Lesion mimic is necrotic lesions on plant leaf or stem in the absence of pathogenic infection, and its exact biological mechanism is varied. By a large-scale screening of our T-DNA mutant population, we identified a m...Lesion mimic is necrotic lesions on plant leaf or stem in the absence of pathogenic infection, and its exact biological mechanism is varied. By a large-scale screening of our T-DNA mutant population, we identified a mutant rice lesion initiation 1 （rlin1）, which was controlled by a single nuclear recessive gene. Map-based cloning revealed that RLIN1 encoded a putative coproporphyrinogen Ⅲ oxidase in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway. Sequencing results showed that a G to T substitution occurred in the second exon of RLIN1 and led to a missense mutation from Asp to Tyr. Ectopic expression of RLIN1 could rescue rlin1 lesion mimic phenotype. Histochemical analysis demonstrated that lesion formation in rlin1 was light-dependent accompanied by reactive oxygen species accumulated. These results suggest that tetrapyrrole participates in lesion formation in rice.展开更多
Enhancing the activity of Pt-based nanocatalysts is of great significance yet a challenge for the oxygen reduction reaction （ORR）. In this work, a series of porous Pt/Ag nanoparticles （NPs） were fabricated from re...Enhancing the activity of Pt-based nanocatalysts is of great significance yet a challenge for the oxygen reduction reaction （ORR）. In this work, a series of porous Pt/Ag nanoparticles （NPs） were fabricated from regular PtxAg100-x （x = 25, 50, 75） octahedra by a facile and economical dealloying process. Remarkable enhancement in multiple enzyme-mimic activities related to ORR was observed for the dealloyed Pt50Ag50 （D-Pt50Ag50） NPs. This effect can be attributed to the resulting Pt-rich surface structure, increased surface area, and a synergistic effect of Pt and Ag atoms in the D-Pt-a-gs0 NPs. Furthermore, the D-Pt50Ag50 NPs exerted excellent antibacterial effects on two model bacteria （gram-negative Escherichia coli and gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus）. The present work represents a significant advance in the exploration of the relation between controllable synthesis of high-quality nanoalloys and their novel catalytic properties for various promising applications, including catalysts, biosensors, and biomedicine.展开更多
Lesion mimic mutant（LMM） genes, stimulating lesion formation in the absence of pathogens, play significant roles in immune response. In this study, we characterized a rice lesion mimic mutant, lmm5,which displayed l...Lesion mimic mutant（LMM） genes, stimulating lesion formation in the absence of pathogens, play significant roles in immune response. In this study, we characterized a rice lesion mimic mutant, lmm5,which displayed light-dependent spontaneous lesions. Additionally, lmm5 plants exhibited enhanced resistance to all of the tested races of Magnaporthe oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae（Xoo） by increasing the expression of defense-related genes and the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide. Genetic analysis showed that the lesion mimic phenotype of lmm5 was controlled by two genes, lmm5.1 and lmm5.4, which were isolated with a map-based cloning strategy. Remarkably, LMM5.1 and LMM5.4 share a 97.4% amino acid sequence identity, and they each encode a eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A（e EF1A）-like protein. Besides, LMM5.1 and LMM5.4 were expressed in a tissue-specific and an indicaspecific manner, respectively. In addition, high-throughput m RNA sequencing analysis confirmed that the basal immunity was constitutively activated in the lmm5 mutant. Taken together, these results suggest that the homologous e EF1A-like genes, LMM5.1 and LMM5.4, negatively affect cell death and disease resistance in rice.展开更多
Natural alleles controlling multiple disease resistances (MDR) are valuable for crop breeding. However, only one MDR gene have been cloned in maize, and molecular mechanisms of MDR are not clear. By map-based cloning,...Natural alleles controlling multiple disease resistances (MDR) are valuable for crop breeding. However, only one MDR gene have been cloned in maize, and molecular mechanisms of MDR are not clear. By map-based cloning, we have cloned a teosinte-derived allele of a resistance gene, Mexicana lesion mimic 1 (ZmMM1), which has a lesion mimic phenotype and confers resistance to northern leaf blight (NLB), gray leaf spot (GLS) and southern corn rust (SCR). Strong MDR conferred by the teosinte allele is linked with the polymorphisms in the 3' untranslated region of the ZmMM1 gene that cause increased accumulation of ZmMM1 protein. ZmMM1 acts as a transcription repressor and negatively regulates transcription of specific target genes including ZmMM1-target gene 3 (ZmMT3), which functions as a negative regulator of plant immunity and associated cell death. The successful isolation of the ZmMM1 resistance gene will help not only in developing broad-spectrum and durable disease resistance but also in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying MDR.展开更多
Long noncoding RNAs （IncRNAs） participate in the regulation of multiple biological processes via diverse manners, one of which is functioning as endogenous target mimics （eTMs） to modulate microRNAs （miRNAs） by ...Long noncoding RNAs （IncRNAs） participate in the regulation of multiple biological processes via diverse manners, one of which is functioning as endogenous target mimics （eTMs） to modulate microRNAs （miRNAs） by competing for their targets. Previously, we have predicted one IncRNA （osa-eTM160） as an endogenous repressor of osa-miR160 and validated the target mimicry ability of osa-eTM160 for ath-miR160 in Arabidopsis thaliana, yet the functions of osa-eTM160 in rice remain obscure. Here, we demonstrated that osa-eTM160 attenuated the repression of osa-miR160 on osa-ARF18 mRNAs during early anther developmental stages through the target mimicry manner, therefore to regulate rice seed setting and seed size. These findings revealed the roles of osa-eTM160 in rice, and indicated that lncRNAs with eTM functions may serve as temporal regulators to modulate the effects of miRNAs at specific developmental stages.展开更多
Cellular metabolism is a very complex process. The biochemical pathways are fundamental structures of biology. These pathways possess a number of regeneration steps which facilitate energy shuttling on a massive scale...Cellular metabolism is a very complex process. The biochemical pathways are fundamental structures of biology. These pathways possess a number of regeneration steps which facilitate energy shuttling on a massive scale. This facilitates the biochemical pathways to sustain the energy currency of the cells. This concept has been mimicked using electronic circuit components and it has been used to increase the efficiency of bio-energy generation. Six of the carbohydrate biochemical pathways have been chosen in which glycolysis is the principle pathway. All the six pathways are interrelated and coordinated in a complex manner. Mimic circuits have been designed for all the six biochemical pathways. The components of the metabolic pathways such as enzymes, cofactors etc., are substituted by appropriate electronic circuit components. Enzymes are related to the gain of transistors by the bond dissociation energies of enzyme-substrate molecules under consideration. Cofactors and coenzymes are represented by switches and capacitors respectively. Resistors are used for proper orientation of the circuits. The energy obtained from the current methods employed for the decomposition of organic matter is used to trigger the mimic circuits. A similar energy shuttle is observed in the mimic circuits and the percentage rise for each cycle of circuit functioning is found to be 78.90. The theoretical calculations have been made using a sample of domestic waste weighing 1.182 kg. The calculations arrived at finally speak of the efficiency of the novel methodology employed.展开更多
In this paper,we studied the wing root pivot joint’s radial load of a submersible airplane which imitates the locomotion of gannet’s Morus plunge-diving,by implementing a test device name Mimic-Gannet.The housing of...In this paper,we studied the wing root pivot joint’s radial load of a submersible airplane which imitates the locomotion of gannet’s Morus plunge-diving,by implementing a test device name Mimic-Gannet.The housing of the device was designed by mimicking the morphology of a living gannet,and the folding wings were realized by the mechanism of variable swept back wing.Then,the radial loads of the wing root were obtained under the conditions of different dropping heights,different sweptback angles and different water-entry inclination angles(i.e.,the angle between the longitudinal body axis and the water surface),and the relationships between the peak radial load and the above three parameters were analyzed and discussed respectively.In the studied areas,the minimum peak radial load of the pivot joint is 50.93 N,while the maximum reaches up to1135.00 N.The largest peak load would be generated for the situation of vertical water entry and zero wing sweptback angle.And it is of great significance to choose the three parameters properly to reduce the pivot joint’s radial load,i.e.,larger wing sweptback angle,smaller dropping height and water-entry inclination angle.It is also concluded that the peak radial load on the wing root is closely linear with the water-entry dropping height and the wing sweptback angle with a significant correlation.Eventually,the relationship between the wing load and the dropping height,water-entry inclination angle or wing sweptback angle,could be used to calculate the wing load about plunge-diving of a submersible aircraft,and the conclusions reveal the wing load characteristic of the gannet’s plunge process for the biologists.展开更多
The single-atom nanozyme is a new concept and has tremendous prospects to become a next-generation nanozyme.However,few studies have been carried out to elucidate the intrinsic mechanisms for both the single atoms and...The single-atom nanozyme is a new concept and has tremendous prospects to become a next-generation nanozyme.However,few studies have been carried out to elucidate the intrinsic mechanisms for both the single atoms and the supports in single-atom nanozymes.Herein,the heterogeneous single-atom Co-MoS2(SA Co-MoS2)is demonstrated to have excellent potential as a high-performance peroxidase mimic.Because of the well-defined structure of SA Co-MoS2,its peroxidase-like mechanism is extensively interpreted through experimental and theoretical studies.Due to the different adsorption energies of substrates on different parts of SA Co-MoS2 in the peroxidase-like reaction,SA Co favors electron transfer mechanisms,while MoS2 relies on Fenton-like reactions.The different catalytic pathways provide an intrinsic understanding of the remarkable performance of SA Co-MoS2.The present study not only develops a new kind of single-atom catalyst(SAC)as an elegant platform for understanding the enzyme-like activities of heterogeneous nanomaterials but also facilitates the novel application of SACs in biocatalysis.展开更多
microRNAs (miRNAs)are endogenous small non-coding RNAs that bind to mRNAs and target them for cleavage and/or translational repression,leading to gene silencing.We previously developed short tandem target mimic (STTM)...microRNAs (miRNAs)are endogenous small non-coding RNAs that bind to mRNAs and target them for cleavage and/or translational repression,leading to gene silencing.We previously developed short tandem target mimic (STTM)technology to deactivate endogenous miRNAs in Arabidopsis.Here,we created hundreds of STTMs that target both conserved and species-specific miRNAs in Arabidopsis,tomato,rice,and maize,providing a resource for the functional interrogation of miRNAs.We not only revealed the functions of several miRNAs in plant development,but also demonstrated that tissue-specific inactivation of a few miRNAs in rice leads to an increase in grain size without adversely affecting overall plant growth and development.RNA-seq and small RNAseq analyses of STTM156/157 and STTM165/166 transgenic plants revealed the roles of these miRNAs in plant hormone biosynthesis and activation,secondary metabolism,and ion-channel activity-associated electrophysiology,demonstrating that STTM technology is an effective approach for studying miRNA functions.To facilitate the study and application of STTM transgenic plants and to provide a useful platform for storing and sharing of information about miRNA-regulated gene networks,we have established an online Genome Browser (https://blossom.ffr.mtu.edu/designindex2.php) to display the transcriptomic and miRNAomic changes in STTMinduced miRNA knockdown plants.展开更多
Plant lesion mimic mutants(lmms)generally possess autoimmunity and hypersensitive response(HR)-like cell death in the absence of biotic or abiotic stress.They have attracted much attention because they are useful tool...Plant lesion mimic mutants(lmms)generally possess autoimmunity and hypersensitive response(HR)-like cell death in the absence of biotic or abiotic stress.They have attracted much attention because they are useful tools for deciphering the interaction between defense signaling and growth.Recent studies have identified more than 30 lmms involved in the plant immune response and cell death in rice.Genes underlying these lmms,coding for diverse types of proteins,mainly regulate transcription,protein translation and modification,vesicular trafficking and catalyzation of metabolism.Here,we presented an overview of the most recent advances on the study of lmms in rice and proposed a perspective on potential utilization of LMM genes in agriculture.展开更多
Castleman＇s disease （CD） is a rare lymphoproliferative syndrome typically involving a mediastinal mass. CD in the pararenal area should be distinguished from lymphoma diseases. We analyzed the clinical features oft...Castleman＇s disease （CD） is a rare lymphoproliferative syndrome typically involving a mediastinal mass. CD in the pararenal area should be distinguished from lymphoma diseases. We analyzed the clinical features often CD patients in the pararenal retroperitoneum that mimics other tumors to summarize some of our experiences and conduct a literature review.展开更多
Although great progress has been made in improving hydrogen production,highly efficient catalysts,which are able to produce hydrogen in a fast and steady way at ambient temperature and pressure,are still in large dema...Although great progress has been made in improving hydrogen production,highly efficient catalysts,which are able to produce hydrogen in a fast and steady way at ambient temperature and pressure,are still in large demand.Here,we report a[NiCo]-based hydrogenase mimic,NiCo_(2)O_(4) nanozyme,that can catalyze robust hydrogen evolution spontaneously in water without external energy input at room temperature.This hydrogenase nanozyme facilitates water splitting reaction by forming a three-center Ni-OH-Co bond analogous to the[NiFe]-hydrogenase reaction by using aluminum as electron donor,and realizes hydrogen evolution with a high production rate of 915 L·h^(-1) per gram of nanozymes,which is hundreds of times higher than most of the natural hydrogenase or hydrogenase mimics.Furthermore,the NiCo_(2)O_(4) nanozyme can robustly disrupt the adhesive oxidized layer of aluminum and enable the full consumption of electrons from aluminum.In contrast to the often-expensive synthetic catalysts that rely on rare elements and consume high energy,we envision that this NiCo_(2)O_(4) nanozyme can potentially provide an upgrade for current hydrogen evolution,accelerate the development of scale-up hydrogen production,and generate a clean energy future.展开更多
目的了解MIMIC电子病历数据集国内外研究热点和趋势。方法利用CiteSpace、HistCite和VOSviewer软件,从发文量、发文机构、主要研究者、高被引期刊、高被引论文、研究主题6个纬度,对CBKI、Web of Science中有关MIMIC电子病历数据集的研...目的了解MIMIC电子病历数据集国内外研究热点和趋势。方法利用CiteSpace、HistCite和VOSviewer软件,从发文量、发文机构、主要研究者、高被引期刊、高被引论文、研究主题6个纬度,对CBKI、Web of Science中有关MIMIC电子病历数据集的研究文献进行文献计量分析。结果MIMIC领域内的发文量逐年递增;主要发文机构是美国的麻省理工学院和中国的浙江大学;主要研究作者是美国学者CELI LA;同行内高被引期刊为CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE;高被引论文是编号37号文献;研究主题2018年前主要是以MIMIC数据集患者行为研究为主,2019年以后主要集中于患者死亡危险因素分析;关键词聚类分析前期研究主要与患者心肺肾系统疾病相关,后期集中于急性肾损伤和MIMIC数据库数据完善研究。结论MIMIC电子病历数据集的研究机构和研究者之间合作较少,国内相关研究也较少;研究主题局限于ICU患者死亡风险的预测和生存率的分析,应扩展主题研究;未来MIMIC研究趋势将侧重于结合AI技术深度挖掘临床电子病历数据。展开更多
基金This work was supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2009CB118506)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos. 30825029 and 30621001)
文摘Lesion mimic is necrotic lesions on plant leaf or stem in the absence of pathogenic infection, and its exact biological mechanism is varied. By a large-scale screening of our T-DNA mutant population, we identified a mutant rice lesion initiation 1 （rlin1）, which was controlled by a single nuclear recessive gene. Map-based cloning revealed that RLIN1 encoded a putative coproporphyrinogen Ⅲ oxidase in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway. Sequencing results showed that a G to T substitution occurred in the second exon of RLIN1 and led to a missense mutation from Asp to Tyr. Ectopic expression of RLIN1 could rescue rlin1 lesion mimic phenotype. Histochemical analysis demonstrated that lesion formation in rlin1 was light-dependent accompanied by reactive oxygen species accumulated. These results suggest that tetrapyrrole participates in lesion formation in rice.
文摘Enhancing the activity of Pt-based nanocatalysts is of great significance yet a challenge for the oxygen reduction reaction （ORR）. In this work, a series of porous Pt/Ag nanoparticles （NPs） were fabricated from regular PtxAg100-x （x = 25, 50, 75） octahedra by a facile and economical dealloying process. Remarkable enhancement in multiple enzyme-mimic activities related to ORR was observed for the dealloyed Pt50Ag50 （D-Pt50Ag50） NPs. This effect can be attributed to the resulting Pt-rich surface structure, increased surface area, and a synergistic effect of Pt and Ag atoms in the D-Pt-a-gs0 NPs. Furthermore, the D-Pt50Ag50 NPs exerted excellent antibacterial effects on two model bacteria （gram-negative Escherichia coli and gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus）. The present work represents a significant advance in the exploration of the relation between controllable synthesis of high-quality nanoalloys and their novel catalytic properties for various promising applications, including catalysts, biosensors, and biomedicine.
基金supported by the grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2016YFD0101801)the Ministry of Agriculture of China(No.2014ZX08001002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31371590 and 31571245)
文摘Lesion mimic mutant（LMM） genes, stimulating lesion formation in the absence of pathogens, play significant roles in immune response. In this study, we characterized a rice lesion mimic mutant, lmm5,which displayed light-dependent spontaneous lesions. Additionally, lmm5 plants exhibited enhanced resistance to all of the tested races of Magnaporthe oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae（Xoo） by increasing the expression of defense-related genes and the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide. Genetic analysis showed that the lesion mimic phenotype of lmm5 was controlled by two genes, lmm5.1 and lmm5.4, which were isolated with a map-based cloning strategy. Remarkably, LMM5.1 and LMM5.4 share a 97.4% amino acid sequence identity, and they each encode a eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A（e EF1A）-like protein. Besides, LMM5.1 and LMM5.4 were expressed in a tissue-specific and an indicaspecific manner, respectively. In addition, high-throughput m RNA sequencing analysis confirmed that the basal immunity was constitutively activated in the lmm5 mutant. Taken together, these results suggest that the homologous e EF1A-like genes, LMM5.1 and LMM5.4, negatively affect cell death and disease resistance in rice.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0101002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31571676,32072007,and 31761143008)+4 种基金the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China(2015BAD02B01)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2014PY054 and 2662015PY185)the University Student Research Fund(2016090)the Innovation Training Plan of University Student Fund(201510504023)the Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project(B20051).
文摘Natural alleles controlling multiple disease resistances (MDR) are valuable for crop breeding. However, only one MDR gene have been cloned in maize, and molecular mechanisms of MDR are not clear. By map-based cloning, we have cloned a teosinte-derived allele of a resistance gene, Mexicana lesion mimic 1 (ZmMM1), which has a lesion mimic phenotype and confers resistance to northern leaf blight (NLB), gray leaf spot (GLS) and southern corn rust (SCR). Strong MDR conferred by the teosinte allele is linked with the polymorphisms in the 3' untranslated region of the ZmMM1 gene that cause increased accumulation of ZmMM1 protein. ZmMM1 acts as a transcription repressor and negatively regulates transcription of specific target genes including ZmMM1-target gene 3 (ZmMT3), which functions as a negative regulator of plant immunity and associated cell death. The successful isolation of the ZmMM1 resistance gene will help not only in developing broad-spectrum and durable disease resistance but also in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying MDR.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31371318 to M.W.)the State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics(SKLPG2011B0105 to X.-J.W.)Youth Innovation Promotion Association Grant from Chinese Academy of Sciences(to M.W.)
文摘Long noncoding RNAs （IncRNAs） participate in the regulation of multiple biological processes via diverse manners, one of which is functioning as endogenous target mimics （eTMs） to modulate microRNAs （miRNAs） by competing for their targets. Previously, we have predicted one IncRNA （osa-eTM160） as an endogenous repressor of osa-miR160 and validated the target mimicry ability of osa-eTM160 for ath-miR160 in Arabidopsis thaliana, yet the functions of osa-eTM160 in rice remain obscure. Here, we demonstrated that osa-eTM160 attenuated the repression of osa-miR160 on osa-ARF18 mRNAs during early anther developmental stages through the target mimicry manner, therefore to regulate rice seed setting and seed size. These findings revealed the roles of osa-eTM160 in rice, and indicated that lncRNAs with eTM functions may serve as temporal regulators to modulate the effects of miRNAs at specific developmental stages.
文摘Cellular metabolism is a very complex process. The biochemical pathways are fundamental structures of biology. These pathways possess a number of regeneration steps which facilitate energy shuttling on a massive scale. This facilitates the biochemical pathways to sustain the energy currency of the cells. This concept has been mimicked using electronic circuit components and it has been used to increase the efficiency of bio-energy generation. Six of the carbohydrate biochemical pathways have been chosen in which glycolysis is the principle pathway. All the six pathways are interrelated and coordinated in a complex manner. Mimic circuits have been designed for all the six biochemical pathways. The components of the metabolic pathways such as enzymes, cofactors etc., are substituted by appropriate electronic circuit components. Enzymes are related to the gain of transistors by the bond dissociation energies of enzyme-substrate molecules under consideration. Cofactors and coenzymes are represented by switches and capacitors respectively. Resistors are used for proper orientation of the circuits. The energy obtained from the current methods employed for the decomposition of organic matter is used to trigger the mimic circuits. A similar energy shuttle is observed in the mimic circuits and the percentage rise for each cycle of circuit functioning is found to be 78.90. The theoretical calculations have been made using a sample of domestic waste weighing 1.182 kg. The calculations arrived at finally speak of the efficiency of the novel methodology employed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51005008)
文摘In this paper,we studied the wing root pivot joint’s radial load of a submersible airplane which imitates the locomotion of gannet’s Morus plunge-diving,by implementing a test device name Mimic-Gannet.The housing of the device was designed by mimicking the morphology of a living gannet,and the folding wings were realized by the mechanism of variable swept back wing.Then,the radial loads of the wing root were obtained under the conditions of different dropping heights,different sweptback angles and different water-entry inclination angles(i.e.,the angle between the longitudinal body axis and the water surface),and the relationships between the peak radial load and the above three parameters were analyzed and discussed respectively.In the studied areas,the minimum peak radial load of the pivot joint is 50.93 N,while the maximum reaches up to1135.00 N.The largest peak load would be generated for the situation of vertical water entry and zero wing sweptback angle.And it is of great significance to choose the three parameters properly to reduce the pivot joint’s radial load,i.e.,larger wing sweptback angle,smaller dropping height and water-entry inclination angle.It is also concluded that the peak radial load on the wing root is closely linear with the water-entry dropping height and the wing sweptback angle with a significant correlation.Eventually,the relationship between the wing load and the dropping height,water-entry inclination angle or wing sweptback angle,could be used to calculate the wing load about plunge-diving of a submersible aircraft,and the conclusions reveal the wing load characteristic of the gannet’s plunge process for the biologists.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFA0200400)the Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Program(No.20190201233JC)+5 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51571100 and 51872116)the Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars of Heilongjiang Province(No.JC2018004)the Excellent Young Foundation of Harbin Normal University(No.XKYQ201304)the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(BX20180117)the Program for JLU Science and Technology Innovative Research Team(JLUSTIRT,2017TD-09)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘The single-atom nanozyme is a new concept and has tremendous prospects to become a next-generation nanozyme.However,few studies have been carried out to elucidate the intrinsic mechanisms for both the single atoms and the supports in single-atom nanozymes.Herein,the heterogeneous single-atom Co-MoS2(SA Co-MoS2)is demonstrated to have excellent potential as a high-performance peroxidase mimic.Because of the well-defined structure of SA Co-MoS2,its peroxidase-like mechanism is extensively interpreted through experimental and theoretical studies.Due to the different adsorption energies of substrates on different parts of SA Co-MoS2 in the peroxidase-like reaction,SA Co favors electron transfer mechanisms,while MoS2 relies on Fenton-like reactions.The different catalytic pathways provide an intrinsic understanding of the remarkable performance of SA Co-MoS2.The present study not only develops a new kind of single-atom catalyst(SAC)as an elegant platform for understanding the enzyme-like activities of heterogeneous nanomaterials but also facilitates the novel application of SACs in biocatalysis.
基金the National Science Foundation,USA (IOS-1048216 and IOS-1340001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31571679,31501292,31871554)+1 种基金the Major Science and Technology Project of Henan Province (141100110600)the Support Plan of Science and Technology Innovation Team in Universities of Henan Province (171RTSTHN015),and the Key Scientific Research Project in Universities of Henan Province (16A210009).G.T.is also supported by the Guangdong Innovation Research Team Fund (2014ZT058078)and the 111 Project (D16014)to Henan University.S.T.was supported by a post-doctoral fellowship from Henan Agricultural University.F.M.was a visiting scholar supported by the China Scholarship Council (CSC).T.P.,Z.Z.,L.S.,and L.T.were visiting PhD students supported by scholarships from Henan Agricultural University.
文摘microRNAs (miRNAs)are endogenous small non-coding RNAs that bind to mRNAs and target them for cleavage and/or translational repression,leading to gene silencing.We previously developed short tandem target mimic (STTM)technology to deactivate endogenous miRNAs in Arabidopsis.Here,we created hundreds of STTMs that target both conserved and species-specific miRNAs in Arabidopsis,tomato,rice,and maize,providing a resource for the functional interrogation of miRNAs.We not only revealed the functions of several miRNAs in plant development,but also demonstrated that tissue-specific inactivation of a few miRNAs in rice leads to an increase in grain size without adversely affecting overall plant growth and development.RNA-seq and small RNAseq analyses of STTM156/157 and STTM165/166 transgenic plants revealed the roles of these miRNAs in plant hormone biosynthesis and activation,secondary metabolism,and ion-channel activity-associated electrophysiology,demonstrating that STTM technology is an effective approach for studying miRNA functions.To facilitate the study and application of STTM transgenic plants and to provide a useful platform for storing and sharing of information about miRNA-regulated gene networks,we have established an online Genome Browser (https://blossom.ffr.mtu.edu/designindex2.php) to display the transcriptomic and miRNAomic changes in STTMinduced miRNA knockdown plants.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.31701779 and 31922066)the Applied Basic Research Programs of Science and Technology Department from Sichuan Province(Grant No.2019YJ0432)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2017M612984).
文摘Plant lesion mimic mutants(lmms)generally possess autoimmunity and hypersensitive response(HR)-like cell death in the absence of biotic or abiotic stress.They have attracted much attention because they are useful tools for deciphering the interaction between defense signaling and growth.Recent studies have identified more than 30 lmms involved in the plant immune response and cell death in rice.Genes underlying these lmms,coding for diverse types of proteins,mainly regulate transcription,protein translation and modification,vesicular trafficking and catalyzation of metabolism.Here,we presented an overview of the most recent advances on the study of lmms in rice and proposed a perspective on potential utilization of LMM genes in agriculture.
文摘Castleman＇s disease （CD） is a rare lymphoproliferative syndrome typically involving a mediastinal mass. CD in the pararenal area should be distinguished from lymphoma diseases. We analyzed the clinical features often CD patients in the pararenal retroperitoneum that mimics other tumors to summarize some of our experiences and conduct a literature review.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.T2225026,82172087,22025604,82071308,52202344)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFA120012501)Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars.
文摘Although great progress has been made in improving hydrogen production,highly efficient catalysts,which are able to produce hydrogen in a fast and steady way at ambient temperature and pressure,are still in large demand.Here,we report a[NiCo]-based hydrogenase mimic,NiCo_(2)O_(4) nanozyme,that can catalyze robust hydrogen evolution spontaneously in water without external energy input at room temperature.This hydrogenase nanozyme facilitates water splitting reaction by forming a three-center Ni-OH-Co bond analogous to the[NiFe]-hydrogenase reaction by using aluminum as electron donor,and realizes hydrogen evolution with a high production rate of 915 L·h^(-1) per gram of nanozymes,which is hundreds of times higher than most of the natural hydrogenase or hydrogenase mimics.Furthermore,the NiCo_(2)O_(4) nanozyme can robustly disrupt the adhesive oxidized layer of aluminum and enable the full consumption of electrons from aluminum.In contrast to the often-expensive synthetic catalysts that rely on rare elements and consume high energy,we envision that this NiCo_(2)O_(4) nanozyme can potentially provide an upgrade for current hydrogen evolution,accelerate the development of scale-up hydrogen production,and generate a clean energy future.
文摘目的了解MIMIC电子病历数据集国内外研究热点和趋势。方法利用CiteSpace、HistCite和VOSviewer软件,从发文量、发文机构、主要研究者、高被引期刊、高被引论文、研究主题6个纬度,对CBKI、Web of Science中有关MIMIC电子病历数据集的研究文献进行文献计量分析。结果MIMIC领域内的发文量逐年递增;主要发文机构是美国的麻省理工学院和中国的浙江大学;主要研究作者是美国学者CELI LA;同行内高被引期刊为CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE;高被引论文是编号37号文献;研究主题2018年前主要是以MIMIC数据集患者行为研究为主,2019年以后主要集中于患者死亡危险因素分析;关键词聚类分析前期研究主要与患者心肺肾系统疾病相关,后期集中于急性肾损伤和MIMIC数据库数据完善研究。结论MIMIC电子病历数据集的研究机构和研究者之间合作较少,国内相关研究也较少;研究主题局限于ICU患者死亡风险的预测和生存率的分析,应扩展主题研究;未来MIMIC研究趋势将侧重于结合AI技术深度挖掘临床电子病历数据。
