为了实现复杂地形下高分辨率风场的数值模拟及特征分析,采用中尺度气象模式WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting M odel)结合牛顿松弛逼近Nudging资料同化技术,实现哈密地区水平分辨率1 km的近地层风场数值模拟计算。基于模拟区域测...为了实现复杂地形下高分辨率风场的数值模拟及特征分析,采用中尺度气象模式WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting M odel)结合牛顿松弛逼近Nudging资料同化技术,实现哈密地区水平分辨率1 km的近地层风场数值模拟计算。基于模拟区域测风塔实测数据的对比检验发现,同化观测资料后风速风向的模拟结果均与实测更加接近,70 m高度风速模拟结果的绝对误差降低0. 25 m·s^(-1),同化后的模拟结果可以较好的修正风速较小时模拟值偏高和风速较大时模拟值偏小的问题,同时风廓线的模拟结果也与实测更加吻合。通过分析哈密复杂地形下水平分辨率1 km逐10 min风场输出结果发现:(1)哈密地区地形比较复杂,风速平面分布差异很大,4月份风速较大区域主要分布在山北地区和西部山南垭口附近,而7月份风速较大区域则位于西部的山坳南部和北部地区;(2)复杂地形下风速较小时风速为负切变,且平均风速越小负切变值越大,地形越复杂负切变值越大;风速较大即使是复杂地形下同样为正切变,但是正切变值比平坦地区的值要小,平坦地形下风速越大正切变值越大;(3)哈密地区复杂地形下,风速12～25 m·s^(-1)的风速占比在时间和空间上分布差异较大,风速较大的4月份,大部分地区占比达到20%以上,尤其是山北和西部垭口附近,占比甚至达到了50%以上,风速为12～25 m·s^(-1)的情况下80 m高度平均风速比60 m高0. 60～0. 80 m·s^(-1),比月平均风速的垂直变化值要大;(4)风速较大时,风向10 min变化不明显,风速较小时,风向变化值较大,且地形较平坦地区风向变化值较大,地形复杂地区变化值较小;(5)风向的垂直变化与风速大小关系比较明显,风速越小,其垂直变化越大,风向垂直变化的区域分布与地形复杂程度相关,地形越复杂风向的垂直变化值越大。展开更多
The non-hydrostatic mesoscale model MM5V3 is used to simulate the wind andtemperature fields of the atmospheric boundary layer over Beijing area in summer with the meshresolution of 1 km. The simulation results show t...The non-hydrostatic mesoscale model MM5V3 is used to simulate the wind andtemperature fields of the atmospheric boundary layer over Beijing area in summer with the meshresolution of 1 km. The simulation results show that the numerical model can successfully simulatethe urban heat island effect and the wind and temperature fields which are affected by thecomplicated topography and urban heat island. The results show that: (1) the west area (from Haidianto Fengtai Districts) is always the high temperature center of Beijing, where the surfacetemperature is about 6 K higher than the other suburbs; and (2) due to the unique topography thewind of Beijing area during the daytime is southern anabatic wind and at the night is northernkatabatic wind. The results comparing well with the data from surface observation stations validatethe accuracy of the simulation.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Hong Kong under Grant Nos. 40275004,4001161948.
文摘The non-hydrostatic mesoscale model MM5V3 is used to simulate the wind andtemperature fields of the atmospheric boundary layer over Beijing area in summer with the meshresolution of 1 km. The simulation results show that the numerical model can successfully simulatethe urban heat island effect and the wind and temperature fields which are affected by thecomplicated topography and urban heat island. The results show that: (1) the west area (from Haidianto Fengtai Districts) is always the high temperature center of Beijing, where the surfacetemperature is about 6 K higher than the other suburbs; and (2) due to the unique topography thewind of Beijing area during the daytime is southern anabatic wind and at the night is northernkatabatic wind. The results comparing well with the data from surface observation stations validatethe accuracy of the simulation.
