目的探讨基于SNaPshot技术的精液特异性编码区单核苷酸多态性(coding region single nucleo⁃tide polymorphism,cSNP)遗传标记检测在精液(斑)溯源及混合体液(斑)鉴定中的可行性。方法制备16例精液斑和11例精液-静脉血混合斑样本,提取其...目的探讨基于SNaPshot技术的精液特异性编码区单核苷酸多态性(coding region single nucleo⁃tide polymorphism,cSNP)遗传标记检测在精液(斑)溯源及混合体液(斑)鉴定中的可行性。方法制备16例精液斑和11例精液-静脉血混合斑样本,提取其基因组DNA(genomic DNA,gDNA)和总RNA,并将总RNA逆转录为互补DNA(complementary DNA,cDNA)。在已验证的精液特异性mRNA编码基因上筛选cSNP遗传标记。基于SNaPshot技术构建cSNP复合检测体系并通过CE对样本进行基因分型。结果成功构建了包含5个精液特异性cSNP的复合检测体系。在16例精液样本中,除了位于TGM4基因上的cSNP在cDNA的检测结果中出现等位基因丢失外,其余cSNP的gDNA和cDNA分型结果高度一致。检测精液-静脉血混合斑时,检出的cSNP分型结果均与精液提供者的基因型一致,未受到静脉血提供者基因型的干扰。结论应用SNaPshot技术检测精液特异性cSNP的方法可以应用于法医学精液(斑)的基因分型,并为混合体液(斑)中精液来源个体的判定提供信息。展开更多
拉曼光谱因它可以提供非常丰富的结构信息而被看作是一项"指纹"技术,因此拉曼光谱可以被用作物质的定性识别。并且拉曼光谱具有制样简单,不破坏样品,在几乎所有的环境下都可以采集。通常认为拉曼光谱只能提供纯物质的结构信息...拉曼光谱因它可以提供非常丰富的结构信息而被看作是一项"指纹"技术,因此拉曼光谱可以被用作物质的定性识别。并且拉曼光谱具有制样简单,不破坏样品,在几乎所有的环境下都可以采集。通常认为拉曼光谱只能提供纯物质的结构信息,故利用拉曼光谱分析混合物的成分是有难度的。在便携式拉曼光谱仪、光谱数据库和化学计量学的基础上,开发了一种快速的混合物鉴别方法。根据基于小波域的自动精确峰值检测拉曼光谱的特点,对经典的逆搜索过程进行了改进。匹配质量可以用计算混合物和数据库中相减光谱中的负比率(按最小比例计算反向匹配峰的比值),提出一种基于改进的逆搜索和非负最小二乘法(Reverse searching and non-negative least squares,RSearch-NNLS),用于混合物分析。方法包括以下步骤:1)通过Whittaker平滑、ariPLS基线校正以及连续小波变换建立纯物质的拉曼光谱库;2)通过逆检索法对采集到的混合物拉曼光谱进行定性分析;3)根据第2步的结果,使用非负最小二乘法对候选化合物进行比例估算。方法是一种鉴别混合物的方法,具有一定的应用前景。展开更多
Initiatives on tackling food insecurity among global emerging economies are being focused on enriching native staple foods with locally available nutritious underutilized crops. The objective of this study was to opti...Initiatives on tackling food insecurity among global emerging economies are being focused on enriching native staple foods with locally available nutritious underutilized crops. The objective of this study was to optimize protein content and dietary fibre in rice (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Oryza sativa</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i></span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) flour using Sorghum (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Sorghum bicolor</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i></span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> L.) and Bamboo shoots (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Yushania alpine</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i></span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">). An extreme vertices design of mixture approach with 11 runs was employed in the study using MINITAB</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">®</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> software. The 11 blends from 11 generated runs and individual ingredient samples were analyzed for nutritional composition. Energy value and energy-to-protein ratio for the samples was calculated. Bamboo shoots flour (BSF) had </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">highest content for all proximate components except total carbohydrates on dry weight basis. Rice had </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> highest content of total carbohydrates at 77.71% and energy to protein ratio of 53.72 kcal/g. Sorghum had </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> highest mean total phenolic and condensed tannins of 45.512 (mg GAE/kg) and 2.512 (mg CE/g) while rice the least with 0.042 (mg GAE/kg) and 0.102 (mg CE/g), respectively. Fresh bamboo shoots had </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"展开更多
The paper illustrates an innovative procedure for experimental design in mixture analysis. It relies on D-optimal designs performed on the combinatorial explosion of five levels of components composition, keeping in m...The paper illustrates an innovative procedure for experimental design in mixture analysis. It relies on D-optimal designs performed on the combinatorial explosion of five levels of components composition, keeping in mind the requirements of Central Composite Designs. The final response surface model is obtained by the formerly developed CARSO method.展开更多
文摘目的探讨基于SNaPshot技术的精液特异性编码区单核苷酸多态性(coding region single nucleo⁃tide polymorphism,cSNP)遗传标记检测在精液(斑)溯源及混合体液(斑)鉴定中的可行性。方法制备16例精液斑和11例精液-静脉血混合斑样本,提取其基因组DNA(genomic DNA,gDNA)和总RNA,并将总RNA逆转录为互补DNA(complementary DNA,cDNA)。在已验证的精液特异性mRNA编码基因上筛选cSNP遗传标记。基于SNaPshot技术构建cSNP复合检测体系并通过CE对样本进行基因分型。结果成功构建了包含5个精液特异性cSNP的复合检测体系。在16例精液样本中,除了位于TGM4基因上的cSNP在cDNA的检测结果中出现等位基因丢失外,其余cSNP的gDNA和cDNA分型结果高度一致。检测精液-静脉血混合斑时,检出的cSNP分型结果均与精液提供者的基因型一致,未受到静脉血提供者基因型的干扰。结论应用SNaPshot技术检测精液特异性cSNP的方法可以应用于法医学精液(斑)的基因分型,并为混合体液(斑)中精液来源个体的判定提供信息。
文摘拉曼光谱因它可以提供非常丰富的结构信息而被看作是一项"指纹"技术,因此拉曼光谱可以被用作物质的定性识别。并且拉曼光谱具有制样简单,不破坏样品,在几乎所有的环境下都可以采集。通常认为拉曼光谱只能提供纯物质的结构信息,故利用拉曼光谱分析混合物的成分是有难度的。在便携式拉曼光谱仪、光谱数据库和化学计量学的基础上,开发了一种快速的混合物鉴别方法。根据基于小波域的自动精确峰值检测拉曼光谱的特点,对经典的逆搜索过程进行了改进。匹配质量可以用计算混合物和数据库中相减光谱中的负比率(按最小比例计算反向匹配峰的比值),提出一种基于改进的逆搜索和非负最小二乘法(Reverse searching and non-negative least squares,RSearch-NNLS),用于混合物分析。方法包括以下步骤:1)通过Whittaker平滑、ariPLS基线校正以及连续小波变换建立纯物质的拉曼光谱库;2)通过逆检索法对采集到的混合物拉曼光谱进行定性分析;3)根据第2步的结果,使用非负最小二乘法对候选化合物进行比例估算。方法是一种鉴别混合物的方法,具有一定的应用前景。
文摘Initiatives on tackling food insecurity among global emerging economies are being focused on enriching native staple foods with locally available nutritious underutilized crops. The objective of this study was to optimize protein content and dietary fibre in rice (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Oryza sativa</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i></span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) flour using Sorghum (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Sorghum bicolor</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i></span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> L.) and Bamboo shoots (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Yushania alpine</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i></span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">). An extreme vertices design of mixture approach with 11 runs was employed in the study using MINITAB</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">®</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> software. The 11 blends from 11 generated runs and individual ingredient samples were analyzed for nutritional composition. Energy value and energy-to-protein ratio for the samples was calculated. Bamboo shoots flour (BSF) had </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">highest content for all proximate components except total carbohydrates on dry weight basis. Rice had </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> highest content of total carbohydrates at 77.71% and energy to protein ratio of 53.72 kcal/g. Sorghum had </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> highest mean total phenolic and condensed tannins of 45.512 (mg GAE/kg) and 2.512 (mg CE/g) while rice the least with 0.042 (mg GAE/kg) and 0.102 (mg CE/g), respectively. Fresh bamboo shoots had </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"
文摘The paper illustrates an innovative procedure for experimental design in mixture analysis. It relies on D-optimal designs performed on the combinatorial explosion of five levels of components composition, keeping in mind the requirements of Central Composite Designs. The final response surface model is obtained by the formerly developed CARSO method.
