Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia.It is an increasingly serious global health problem and has a significant impact on individuals and society.However,the precise cause of Alzheimer’s disease i...Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia.It is an increasingly serious global health problem and has a significant impact on individuals and society.However,the precise cause of Alzheimer’s disease is still unknown.In this study,11,748 Web-of-Science-indexed manuscripts regarding Alzheimer’s disease,all published from 2015 to 2019,and their 693,938 references were analyzed.A document co-citation network map was drawn using CiteSpace software.Research frontiers and development trends were determined by retrieving subject headings with apparent changing word frequency trends,which can be used to forecast future research developments in Alzheimer’s disease.展开更多
Contemporary pharmacological research has demonstrated that puerarin, the most important phytoestrogen extracted from Pueraria lobata(Willd.) Ohwi, has protecting functions on the cardiovascular system, nervous system...Contemporary pharmacological research has demonstrated that puerarin, the most important phytoestrogen extracted from Pueraria lobata(Willd.) Ohwi, has protecting functions on the cardiovascular system, nervous system, osteoporosis, liver injury, and inflammation in vivo and in vitro. Most of these research studies focused on inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis through regulating various bioactivators and signal pathways. Among these, superoxide dismutase(SOD), endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS) and malondialdehyde(MDA), and PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and NF-κB are of great importance. The data cited in this review were mainly obtained from articles listed in PubMed and Elsevier SDOL published from 1959 to 2013, and the search term used was "puerarin".展开更多
Aim To investigate the protective effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A（HSYA）,a soluble element extracted from Carthamus tinctorius L.,on focal cerebral ischemia in rats.Methods Focal cerebral ischemia in male Wistar-Ky...Aim To investigate the protective effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A（HSYA）,a soluble element extracted from Carthamus tinctorius L.,on focal cerebral ischemia in rats.Methods Focal cerebral ischemia in male Wistar-Kyoto（WKY） rats were induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion（MCAO）.Three doses of 1.5,3.0 and 6.0 mg·kg-1 of HSYA were administrated to three groups of rats,separately,via sublingular vein injection 30 min after the onset of ischemia.24 h after ischemia in rats,neurological deficit scores were evaluated and the infarction area of brain was assessed by quantitative image analysis.The in vitro neuroprotective effect of HSYA was tested in cultured fetal cortical neurons exposed to glutamate and sodium cyanide（NaCN）.Results HSYA at doses of 3.0 and 6.0(mg·kg-1) exerted significant neuroprotective effects on rats with focal cerebral ischemic injury as expressed by neurological deficit scores and reduced the infarct area as compared with saline group,and the potency of HSYA at dose of 6.0 mg·kg-1 was similar to that of 0.2 mg·kg-1 of nimodipine.In vitro studies,HSYA significantly inhibited neurons damage induced by exposure to glutamate and NaCN in cultured fetal cortical cells.Conclusion HSYA has potential neuroprotective action against focal cerebral ischemia in rats and cultured rat fetal cortical neurons as well.展开更多
目的:评估右美托咪啶对老年患者在机器人辅助腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术麻醉苏醒期及术后认知功能的影响。方法:择期行机器人腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术的患者100例,年龄65~80岁,美国麻醉师协会(American Society of Anesthesiologists,ASA)分级...目的:评估右美托咪啶对老年患者在机器人辅助腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术麻醉苏醒期及术后认知功能的影响。方法:择期行机器人腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术的患者100例,年龄65~80岁,美国麻醉师协会(American Society of Anesthesiologists,ASA)分级I^III级,随机双盲分为对照组和右美托咪啶组,每组50例。右美托咪啶组将右美托咪啶以0.8μg/(kg·h)静脉泵注10 min,再以0.3μg/(kg·h)恒速维持至手术结束前30 min;对照组给予生理盐水。气腹建立后,所有患者采用40°Trendelenberg体位。观察记录患者手术结束时(T0)、苏醒时(T1)、拔管即刻(T2)、拔管10 min(T3)四个时间点的平均动脉压、心率、脑电双频指数(bispectral index,BIS)数值;对患者进行Ramsay镇静评分、术毕舒适度评分、术后谵妄分级量表评分和VAS评分;在术前1 d,术后第1天,术后第5天通过6个认知量表评估患者记忆、注意、神经运动反应速度多领域的认知功能测试及术后认知功能障碍(postoperative cognitive dysfunction,POCD)判断;患者于术前1 d,术后1 d,术后5 d采血以检查其神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neuron specific enolase,NSE)、血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)的含量。结果:右美托咪啶组患者在T1和T2时刻平均动脉压、心率比对照组患者降低(P<0.05);与对照组比较,右美托咪啶组患者术后谵妄分级量表评分降低(P<0.05)、Ramsay镇静评分升高(P<0.05);术后1 d对照组17人,右美托咪啶组11人,术后5 d对照组12人,右美托咪啶组9人发生POCD;在术后1 d和术后5 d右美托咪啶组血清TNF-α,NSE,IL-6较对照组明显降低(P<0.05),右美托咪啶组血清SOD较对照组明显升高(P<0.05)。结论:右美托咪啶对老年患者在机器人辅助腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术麻醉苏醒期及术后有神经保护作用,其作用机制可能与右美托咪啶能减轻炎症反应有关。展开更多
Electroacupuncture is known as an effective adjuvant therapy in ischemic cerebrovascular disease. However, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Studies suggest that autophagy, which is essential for cell survival...Electroacupuncture is known as an effective adjuvant therapy in ischemic cerebrovascular disease. However, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Studies suggest that autophagy, which is essential for cell survival and cell death, is involved in cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury and might be modulate by electroacupuncture therapy in key ways. This paper aims to provide novel insights into a therapeutic target of electroacupuncture against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury from the perspective of autophagy. Here we review recent studies on electroacupuncture regulation of autophagy-related markers such as UNC-51-like kinase-1 complex, Beclin1, microtubule-associated protein-1 light chain 3, p62, and autophagosomes for treating cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. The results of these studies show that electroacupuncture may affect the initiation of autophagy, vesicle nucleation, expansion and maturation of autophagosomes, as well as fusion and degradation of autophagolysosomes. Moreover, studies indicate that electroacupuncture probably modulates autophagy by activating the mammalian target of the rapamycin signaling pathway.This review thus indicates that autophagy is a therapeutic target of electroacupuncture treatment against ischemic cerebrovascular diseases.展开更多
目的探讨红景天苷(salidroside,Sal)对大鼠局灶性脑缺血/再灌注损伤的神经保护作用及其机制。方法健康成年♂SD大鼠36只,随机分为3组:假手术组(sham)、模型对照组(MCAO组)、红景天苷给药组(MCAO+Sal组)。通过线栓法制作大鼠局灶性脑缺血...目的探讨红景天苷(salidroside,Sal)对大鼠局灶性脑缺血/再灌注损伤的神经保护作用及其机制。方法健康成年♂SD大鼠36只,随机分为3组:假手术组(sham)、模型对照组(MCAO组)、红景天苷给药组(MCAO+Sal组)。通过线栓法制作大鼠局灶性脑缺血/再灌注损伤模型,Longa评分法对大鼠神经功能损伤评分,焦油紫染色法对神经细胞内尼氏(Nissl)小体染色,RT-q PCR技术检测大鼠缺血侧脑组织Neun、Nogo-A与Ng R m RNA的表达,Western blot法检测大鼠缺血侧脑组织Bcl-2、Neun、BDNF、NGF、Nogo-A与Ng R蛋白的表达。结果与MCAO组比较,红景天苷能明显降低神经功能损伤,增加Nissl阳性细胞的数量,促进Bcl-2、Neun、NGF、BDNF的蛋白表达,降低Nogo-A及其受体Ng R的m RNA及蛋白表达。结论红景天苷能够降低MCAO模型大鼠神经功能损伤,增加Nissl阳性细胞数目,提高Neun的表达,具有神经保护作用,此作用是通过促进抗凋亡因子Bcl-2及神经营养因子NGF、BDNF的蛋白表达,下调轴突生长抑制因子Nogo-A及其受体Ng R的蛋白表达所实现。展开更多
Acupuncture is potentially beneficial for post-stroke rehabilitation and is considered a promising preventive strategy for stroke.Electroacupuncture pretreatment or treatment after ischemic stroke by using appropriate...Acupuncture is potentially beneficial for post-stroke rehabilitation and is considered a promising preventive strategy for stroke.Electroacupuncture pretreatment or treatment after ischemic stroke by using appropriate electroacupuncture parameters generates neuroprotective and neuroregenerative effects that increase cerebral blood flow,regulate oxidative stress,attenuate glutamate excitotoxicity,maintain bloodbrain barrier integrity,inhibit apoptosis,increase growth factor production,and induce cerebral ischemic tolerance.展开更多
文摘Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia.It is an increasingly serious global health problem and has a significant impact on individuals and society.However,the precise cause of Alzheimer’s disease is still unknown.In this study,11,748 Web-of-Science-indexed manuscripts regarding Alzheimer’s disease,all published from 2015 to 2019,and their 693,938 references were analyzed.A document co-citation network map was drawn using CiteSpace software.Research frontiers and development trends were determined by retrieving subject headings with apparent changing word frequency trends,which can be used to forecast future research developments in Alzheimer’s disease.
基金supported by the Ministry of Education Doctoral Program special fund(No.20110182110012)the Key Projects of Chinese Medicine Research of Chongqing Municipal Health Bureau(2010[60]2010-1-4)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities(Nos.XDJK2014C058,XDJK2010C059)
文摘Contemporary pharmacological research has demonstrated that puerarin, the most important phytoestrogen extracted from Pueraria lobata(Willd.) Ohwi, has protecting functions on the cardiovascular system, nervous system, osteoporosis, liver injury, and inflammation in vivo and in vitro. Most of these research studies focused on inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis through regulating various bioactivators and signal pathways. Among these, superoxide dismutase(SOD), endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS) and malondialdehyde(MDA), and PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and NF-κB are of great importance. The data cited in this review were mainly obtained from articles listed in PubMed and Elsevier SDOL published from 1959 to 2013, and the search term used was "puerarin".
文摘Aim To investigate the protective effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A（HSYA）,a soluble element extracted from Carthamus tinctorius L.,on focal cerebral ischemia in rats.Methods Focal cerebral ischemia in male Wistar-Kyoto（WKY） rats were induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion（MCAO）.Three doses of 1.5,3.0 and 6.0 mg·kg-1 of HSYA were administrated to three groups of rats,separately,via sublingular vein injection 30 min after the onset of ischemia.24 h after ischemia in rats,neurological deficit scores were evaluated and the infarction area of brain was assessed by quantitative image analysis.The in vitro neuroprotective effect of HSYA was tested in cultured fetal cortical neurons exposed to glutamate and sodium cyanide（NaCN）.Results HSYA at doses of 3.0 and 6.0(mg·kg-1) exerted significant neuroprotective effects on rats with focal cerebral ischemic injury as expressed by neurological deficit scores and reduced the infarct area as compared with saline group,and the potency of HSYA at dose of 6.0 mg·kg-1 was similar to that of 0.2 mg·kg-1 of nimodipine.In vitro studies,HSYA significantly inhibited neurons damage induced by exposure to glutamate and NaCN in cultured fetal cortical cells.Conclusion HSYA has potential neuroprotective action against focal cerebral ischemia in rats and cultured rat fetal cortical neurons as well.
文摘Electroacupuncture is known as an effective adjuvant therapy in ischemic cerebrovascular disease. However, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Studies suggest that autophagy, which is essential for cell survival and cell death, is involved in cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury and might be modulate by electroacupuncture therapy in key ways. This paper aims to provide novel insights into a therapeutic target of electroacupuncture against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury from the perspective of autophagy. Here we review recent studies on electroacupuncture regulation of autophagy-related markers such as UNC-51-like kinase-1 complex, Beclin1, microtubule-associated protein-1 light chain 3, p62, and autophagosomes for treating cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. The results of these studies show that electroacupuncture may affect the initiation of autophagy, vesicle nucleation, expansion and maturation of autophagosomes, as well as fusion and degradation of autophagolysosomes. Moreover, studies indicate that electroacupuncture probably modulates autophagy by activating the mammalian target of the rapamycin signaling pathway.This review thus indicates that autophagy is a therapeutic target of electroacupuncture treatment against ischemic cerebrovascular diseases.
文摘目的探讨红景天苷(salidroside,Sal)对大鼠局灶性脑缺血/再灌注损伤的神经保护作用及其机制。方法健康成年♂SD大鼠36只,随机分为3组:假手术组(sham)、模型对照组(MCAO组)、红景天苷给药组(MCAO+Sal组)。通过线栓法制作大鼠局灶性脑缺血/再灌注损伤模型,Longa评分法对大鼠神经功能损伤评分,焦油紫染色法对神经细胞内尼氏(Nissl)小体染色,RT-q PCR技术检测大鼠缺血侧脑组织Neun、Nogo-A与Ng R m RNA的表达,Western blot法检测大鼠缺血侧脑组织Bcl-2、Neun、BDNF、NGF、Nogo-A与Ng R蛋白的表达。结果与MCAO组比较,红景天苷能明显降低神经功能损伤,增加Nissl阳性细胞的数量,促进Bcl-2、Neun、NGF、BDNF的蛋白表达,降低Nogo-A及其受体Ng R的m RNA及蛋白表达。结论红景天苷能够降低MCAO模型大鼠神经功能损伤,增加Nissl阳性细胞数目,提高Neun的表达,具有神经保护作用,此作用是通过促进抗凋亡因子Bcl-2及神经营养因子NGF、BDNF的蛋白表达,下调轴突生长抑制因子Nogo-A及其受体Ng R的蛋白表达所实现。
基金supported under the Aim for the Top University Plan of the Ministry of Education,Taiwan,China
文摘Acupuncture is potentially beneficial for post-stroke rehabilitation and is considered a promising preventive strategy for stroke.Electroacupuncture pretreatment or treatment after ischemic stroke by using appropriate electroacupuncture parameters generates neuroprotective and neuroregenerative effects that increase cerebral blood flow,regulate oxidative stress,attenuate glutamate excitotoxicity,maintain bloodbrain barrier integrity,inhibit apoptosis,increase growth factor production,and induce cerebral ischemic tolerance.
