Objective To review the implementation of mass vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine and its critical role in prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in China.Data sources The data were mainly from PubMed, China Hospit...Objective To review the implementation of mass vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine and its critical role in prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in China.Data sources The data were mainly from PubMed, China Hospital Knowledge Database, and other popular Chinese journals published from 1980 to 2008. The search term was ＂hepatitis B vaccine＂.Study selection Original studies conducted in China and critical reviews authored by principal investigators in the field of hepatology in China were selected.Results Chinese investigators started to develop hepatitis B vaccine in late 1970s. The first home-made plasma-derived vaccine became available in 1986, which has been completely replaced by the domestically produced recombinant （yeast or Chinese hamster ovary cell） vaccine since 2001. China health authority recommended vaccinating all infants in 1992. From then on, China has put tremendous efforts in implementation of mass vaccination. The overall coverage of hepatitis B vaccine in infants has increased steadily and reached more than 95.0% in urban and 83.0%-97.0% in rural areas. The chronic HBV carrier rate in children 〈10 years of age decreased from 10.0% before the mass vaccination to 1.0%-2.0% in 2006, and that in general population decreased from 10.0% to 7.2%; overall, the nationwide mass hepatitis B vaccination has reduced more than 30 million of chronic HBV infections and HBV related severe sequlae.Conclusion The Chinese successful experience in control of hepatitis B by mass vaccination offers an example for any unindustrialized country whoever is committed to control this disease.展开更多
目的了解含风疹成份疫苗(Rubella Contained Vaccine,RCV)大规模接种后,对人群风疹免疫水平的影响。方法对浙江省2009年全人群风疹免疫水平监测数据进行分析。结果全人群风疹抗体阳性率为67.52%,几何平均浓度(Geometric Mean Concentrat...目的了解含风疹成份疫苗(Rubella Contained Vaccine,RCV)大规模接种后,对人群风疹免疫水平的影响。方法对浙江省2009年全人群风疹免疫水平监测数据进行分析。结果全人群风疹抗体阳性率为67.52%,几何平均浓度(Geometric Mean Concentration,GMC)为20.04国际单位/毫升(IU/ml),以4～7月龄最低,2～4岁最高,15～39岁女性抗体阳性率为67.82%。有RCV免疫史者中,97.36%集中于8月龄～19岁。其中8～23月龄、2～4岁组有免疫史的比例明显高于其他年龄组。有RCV免疫史及风疹患病史人群免疫水平明显升高。8月龄～2岁常规免疫覆盖人群中,有1剂、2剂次RCV免疫史者风疹抗体GMC均高于无免疫史者,但两者间的差异无统计学意义(P=0.085)。<20岁各年龄组风疹免疫水平与发病率基本上呈反比。结论常规免疫覆盖人群风疹免疫水平较使用疫苗前明显提高,发病率明显下降。而青少年及成人风疹免疫水平却较使用疫苗前有不同程度下降。展开更多
目的评价彝良县地震灾区18月龄~14岁儿童甲型肝炎疫苗（Hepatitis A Vaccine,Hep A）群体性接种情况和流行病学效果。方法采用回顾性描述的方法对彝良县4个灾区乡镇的Hep A接种率、甲肝发病情况进行分析。结果4个乡镇共接种Hep A 50 58...目的评价彝良县地震灾区18月龄~14岁儿童甲型肝炎疫苗（Hepatitis A Vaccine,Hep A）群体性接种情况和流行病学效果。方法采用回顾性描述的方法对彝良县4个灾区乡镇的Hep A接种率、甲肝发病情况进行分析。结果4个乡镇共接种Hep A 50 584名儿童,报告接种率（98.36%）高于调查接种率（86.11%）和快速评估接种率（74.77%）。接种乡镇与对照乡镇比较,甲肝疫情下降趋势明显,发病率从2010年313.03/10万下降至2013年39.35/10万。接种Hep A后无14岁以下甲肝病例报告。接种中仅发生2例轻微疑似预防接种异常反应。结论本次地震灾后Hep A群体性接种经过科学、规范的组织,达到预防甲肝流行的效果,为今后类似灾后免疫规划应对积累了经验。展开更多
基金This study was supported by the grants from the Principal Fellow from Jiangsu Province Department of Health, China （No. RC2007005, to Zhou YH）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30570063, to Zhuang H）, the 863 National High Technology Research and Development Program of China （No. 2006A A02Z453, to Zhuang H） and the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province （No. 0728008, to Zhuang H）.
文摘Objective To review the implementation of mass vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine and its critical role in prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in China.Data sources The data were mainly from PubMed, China Hospital Knowledge Database, and other popular Chinese journals published from 1980 to 2008. The search term was ＂hepatitis B vaccine＂.Study selection Original studies conducted in China and critical reviews authored by principal investigators in the field of hepatology in China were selected.Results Chinese investigators started to develop hepatitis B vaccine in late 1970s. The first home-made plasma-derived vaccine became available in 1986, which has been completely replaced by the domestically produced recombinant （yeast or Chinese hamster ovary cell） vaccine since 2001. China health authority recommended vaccinating all infants in 1992. From then on, China has put tremendous efforts in implementation of mass vaccination. The overall coverage of hepatitis B vaccine in infants has increased steadily and reached more than 95.0% in urban and 83.0%-97.0% in rural areas. The chronic HBV carrier rate in children 〈10 years of age decreased from 10.0% before the mass vaccination to 1.0%-2.0% in 2006, and that in general population decreased from 10.0% to 7.2%; overall, the nationwide mass hepatitis B vaccination has reduced more than 30 million of chronic HBV infections and HBV related severe sequlae.Conclusion The Chinese successful experience in control of hepatitis B by mass vaccination offers an example for any unindustrialized country whoever is committed to control this disease.
文摘目的了解含风疹成份疫苗(Rubella Contained Vaccine,RCV)大规模接种后,对人群风疹免疫水平的影响。方法对浙江省2009年全人群风疹免疫水平监测数据进行分析。结果全人群风疹抗体阳性率为67.52%,几何平均浓度(Geometric Mean Concentration,GMC)为20.04国际单位/毫升(IU/ml),以4～7月龄最低,2～4岁最高,15～39岁女性抗体阳性率为67.82%。有RCV免疫史者中,97.36%集中于8月龄～19岁。其中8～23月龄、2～4岁组有免疫史的比例明显高于其他年龄组。有RCV免疫史及风疹患病史人群免疫水平明显升高。8月龄～2岁常规免疫覆盖人群中,有1剂、2剂次RCV免疫史者风疹抗体GMC均高于无免疫史者,但两者间的差异无统计学意义(P=0.085)。<20岁各年龄组风疹免疫水平与发病率基本上呈反比。结论常规免疫覆盖人群风疹免疫水平较使用疫苗前明显提高,发病率明显下降。而青少年及成人风疹免疫水平却较使用疫苗前有不同程度下降。
文摘目的评价彝良县地震灾区18月龄~14岁儿童甲型肝炎疫苗（Hepatitis A Vaccine,Hep A）群体性接种情况和流行病学效果。方法采用回顾性描述的方法对彝良县4个灾区乡镇的Hep A接种率、甲肝发病情况进行分析。结果4个乡镇共接种Hep A 50 584名儿童,报告接种率（98.36%）高于调查接种率（86.11%）和快速评估接种率（74.77%）。接种乡镇与对照乡镇比较,甲肝疫情下降趋势明显,发病率从2010年313.03/10万下降至2013年39.35/10万。接种Hep A后无14岁以下甲肝病例报告。接种中仅发生2例轻微疑似预防接种异常反应。结论本次地震灾后Hep A群体性接种经过科学、规范的组织,达到预防甲肝流行的效果,为今后类似灾后免疫规划应对积累了经验。
