提出一种含分布式电源的配电网潮流可行解调节方法。在配电网进行无功控制分区的基础上,定义了配电网分区负载率,然后设计考虑电压自动控制系统AVC站配协调控制的无功平衡优化调节方法。具体包含:配电网无功补偿分区平衡优化调节方法和...提出一种含分布式电源的配电网潮流可行解调节方法。在配电网进行无功控制分区的基础上,定义了配电网分区负载率,然后设计考虑电压自动控制系统AVC站配协调控制的无功平衡优化调节方法。具体包含:配电网无功补偿分区平衡优化调节方法和变电站AVC站配协调调节方法,并且在调节过程中前者优先于后者。对于前者模型采用免疫遗传算法进行求解,对于后者采用直接法进行计算。所提方法通过对配变低压侧无功补偿柜、分布式电源进行无功补偿分区平衡和变电站AVC的电压协调控制,调节出无功分区平衡、各个节点电压满足合格要求、有功网损较低的潮流可行解。成都某实际10 k V 55节点配电网的仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。展开更多
Anthropogenic revegetation is an effective way to control soil erosion and restore degraded ecosystems in China's northwest drylands(NWD).However,excessive vegetation cover expansion has long been known to increas...Anthropogenic revegetation is an effective way to control soil erosion and restore degraded ecosystems in China's northwest drylands(NWD).However,excessive vegetation cover expansion has long been known to increase evapotranspiration,leading to reduced local water availability,which can in turn threaten the health and services of restored ecosystems.Determining the optimal vegetation coverage(OVC)is critical for balancing the trade-off between plant growth and water consumption in water-stressed areas,yet quantitative assessments over the entire NWD are still lacking.In this study,a modified Biome BioGeochemical Cycles(Biome-BGC)model was used to simulate the long-term(1961–2020)dynamics of actual evapotranspiration(ET_(a)),net primary productivity(NPP),and leaf area index(LAI)for the dominant non-native tree(R.pseudoacacia and P.sylvestris)and shrub(C.korshinkii and H.rhamnoides)species at 246 meteorological sites over NWD.The modified model incorporated the Richards equation to simulate transient unsaturated water flow in a multilayer soil module,and both soil and eco-physiological parameters required by the model were validated using field-observed ETadata for each species.Spatial distributions of OVC(given by the mean maximum LAI,LAI_(max))for the dominant species were determined within three hydrogeomorphic sub-areas(i.e.,the loess hilly-gully sub-area,the windy and sandy sub-area,and the desert sub-area).The modified Biome-BGC model performed well in terms of simulating ET_(a) dynamics for the four plant species.Spatial distributions of mean ET_a,NPP,and LAI_(max)generally exhibited patterns similar to mean annual precipitation(MAP).In the loess hilly-gully sub-area(MAP:210 to 710 mm),the OVC respectively ranged from 1.7 to 2.9 and 0.8 to 2.9 for R.pseudoacacia and H.rhamnoides.In the windy and sandy sub-area(MAP:135 to 500 mm),the OVC ranged from 0.3 to 3.3,0.5 to 2.6 and 0.6 to 2.1for P.sylvestris,C.korshinkii and H.rhamnoides,respectively.In the desert sub-area(MAP:90 to 500 mm),the OVC ranged from 0.4展开更多
It is the fact that several process parameters are either unknown or uncertain. Therefore, an optimal control, profile calculated with developed process models with respect to such process parameters may not give an o...It is the fact that several process parameters are either unknown or uncertain. Therefore, an optimal control, profile calculated with developed process models with respect to such process parameters may not give an optimal performance when implemented to real processes. This study proposes a batch-to-batch optimization strategy for the estimation of uncertain kinetic.par.ameters in a batch crystallization process of potassium sulfate production. The knowledge of a crystal size distribution of the product at the end of batch operation is used in the proposed methodology. The updated kinetic parameters are applied for determining an optimal operating temperature policy for the next batch run.展开更多
药物不良反应(adverse drug reaction,ADR)是导致患者住院的常见原因并造成高额的社会成本。由于避免ADR的边际成本是递增的,因此从经济学的角度来看,ADR的发生率不是最小化而是最优化问题,是在成本与效益之间找到最优平衡的问题,本文对...药物不良反应(adverse drug reaction,ADR)是导致患者住院的常见原因并造成高额的社会成本。由于避免ADR的边际成本是递增的,因此从经济学的角度来看,ADR的发生率不是最小化而是最优化问题,是在成本与效益之间找到最优平衡的问题,本文对ADR发生率的最优平衡点和相关的制度作了探讨。展开更多
文摘提出一种含分布式电源的配电网潮流可行解调节方法。在配电网进行无功控制分区的基础上,定义了配电网分区负载率,然后设计考虑电压自动控制系统AVC站配协调控制的无功平衡优化调节方法。具体包含:配电网无功补偿分区平衡优化调节方法和变电站AVC站配协调调节方法,并且在调节过程中前者优先于后者。对于前者模型采用免疫遗传算法进行求解,对于后者采用直接法进行计算。所提方法通过对配变低压侧无功补偿柜、分布式电源进行无功补偿分区平衡和变电站AVC的电压协调控制,调节出无功分区平衡、各个节点电压满足合格要求、有功网损较低的潮流可行解。成都某实际10 k V 55节点配电网的仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42022048&42107335)the Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the PRC(Grant No.2022xjkk0904)+2 种基金the project“CERN Long-term Observation Data Mining and Annual Data Report”(Grant No.KFJ-SW-YW043)the Xinyang Academy of Ecological Research Open Foundation(Grant No.2023XYQN12)the Nanhu Scholars Program for Young Scholars of XYNU。
文摘Anthropogenic revegetation is an effective way to control soil erosion and restore degraded ecosystems in China's northwest drylands(NWD).However,excessive vegetation cover expansion has long been known to increase evapotranspiration,leading to reduced local water availability,which can in turn threaten the health and services of restored ecosystems.Determining the optimal vegetation coverage(OVC)is critical for balancing the trade-off between plant growth and water consumption in water-stressed areas,yet quantitative assessments over the entire NWD are still lacking.In this study,a modified Biome BioGeochemical Cycles(Biome-BGC)model was used to simulate the long-term(1961–2020)dynamics of actual evapotranspiration(ET_(a)),net primary productivity(NPP),and leaf area index(LAI)for the dominant non-native tree(R.pseudoacacia and P.sylvestris)and shrub(C.korshinkii and H.rhamnoides)species at 246 meteorological sites over NWD.The modified model incorporated the Richards equation to simulate transient unsaturated water flow in a multilayer soil module,and both soil and eco-physiological parameters required by the model were validated using field-observed ETadata for each species.Spatial distributions of OVC(given by the mean maximum LAI,LAI_(max))for the dominant species were determined within three hydrogeomorphic sub-areas(i.e.,the loess hilly-gully sub-area,the windy and sandy sub-area,and the desert sub-area).The modified Biome-BGC model performed well in terms of simulating ET_(a) dynamics for the four plant species.Spatial distributions of mean ET_a,NPP,and LAI_(max)generally exhibited patterns similar to mean annual precipitation(MAP).In the loess hilly-gully sub-area(MAP:210 to 710 mm),the OVC respectively ranged from 1.7 to 2.9 and 0.8 to 2.9 for R.pseudoacacia and H.rhamnoides.In the windy and sandy sub-area(MAP:135 to 500 mm),the OVC ranged from 0.3 to 3.3,0.5 to 2.6 and 0.6 to 2.1for P.sylvestris,C.korshinkii and H.rhamnoides,respectively.In the desert sub-area(MAP:90 to 500 mm),the OVC ranged from 0.4
文摘It is the fact that several process parameters are either unknown or uncertain. Therefore, an optimal control, profile calculated with developed process models with respect to such process parameters may not give an optimal performance when implemented to real processes. This study proposes a batch-to-batch optimization strategy for the estimation of uncertain kinetic.par.ameters in a batch crystallization process of potassium sulfate production. The knowledge of a crystal size distribution of the product at the end of batch operation is used in the proposed methodology. The updated kinetic parameters are applied for determining an optimal operating temperature policy for the next batch run.
文摘药物不良反应(adverse drug reaction,ADR)是导致患者住院的常见原因并造成高额的社会成本。由于避免ADR的边际成本是递增的,因此从经济学的角度来看,ADR的发生率不是最小化而是最优化问题,是在成本与效益之间找到最优平衡的问题,本文对ADR发生率的最优平衡点和相关的制度作了探讨。
