传统城市水资源管理中给水、雨水及污水的收集、处理、利用往往各自为政,在当前自然环境几乎完全被改变的情况下,这种水资源管理方式明显带有不可持续性的特点。因此,现有城市水资源管理系统亟待规模性、综合性完善,以满足"未来的...传统城市水资源管理中给水、雨水及污水的收集、处理、利用往往各自为政,在当前自然环境几乎完全被改变的情况下,这种水资源管理方式明显带有不可持续性的特点。因此,现有城市水资源管理系统亟待规模性、综合性完善,以满足"未来的城市(Cities of the Future:COTF)"朝着更加可持续的方向发展。近年来,国际上正积极倡导COTF发展模式,并由此提出了水及相关资源可持续利用之基础设施的概念与理论。将给水、雨水、污水及其所含资源与能源综合管理,形成一种更加合理、有效的可持续性系统已经成为COTF基础设施建设的重要发展目标。这种"三水合一"的系统可原位(On-site)实现持续性给水、雨水利用、污水再生回用以及污水所含营养元素与能源的回收,使得整个水资源使用过程中化学物质与能源消耗量最低,甚至逼近"碳中和(Carbonneutral)"目标。首先,介绍城市水与资源综合管理系统目标及组成部分;其次,综述并讨论这一概念下实施计划的研发进展和成功范例;最后,指出加速城市水与资源综合管理系统实现时应注意的管理与技术问题。展开更多
Sustainable development using wastes as resources is a new paradigm. Chicken manure contains rich amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus and has been used as crop fertilizer. However, little is known about whether nutrien...Sustainable development using wastes as resources is a new paradigm. Chicken manure contains rich amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus and has been used as crop fertilizer. However, little is known about whether nutrients of chicken manure are suitable and efficient to support the rapid growth of microalgae. In this study, we explore the possibility of using nutrient extracted from chicken manure to grow microalgae. We used an algal strain Scenedesmus sp. HTB1, which is an oleaginous species with high CO2 tolerance capability. The growth performance of HTB1 on various media amended with nutrient extracted from three different chicken manure sources was monitored and compared to the growth rate of HTB1 grown in the standard medium BG11. Meanwhile, the changes of total nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), both organic and inorganic, were measured during the growth period. Culture media enriched with the nutrient extracted from two chicken manure sources outperformed the standard culture medium BG11 in terms of algal biomass production. When cultivated with manure nutrient, HTB1 utilized inorganic N efficiently, but consumed very little organic N during the experimental growth period. However, HTB1 was able to utilize both organic and inorganic phosphorus. We demonstrate that nutrient extracted from chicken manure support rapid growth and high biomass yield in microalgae?Scenedesmus obliquus?HTB1. Therefore chicken manure holds great promise to be used as a cost-effective and efficient fertilizer for large-scale production of microalgae.展开更多
文摘传统城市水资源管理中给水、雨水及污水的收集、处理、利用往往各自为政,在当前自然环境几乎完全被改变的情况下,这种水资源管理方式明显带有不可持续性的特点。因此,现有城市水资源管理系统亟待规模性、综合性完善,以满足"未来的城市(Cities of the Future:COTF)"朝着更加可持续的方向发展。近年来,国际上正积极倡导COTF发展模式,并由此提出了水及相关资源可持续利用之基础设施的概念与理论。将给水、雨水、污水及其所含资源与能源综合管理,形成一种更加合理、有效的可持续性系统已经成为COTF基础设施建设的重要发展目标。这种"三水合一"的系统可原位(On-site)实现持续性给水、雨水利用、污水再生回用以及污水所含营养元素与能源的回收,使得整个水资源使用过程中化学物质与能源消耗量最低,甚至逼近"碳中和(Carbonneutral)"目标。首先,介绍城市水与资源综合管理系统目标及组成部分;其次,综述并讨论这一概念下实施计划的研发进展和成功范例;最后,指出加速城市水与资源综合管理系统实现时应注意的管理与技术问题。
文摘Sustainable development using wastes as resources is a new paradigm. Chicken manure contains rich amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus and has been used as crop fertilizer. However, little is known about whether nutrients of chicken manure are suitable and efficient to support the rapid growth of microalgae. In this study, we explore the possibility of using nutrient extracted from chicken manure to grow microalgae. We used an algal strain Scenedesmus sp. HTB1, which is an oleaginous species with high CO2 tolerance capability. The growth performance of HTB1 on various media amended with nutrient extracted from three different chicken manure sources was monitored and compared to the growth rate of HTB1 grown in the standard medium BG11. Meanwhile, the changes of total nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), both organic and inorganic, were measured during the growth period. Culture media enriched with the nutrient extracted from two chicken manure sources outperformed the standard culture medium BG11 in terms of algal biomass production. When cultivated with manure nutrient, HTB1 utilized inorganic N efficiently, but consumed very little organic N during the experimental growth period. However, HTB1 was able to utilize both organic and inorganic phosphorus. We demonstrate that nutrient extracted from chicken manure support rapid growth and high biomass yield in microalgae?Scenedesmus obliquus?HTB1. Therefore chicken manure holds great promise to be used as a cost-effective and efficient fertilizer for large-scale production of microalgae.
