B. Munshi Sohail Shaukat 《Food and Nutrition Sciences》 2013年第9期924-932,共9页
The present study explores the chemical and economic aspects of pesticide contamination of marinefishery in relation to nutritional values Marine Pollution of pesticides poses signify can tricks to the environment and... The present study explores the chemical and economic aspects of pesticide contamination of marinefishery in relation to nutritional values Marine Pollution of pesticides poses signify can tricks to the environment and non-target organisms ranging from beneficial marine micro organisms, to insects, seaweeds, fish, and mangroves at Karachi Coast. Fish typically contains good quality nutrition, particularly oily fish has maximum commercial values but contamination of fishery is the major problem caused by pesticides and PCBs pollution resulting in serious health hazards. A number of fish and shell fish samples were analyzed for determination of pesticides contamination due to marine environment pollution. It was found that most pesticides pose risk to humans, fishery or the environment because they are designed to kill or adversely affect living organisms. Quantitative analysis of pesticides and PCBs was performed using GC equipped with ECD and the FPD for organophosphorus and GC-MS. The arithmetic mean concentrations of each pesticide were calculated and statistical evaluation was done. Relationship of protein and pesticides level has been determined to determine impact of pesticide on protein content of each type of fish. There is a considerable difference found in the pesticides contents of each type of fishery, which reveals that environmental pollution status that attributes towards pesticides distribution. 展开更多
关键词 organochlorines CONTAMINATION LIPIDS FISHES GC and GC-MS NUTRITIONAL Values
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淀山湖水生生物中有机氯化合物的浓度与富集特征 被引量:2
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作者 魏玲霞 周轶慧 +3 位作者 王莹 仇雁翎 朱志良 赵建夫 《长江流域资源与环境》 CAS CSSCI CSCD 北大核心 2015年第1期128-134,共7页
为研究淀山湖水生生物中有机氯化合物的浓度与富集特征,测定了该湖水生生物样品(铜锈环棱螺、日本沼虾、鱼类)中滴滴涕(DDTs)、六六六(HCHs)、六氯苯(HCB)、多氯联苯(PCBs)的浓度。研究结果显示,在所有生物样品中均检测到了D... 为研究淀山湖水生生物中有机氯化合物的浓度与富集特征,测定了该湖水生生物样品(铜锈环棱螺、日本沼虾、鱼类)中滴滴涕(DDTs)、六六六(HCHs)、六氯苯(HCB)、多氯联苯(PCBs)的浓度。研究结果显示,在所有生物样品中均检测到了DDTs、HCHs、HCB,各生物体内的有机氯农药含量有很大差异。在8种生物样品中,乌鳢体内的有机氯化合物含量最高,这可能与乌鳢处于较高营养级,且为肉食性鱼类,体内脂肪较多有关。∑DDTs、∑HCHs、HCB的含量范围分别是55~1 135、0.5~24、6.9~91ng/g lw,其中DDTs为最主要的有机氯农药。4,4’-DDE和α-HCH在各自同系物中所占比例最高,说明淀山湖历史上曾经使用过有机氯农药,而近期没有新的污染源输入。以铜锈环棱螺为参照,有机氯农药的生物放大系数(BMFs)范围是1.2(泥鳅)~23(乌鳢);PCBs的生物放大系数范围是5.9(河川沙塘鳢)~55(乌鳢)。亲脂疏水性、低生化降解速率导致有机氯化合物能在生物组织中富集并通过食物链逐级放大。研究结果表明,有机氯化合物会沿着食物链积累放大,可能会对人体健康存在潜在的威胁。 展开更多
关键词 淀山湖 水生生物 有机氯化合物 富集 放大
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Environmental toxicant-induced maladaptive mitochondrial changes:A potential unifying mechanism in fatty liver disease? 被引量:1
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作者 Regina D.Schnegelberger Anna L.Lang +1 位作者 Gavin E.Arteel Juliane I.Beier 《Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第12期3756-3767,共12页
Occupational and environmental exposures to industrial chemicals are well known to cause hepatotoxicity and liver injury.However,despite extensive evidence showing that exposure can lead to disease,current research ap... Occupational and environmental exposures to industrial chemicals are well known to cause hepatotoxicity and liver injury.However,despite extensive evidence showing that exposure can lead to disease,current research approaches and regulatory policies fail to address the possibility that subtle changes caused by low level exposure to chemicals may also enhance preexisting conditions.In recent years,the conceptual understanding of the contribution of environmental chemicals to liver disease has progressed significantly.Mitochondria are often target of toxicity of environmental toxicants resulting in multisystem disorders involving different cells,tissues,and organs.Here,we review persistent maladaptive changes to mitochondria in response to environmental toxicant exposure as a mechanism of hepatotoxicity.With better understanding of the mechanism(s) and risk factors that mediate the initiation and progression of toxicant-induced liver disease,rational targeted therapy can be developed to better predict risk,as well as to treat or prevent this disease. 展开更多
关键词 organochlorines Metals Persistent organic pollutants TASH Liver disease HEPATOTOXICITY Mitochondrial maladaptation Mitohormesis
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磷酸处理-气相色谱法测定含硫蔬菜中的多种有机氯及拟除虫菊酯类农药残留 被引量:20
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作者 潘玉香 董静 +2 位作者 朱莉萍 孙军 张靖 《分析科学学报》 CAS CSCD 2007年第5期575-578,共4页
建立了含硫蔬菜(青葱、洋葱、大蒜、蒜苔、韭菜等)中多种有机氯和拟除虫菊酯类农药残留的测定方法。采用10%磷酸处理含硫蔬菜,去除含硫化合物的干扰,再用1:1的丙酮-正己烷提取,加入2%的硫酸钠溶液用正己烷进行液液分配,提取液... 建立了含硫蔬菜(青葱、洋葱、大蒜、蒜苔、韭菜等)中多种有机氯和拟除虫菊酯类农药残留的测定方法。采用10%磷酸处理含硫蔬菜,去除含硫化合物的干扰,再用1:1的丙酮-正己烷提取,加入2%的硫酸钠溶液用正己烷进行液液分配,提取液用硅镁吸附剂层析柱净化,用气相色谱-电子俘获检测器检测。样品加标回收率在78.0%~97.8%之间,相对标准偏差在3.0%~9.6%之间。该方法的检出限为有机氯农药0.001mg/kg,联苯菊酯、甲氰菊酯和三氟氯氰菊酯为0.002mg/kg,其余五种拟除虫菊酯类农药0.005mg/kg。 展开更多
关键词 磷酸处理 有机氯及拟除虫菊酯类农药残留 含硫蔬菜 气相色谱
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