Two rice cultivars(Xiushui 09 and Chunyou 84)were used to evaluate the effects of various soil oxygen(O2)conditions on soil nitrogen(N)transformation,absorption and accumulation in rice plants.The treatments were cont...Two rice cultivars(Xiushui 09 and Chunyou 84)were used to evaluate the effects of various soil oxygen(O2)conditions on soil nitrogen(N)transformation,absorption and accumulation in rice plants.The treatments were continuous flooding(CF),continuous flooding and aeration(CFA),and alternate wetting and drying(AWD).The results showed that the AWD and CFA treatments improved soil N transformation,rice growth,and N absorption and accumulation.Soil NO3–content,nitrification activity and ammonia-oxidising bacteria abundance,leaf area,nitrate reductase activity,and N absorption and accumulation in rice all increased in both cultivars.However,soil microbial biomass carbon and pH did not significantly change during the whole period of rice growth.Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between the nitrification activity and ammonia-oxidising bacteria abundance,and both of them significantly increased as the total N accumulation in rice increased.Our results indicated that improved soil O2 conditions led to changing soil N cycling and contributed to increases in N absorption and accumulation by rice in paddy fields.展开更多
Biological nitrification inhibitors(BNIs)are released from plant roots and inhibit the nitrification activity of microorganisms in soils,reducing NO_(3)^(‒)leaching and N2O emissions,and increasing nitrogenuse efficie...Biological nitrification inhibitors(BNIs)are released from plant roots and inhibit the nitrification activity of microorganisms in soils,reducing NO_(3)^(‒)leaching and N2O emissions,and increasing nitrogenuse efficiency(NUE).Several recent studies have focused on the identification of new BNIs,yet little is known about the genetic loci that govern their biosynthesis and secretion.We applied a combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis to investigate possible biosynthetic pathways and transporters involved in the biosynthesis and release of BNI 1,9-decanediol(1,9-D),which was previously identified in rice root exudates.Our results linked four fatty acids,icosapentaenoic acid,linoleate,norlinolenic acid,and polyhydroxy-α,ω-divarboxylic acid,with 1,9-D biosynthesis and three transporter families,namely the ATP-binding cassette protein family,the multidrug and toxic compound extrusion family,and the major facilitator superfamily,with 1,9-D release from roots into the soil medium.Our finding provided candidates for further work on the genes implicated in the biosynthesis and secretion of 1,9-D and pinpoint genetic loci for crop breeding to improve NUE by enhancing 1,9-D secretion,with the potential to reduce NO_(3)^(‒)leaching and N2O emissions from agricultural soils.展开更多
Based on current research, the characteristics and action mechanism of biological nitrification inhibitors at home and abroad were reviewed by combining with the latest research progress. The application effects of bi...Based on current research, the characteristics and action mechanism of biological nitrification inhibitors at home and abroad were reviewed by combining with the latest research progress. The application effects of biological nitrification inhibitors on agricultural production were summarized. Research hotspot and achievements of biological nitrification inhibitors at home and abroad were summarized. The research direction in future was forecasted.展开更多
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFD300507)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31401343)the National Rice Industry Technology System of China(Grant No.CARS-01-04A).
文摘Two rice cultivars(Xiushui 09 and Chunyou 84)were used to evaluate the effects of various soil oxygen(O2)conditions on soil nitrogen(N)transformation,absorption and accumulation in rice plants.The treatments were continuous flooding(CF),continuous flooding and aeration(CFA),and alternate wetting and drying(AWD).The results showed that the AWD and CFA treatments improved soil N transformation,rice growth,and N absorption and accumulation.Soil NO3–content,nitrification activity and ammonia-oxidising bacteria abundance,leaf area,nitrate reductase activity,and N absorption and accumulation in rice all increased in both cultivars.However,soil microbial biomass carbon and pH did not significantly change during the whole period of rice growth.Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between the nitrification activity and ammonia-oxidising bacteria abundance,and both of them significantly increased as the total N accumulation in rice increased.Our results indicated that improved soil O2 conditions led to changing soil N cycling and contributed to increases in N absorption and accumulation by rice in paddy fields.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32030099 and 32072670)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA28020301)+1 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.2023326)the Enterprise Cooperation Projects of China(Grant No.Am20210407RD).
文摘Biological nitrification inhibitors(BNIs)are released from plant roots and inhibit the nitrification activity of microorganisms in soils,reducing NO_(3)^(‒)leaching and N2O emissions,and increasing nitrogenuse efficiency(NUE).Several recent studies have focused on the identification of new BNIs,yet little is known about the genetic loci that govern their biosynthesis and secretion.We applied a combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis to investigate possible biosynthetic pathways and transporters involved in the biosynthesis and release of BNI 1,9-decanediol(1,9-D),which was previously identified in rice root exudates.Our results linked four fatty acids,icosapentaenoic acid,linoleate,norlinolenic acid,and polyhydroxy-α,ω-divarboxylic acid,with 1,9-D biosynthesis and three transporter families,namely the ATP-binding cassette protein family,the multidrug and toxic compound extrusion family,and the major facilitator superfamily,with 1,9-D release from roots into the soil medium.Our finding provided candidates for further work on the genes implicated in the biosynthesis and secretion of 1,9-D and pinpoint genetic loci for crop breeding to improve NUE by enhancing 1,9-D secretion,with the potential to reduce NO_(3)^(‒)leaching and N2O emissions from agricultural soils.
基金Supported by Tibet Natural Science Foundation(ZJ2014068)School-level Key Project of Tibet Vocational Technical College(2012L07)~~
文摘Based on current research, the characteristics and action mechanism of biological nitrification inhibitors at home and abroad were reviewed by combining with the latest research progress. The application effects of biological nitrification inhibitors on agricultural production were summarized. Research hotspot and achievements of biological nitrification inhibitors at home and abroad were summarized. The research direction in future was forecasted.
