A new dynamic non-equilibrium mixing-pool model for simulating start-up and dynamic re-sponse of a distillation column is reported.The proposed model is established on the basis ofconsidering the two dimensional flow/...A new dynamic non-equilibrium mixing-pool model for simulating start-up and dynamic re-sponse of a distillation column is reported.The proposed model is established on the basis ofconsidering the two dimensional flow/mixing behavior of actual trays in a distillation column.Com-parison is made among the computed results of the start-up time and the dynamic response time bythe proposed and five other typical models.It is found that the computed time for both dynamicprocesses is longer by the model which considers any flow/mixing pattern than by the model withoutsuch concern.The inertia effect of flow/mixing seems to be important and can not be ignored inmodeling the transient process of distillation.The proposed model,which is believed to be suitableto large column,seems somewhat useful in predicting industrial distillation dynamics.展开更多
目的对京津冀各血站实验室核酸混样模式的单阳性率进行分析,对比各实验室混检单阳性率的差异,探讨各实验室在实验过程的差别和影响因素,为推进京津冀血站的同质化建设提供依据。方法根据15家血液中心/中心血站2018京津冀血液筛查实验室...目的对京津冀各血站实验室核酸混样模式的单阳性率进行分析,对比各实验室混检单阳性率的差异,探讨各实验室在实验过程的差别和影响因素,为推进京津冀血站的同质化建设提供依据。方法根据15家血液中心/中心血站2018京津冀血液筛查实验室质量指标数据汇总分析,按不同检测系统、相同试剂不同实验室、进口试剂和国产试剂、不同国产检测系统和不同混样模式划分,对使用混样模式进行核酸检测14家实验室的HBV DNA、HCV RNA和HIV RNA检出阳性率,运用统计学方法进行分析。结果京津冀14家实验室采用混样模式中,核酸检测实验室以试剂R1、R2和R3为主;试剂6种使用模式3个项目(依次HBV DNA、HCV RNA、HIV RNA)检出率(/万)分别为6.201 vs 3.399 vs 4.909 vs 4.212 vs 3.592 vs 4.585、0.161 vs 0.078 vs 0.158 vs 0 vs 0.218 vs 0.955、0.032 vs 0.158 vs 0.158 vs 0.301 vs 0 vs 1.146,差别均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);3种(R1、R2、R4)国产试剂检测系统HBV DNA的检出率(/万)分别为6.201 vs 3.399 vs 4.212,差别具有统计学意义(P<0.05);使用2种试剂组合的2家实验室间,3个项目检出率(/万)分别为3.592 vs 4.585、0.218 vs 0.955、0 vs 1.146,差别均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);使用R1试剂的3家实验室间HBV DNA检出率(/万)分别为7.197 vs 7.590 vs 7.776,差别不具有统计学意义(P>0.05),而HCV RNA和HIV RNA检出率(/万)分别为0 vs 0.281 vs 0.933、0 vs 0.141 vs 0,差别具有统计学意义(P<0.05);使用R2试剂的5家实验室间3个项目的检出率(/万)分别为3.812 vs 3.849 vs 3.745 vs 1.557 vs 1.542、0 vs 0.367 vs 0 vs 0 vs 0、0 vs 0.183 vs 0.250 vs 0.311 vs 0,差别均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);使用R3试剂的实验室间3个项目的检出率,差别均不具有统计学意义(P>0.05);进口试剂R3混样模式为6混,国产试剂均为8混,两者的HBV DNA、HCV RNA和HIV RNA检出率,差别均不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论京津冀14家血站核酸检测实验室以�展开更多
This paper presents an improved three-dimensional non-equilibrium mixing pool model.It is a simplified form of the original model and is more practical for applications.The simulation re-sults show that the industrial...This paper presents an improved three-dimensional non-equilibrium mixing pool model.It is a simplified form of the original model and is more practical for applications.The simulation re-sults show that the industrial scale distillation tray columns can be described closely by the improvedmodel.The effects of model parameters,such as the number of mixing pools,the point efficiencyand flow pattern,on separation are analyzed quantitatively.展开更多
文摘A new dynamic non-equilibrium mixing-pool model for simulating start-up and dynamic re-sponse of a distillation column is reported.The proposed model is established on the basis ofconsidering the two dimensional flow/mixing behavior of actual trays in a distillation column.Com-parison is made among the computed results of the start-up time and the dynamic response time bythe proposed and five other typical models.It is found that the computed time for both dynamicprocesses is longer by the model which considers any flow/mixing pattern than by the model withoutsuch concern.The inertia effect of flow/mixing seems to be important and can not be ignored inmodeling the transient process of distillation.The proposed model,which is believed to be suitableto large column,seems somewhat useful in predicting industrial distillation dynamics.
文摘目的对京津冀各血站实验室核酸混样模式的单阳性率进行分析,对比各实验室混检单阳性率的差异,探讨各实验室在实验过程的差别和影响因素,为推进京津冀血站的同质化建设提供依据。方法根据15家血液中心/中心血站2018京津冀血液筛查实验室质量指标数据汇总分析,按不同检测系统、相同试剂不同实验室、进口试剂和国产试剂、不同国产检测系统和不同混样模式划分,对使用混样模式进行核酸检测14家实验室的HBV DNA、HCV RNA和HIV RNA检出阳性率,运用统计学方法进行分析。结果京津冀14家实验室采用混样模式中,核酸检测实验室以试剂R1、R2和R3为主;试剂6种使用模式3个项目(依次HBV DNA、HCV RNA、HIV RNA)检出率(/万)分别为6.201 vs 3.399 vs 4.909 vs 4.212 vs 3.592 vs 4.585、0.161 vs 0.078 vs 0.158 vs 0 vs 0.218 vs 0.955、0.032 vs 0.158 vs 0.158 vs 0.301 vs 0 vs 1.146,差别均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);3种(R1、R2、R4)国产试剂检测系统HBV DNA的检出率(/万)分别为6.201 vs 3.399 vs 4.212,差别具有统计学意义(P<0.05);使用2种试剂组合的2家实验室间,3个项目检出率(/万)分别为3.592 vs 4.585、0.218 vs 0.955、0 vs 1.146,差别均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);使用R1试剂的3家实验室间HBV DNA检出率(/万)分别为7.197 vs 7.590 vs 7.776,差别不具有统计学意义(P>0.05),而HCV RNA和HIV RNA检出率(/万)分别为0 vs 0.281 vs 0.933、0 vs 0.141 vs 0,差别具有统计学意义(P<0.05);使用R2试剂的5家实验室间3个项目的检出率(/万)分别为3.812 vs 3.849 vs 3.745 vs 1.557 vs 1.542、0 vs 0.367 vs 0 vs 0 vs 0、0 vs 0.183 vs 0.250 vs 0.311 vs 0,差别均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);使用R3试剂的实验室间3个项目的检出率,差别均不具有统计学意义(P>0.05);进口试剂R3混样模式为6混,国产试剂均为8混,两者的HBV DNA、HCV RNA和HIV RNA检出率,差别均不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论京津冀14家血站核酸检测实验室以�
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘This paper presents an improved three-dimensional non-equilibrium mixing pool model.It is a simplified form of the original model and is more practical for applications.The simulation re-sults show that the industrial scale distillation tray columns can be described closely by the improvedmodel.The effects of model parameters,such as the number of mixing pools,the point efficiencyand flow pattern,on separation are analyzed quantitatively.
