Particle number and mass concentrations were measured in Beijing during the winter and summer periods in 2003, together with some other parameters including black carbon (BC) and meteorological conditions. Particle ma...Particle number and mass concentrations were measured in Beijing during the winter and summer periods in 2003, together with some other parameters including black carbon (BC) and meteorological conditions. Particle mass concentrations exhibited low seasonality, and the ratio of PM2.5/PM10 in winter was higher than that in summer. Particle number size distribution (PSD) was characterized by four modes and exhibited low seasonality. BC was well correlated with the number and mass concentrations of accumulation and coarse particles, indicating these size particles are related to anthropogenic activities. Particle mass and number concentrations (except ultra-fine and nucleation particles) followed well the trends of BC concentration for the majority of the day, indicating that most particles were associated with primary emissions. The diurnal number distributions of accumulation and coarse mode particles were characterized by two peaks.展开更多
含油微藻的破碎是微藻制油过程中的重要环节。为此,利用清华大学自主研制的高压脉冲电源(THU-PEF4)系统,针对小球藻的光合活性和叶绿素质量浓度这2个生物量,重点考察了高压脉冲电场强度、脉冲宽度、脉冲重复频率、电场极性及样品电导率...含油微藻的破碎是微藻制油过程中的重要环节。为此,利用清华大学自主研制的高压脉冲电源(THU-PEF4)系统,针对小球藻的光合活性和叶绿素质量浓度这2个生物量,重点考察了高压脉冲电场强度、脉冲宽度、脉冲重复频率、电场极性及样品电导率对小球藻处理效果的影响,在此基础上结合双荧光染色法和流式细胞仪研究了高压脉冲电场(PEF)对微藻细胞的穿孔破碎效果。研究发现高压脉冲电场强度和脉冲注入能量密度是影响高压脉冲电场处理效果的关键因素,而脉冲宽度、脉冲重复频率、电场极性对小球藻的处理效果影响不大。当电场强度从2.5 MV/m增加到5.0 MV/m时,20 m S/m电导率下的小球藻细胞破碎率从17.21%增加至83.29%;当脉冲注入能量密度从8.9 k J/L增加到149.52 k J/L时,4.5 MV/m电场强度作用下的小球藻细胞破碎率从9.78%提高到81.78%。展开更多
文摘Particle number and mass concentrations were measured in Beijing during the winter and summer periods in 2003, together with some other parameters including black carbon (BC) and meteorological conditions. Particle mass concentrations exhibited low seasonality, and the ratio of PM2.5/PM10 in winter was higher than that in summer. Particle number size distribution (PSD) was characterized by four modes and exhibited low seasonality. BC was well correlated with the number and mass concentrations of accumulation and coarse particles, indicating these size particles are related to anthropogenic activities. Particle mass and number concentrations (except ultra-fine and nucleation particles) followed well the trends of BC concentration for the majority of the day, indicating that most particles were associated with primary emissions. The diurnal number distributions of accumulation and coarse mode particles were characterized by two peaks.
文摘含油微藻的破碎是微藻制油过程中的重要环节。为此,利用清华大学自主研制的高压脉冲电源(THU-PEF4)系统,针对小球藻的光合活性和叶绿素质量浓度这2个生物量,重点考察了高压脉冲电场强度、脉冲宽度、脉冲重复频率、电场极性及样品电导率对小球藻处理效果的影响,在此基础上结合双荧光染色法和流式细胞仪研究了高压脉冲电场(PEF)对微藻细胞的穿孔破碎效果。研究发现高压脉冲电场强度和脉冲注入能量密度是影响高压脉冲电场处理效果的关键因素,而脉冲宽度、脉冲重复频率、电场极性对小球藻的处理效果影响不大。当电场强度从2.5 MV/m增加到5.0 MV/m时,20 m S/m电导率下的小球藻细胞破碎率从17.21%增加至83.29%;当脉冲注入能量密度从8.9 k J/L增加到149.52 k J/L时,4.5 MV/m电场强度作用下的小球藻细胞破碎率从9.78%提高到81.78%。
