Rechargeable alkali metal-air batteries are considered as the most promising candidate for the power source of electric vehicles(EVs) due to their high energy density. However, the practical application of metal-air b...Rechargeable alkali metal-air batteries are considered as the most promising candidate for the power source of electric vehicles(EVs) due to their high energy density. However, the practical application of metal-air batteries is still challenging. In the past decade, many strategies have been purposed and explored, which promoted the development of metal-air batteries. The reaction mechanisms have been gradually clarified and catalysts have been rationally designed for air cathodes. In this review, we summarize the recent development of alkali metal-air batteries from four parts: metal anodes, electrolytes, air cathodes and reactant gases, wherein we highlight the important achievement in this filed. Finally problems and prospective are discussed towards the future development of alkali metal-air batteries.展开更多
Energy storage and conversion have attained significant intere st owing to its important applications that reduce CO2 emission through employing green energy.Some promising technologies are included metalair batteries...Energy storage and conversion have attained significant intere st owing to its important applications that reduce CO2 emission through employing green energy.Some promising technologies are included metalair batteries,metal-sulfur batteries,metal-ion batteries,electrochemical capacitors,etc.Here,metal elements are involved with lithium,sodium,and magnesium.For these devices,electrode materials are of importance to obtain high performance.Two-dimensional(2 D) materials are a large kind of layered structured materials with promising future as energy storage materials,which include graphene,black phosporu s,MXenes,covalent organic frameworks(COFs),2 D oxides,2 D chalcogenides,and others.Great progress has been achieved to go ahead for 2 D materials in energy storage and conversion.More researchers will join in this research field.Under the background,it has motivated us to contribute with a roadmap on ’two-dimensional materials for energy storage and conversion.展开更多
The oxygen evolution reaction(OER) and oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) are coupled with various sustainable energy systems and are significant for the future energy scenario. Both of them suffer from sluggish kinetics,...The oxygen evolution reaction(OER) and oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) are coupled with various sustainable energy systems and are significant for the future energy scenario. Both of them suffer from sluggish kinetics, which calls for cost-effective and high-performance electrocatalysts to promote. The oxygen electrolysis of OER and ORR is heterogeneous reaction, which involves reactant and electron transfer, and a serial of complicate surface reactions. Both intrinsic catalyst activity and extrinsic physicochemical characters play a vital role in overall electrocatalytic reactivity. Herein. recent advances in rational design and effective construction of precious-metal-free materials are reviewed for OER and ORR, respectively, in the respects of electronic structure regulation, nanostructure tailor, and freestanding electrode fabrication. The reaction mechanism of OER and ORR are also updated. This review provides emerging energy chemistry concepts and materials chemistry strategies of electrocatalysts for OER and ORR, which is also enlightening for other energy conversion devices with targeted optimization.展开更多
基金supported by NSFC(21473094 and21421001)MOE Innovation Team(IRT13022) in China
文摘Rechargeable alkali metal-air batteries are considered as the most promising candidate for the power source of electric vehicles(EVs) due to their high energy density. However, the practical application of metal-air batteries is still challenging. In the past decade, many strategies have been purposed and explored, which promoted the development of metal-air batteries. The reaction mechanisms have been gradually clarified and catalysts have been rationally designed for air cathodes. In this review, we summarize the recent development of alkali metal-air batteries from four parts: metal anodes, electrolytes, air cathodes and reactant gases, wherein we highlight the important achievement in this filed. Finally problems and prospective are discussed towards the future development of alkali metal-air batteries.
文摘为了得到高性能的双效氧电极,研究了钙钛矿型掺杂LaNiO3电催化剂的溶胶-凝胶制备方法,通过热重- 差热分析、红外分析、XRD分析以及催化剂的粒径分布分析等手段,探讨了pH值、柠檬酸用量以及焙烧制度对催化剂制备的影响.结果表明,制备LaNiO3的溶胶-凝胶法的最佳工艺条件是:柠檬酸的用量为金属离子总物质的量的1.5倍;pH值调节为9;焙烧制度为在750℃下焙烧2 h.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21601148)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (No. 2017J05090)
文摘Energy storage and conversion have attained significant intere st owing to its important applications that reduce CO2 emission through employing green energy.Some promising technologies are included metalair batteries,metal-sulfur batteries,metal-ion batteries,electrochemical capacitors,etc.Here,metal elements are involved with lithium,sodium,and magnesium.For these devices,electrode materials are of importance to obtain high performance.Two-dimensional(2 D) materials are a large kind of layered structured materials with promising future as energy storage materials,which include graphene,black phosporu s,MXenes,covalent organic frameworks(COFs),2 D oxides,2 D chalcogenides,and others.Great progress has been achieved to go ahead for 2 D materials in energy storage and conversion.More researchers will join in this research field.Under the background,it has motivated us to contribute with a roadmap on ’two-dimensional materials for energy storage and conversion.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program(No.2016YFA0202500)the Natural Scientific Foundation of China(Nos.21676160,21776019 and 21825501)+1 种基金the CAS Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials(No.KLCMKFJJ1701)111 Project(No.B12015P)
文摘The oxygen evolution reaction(OER) and oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) are coupled with various sustainable energy systems and are significant for the future energy scenario. Both of them suffer from sluggish kinetics, which calls for cost-effective and high-performance electrocatalysts to promote. The oxygen electrolysis of OER and ORR is heterogeneous reaction, which involves reactant and electron transfer, and a serial of complicate surface reactions. Both intrinsic catalyst activity and extrinsic physicochemical characters play a vital role in overall electrocatalytic reactivity. Herein. recent advances in rational design and effective construction of precious-metal-free materials are reviewed for OER and ORR, respectively, in the respects of electronic structure regulation, nanostructure tailor, and freestanding electrode fabrication. The reaction mechanism of OER and ORR are also updated. This review provides emerging energy chemistry concepts and materials chemistry strategies of electrocatalysts for OER and ORR, which is also enlightening for other energy conversion devices with targeted optimization.
