The influence of labor migration on rural household land transfer has been hotly debated in academic circles, which focuses on whether part-time employment leads to land transfer. Using survey data on rural households...The influence of labor migration on rural household land transfer has been hotly debated in academic circles, which focuses on whether part-time employment leads to land transfer. Using survey data on rural households in the Sichuan Province, and applying the theoretical framework of new economics of labor migration, this study explores the influences of labor migration on the direction and scale of land transfer from the perspective of rural household structure. The results indicate that: 1) the quantity of laborers has significant influence on the direction and scale of land transfer. The larger the on-farm labor variable(Labor), the lesser the possibility that land will be rented-out and the amount of land rented out will also be smaller. In addition, there is a greater probability that land will be rented-in and the amount of land rented-in will be greater. 2) The greater the ratio of off-farm laborers to rural household laborers(Off-farm) the greater the possibility that land will be rented-out. In addition the higher the ratio of on-farm laborers to the total household laborers(On-farm), the larger the possibility that land will be rented-in. Meanwhile, if the household has individuals at the age of 64 or older(Old) who are engaged in agriculture, there is a smaller possibility that land will be rentedout. 3) the ratio of part-time laborers to rural household laborers(Pluriactivity) have significant inverse U-shaped influences on the rent-in of land as well as the amount of land rented-in. The inflection points are 33.27% and 14.10%, respectively. Such findings confirm the significance of this study in better understanding the influence of labor migration on rural household land transfer.展开更多
The combination of network function virtualization and software-defined networking allows various network functions to process flows according to their characteristics and requirements.Due to the highly dynamic nature...The combination of network function virtualization and software-defined networking allows various network functions to process flows according to their characteristics and requirements.Due to the highly dynamic nature of the workload,the network infrastructure needs to properly schedule the underlying resources in order to respond to workload changes in a timely manner.However,the existing NFV platform lacks a comprehensive solution for how to scale under workload variation,which may seriously hurt the overall system performance.To improve the scalability of the NFV platform and ensure consistent high performance under dynamic workloads,we propose AdaptNF,a novel NFV platform designed to support a combination of course-grained and fine-grained resource scheduling strategies.To deal with resource imbalance,which is the essential scheduling problem that leads to insufficient NFV performance,AdaptNF adopts a novel algorithm that can efficiently balance the workload among multiple network function instances through stateless flow migration.Our controlled experiments show that the AdaptNF scheme can optimize resource allocation and ensure outstanding performance after scaling.In terms of network throughput and latency,AdaptNF significantly improves the performance of the underlying NFV platform.展开更多
基金financial supports from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.4157152741801221+3 种基金4160161441701622)Sichuan Center for Rural Development Research Project(Grant No.01781912)Ministry of education humanities and social science research youth fund project(No.17YJC630136)
文摘The influence of labor migration on rural household land transfer has been hotly debated in academic circles, which focuses on whether part-time employment leads to land transfer. Using survey data on rural households in the Sichuan Province, and applying the theoretical framework of new economics of labor migration, this study explores the influences of labor migration on the direction and scale of land transfer from the perspective of rural household structure. The results indicate that: 1) the quantity of laborers has significant influence on the direction and scale of land transfer. The larger the on-farm labor variable(Labor), the lesser the possibility that land will be rented-out and the amount of land rented out will also be smaller. In addition, there is a greater probability that land will be rented-in and the amount of land rented-in will be greater. 2) The greater the ratio of off-farm laborers to rural household laborers(Off-farm) the greater the possibility that land will be rented-out. In addition the higher the ratio of on-farm laborers to the total household laborers(On-farm), the larger the possibility that land will be rented-in. Meanwhile, if the household has individuals at the age of 64 or older(Old) who are engaged in agriculture, there is a smaller possibility that land will be rentedout. 3) the ratio of part-time laborers to rural household laborers(Pluriactivity) have significant inverse U-shaped influences on the rent-in of land as well as the amount of land rented-in. The inflection points are 33.27% and 14.10%, respectively. Such findings confirm the significance of this study in better understanding the influence of labor migration on rural household land transfer.
基金supported by the Guangdong Province Key Area R&D Program under grant No.2018B010113001National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No.2018YFB1804704+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No.61902171the Shenzhen Key Lab of Software Defined Networking under grant No.ZDSYS20140509172959989.
文摘The combination of network function virtualization and software-defined networking allows various network functions to process flows according to their characteristics and requirements.Due to the highly dynamic nature of the workload,the network infrastructure needs to properly schedule the underlying resources in order to respond to workload changes in a timely manner.However,the existing NFV platform lacks a comprehensive solution for how to scale under workload variation,which may seriously hurt the overall system performance.To improve the scalability of the NFV platform and ensure consistent high performance under dynamic workloads,we propose AdaptNF,a novel NFV platform designed to support a combination of course-grained and fine-grained resource scheduling strategies.To deal with resource imbalance,which is the essential scheduling problem that leads to insufficient NFV performance,AdaptNF adopts a novel algorithm that can efficiently balance the workload among multiple network function instances through stateless flow migration.Our controlled experiments show that the AdaptNF scheme can optimize resource allocation and ensure outstanding performance after scaling.In terms of network throughput and latency,AdaptNF significantly improves the performance of the underlying NFV platform.
