The construction of the tweakable Even-Mansour cipher is in fact the designs of permutations,mask operations,and masking functions.For information-theoretic security,permutations are usually taken as random permutatio...The construction of the tweakable Even-Mansour cipher is in fact the designs of permutations,mask operations,and masking functions.For information-theoretic security,permutations are usually taken as random permutations.This paper focuses on the mask operations and masking functions to construct a universal tweakable Even-Mansour cipher.Firstly,we describe a formal definition of a universal masking function and provide a universal tweakable Even-Mansour cipher UTEM.In the random permutation model,we prove that UTEM is multi-key secure by H-coefficients technique.Then we show some efficient instantiations of the universal masking function to concertize UTEM.Finally,we apply UTEM to an encryption mode TIE(tweak incrementation encryption)and an authenticated encryption mode IAPM(integrity aware parallelizable mode),present two new schemes TIE-plus and IAPM-plus,and prove their security.UTEM enriches tweakable blockciphers,brings more research topics,and plays an important role in modes of operation,which will be of great significance.展开更多
Abstract: Objective To apply the response surface-central composite design to developing and optimizing the oral fastdisintegrating tablets (ODT) formulation for Jiawei Qing’e, a kind of prescription of Chinese herba...Abstract: Objective To apply the response surface-central composite design to developing and optimizing the oral fastdisintegrating tablets (ODT) formulation for Jiawei Qing’e, a kind of prescription of Chinese herbal medicine.Methods The bitterness of Jiawei Qing’e was masked using Eudragit E-100 by solvent evaporation technique.Response surface approach was applied to investigating the interaction of formulation parameters in optimizing theformulation. The independent variables were Eudragit E-100/drug ratio (X1), amount of disintegrants (X2), and theamount of diluents (X3). The disintegration time (Y1), hardness (Y2), and weight variations of the tablets werecharacterized. Results The models predicted levels of X1= 4.63%, X2= 5.25%, and X3= 34.33%, for the optimalformulation having a hardness of 3.0 kg with the disintegration time of 30 s within experimental region. The observedresponse of Y1= 26.5 s and Y2= 3.14 kg reasonably agreed with the predicted response. Conclusion Responsesurface methodology shows the good predictability and reliability in optimizing the formulation. The optimized ODTof Jiawei Qing’e has acceptable taste, rapid disintegrating ability, and good mechanical strength.展开更多
Image enhancement plays an important role in many applications of medical imaging. Image enhancement technologies can improve the qualities of medical images with low contrast and high level noise by stretching contra...Image enhancement plays an important role in many applications of medical imaging. Image enhancement technologies can improve the qualities of medical images with low contrast and high level noise by stretching contrast, suppressing noise and so on. Such images processed by image enhancement technologies are helpful to doctors in analyses and diagnoses. In this paper, we present a technical review of various existing image enhancement methodologies which are often emoloved.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFB2101704)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61902195 and 62102196)NUPTSF(NY219131).
文摘The construction of the tweakable Even-Mansour cipher is in fact the designs of permutations,mask operations,and masking functions.For information-theoretic security,permutations are usually taken as random permutations.This paper focuses on the mask operations and masking functions to construct a universal tweakable Even-Mansour cipher.Firstly,we describe a formal definition of a universal masking function and provide a universal tweakable Even-Mansour cipher UTEM.In the random permutation model,we prove that UTEM is multi-key secure by H-coefficients technique.Then we show some efficient instantiations of the universal masking function to concertize UTEM.Finally,we apply UTEM to an encryption mode TIE(tweak incrementation encryption)and an authenticated encryption mode IAPM(integrity aware parallelizable mode),present two new schemes TIE-plus and IAPM-plus,and prove their security.UTEM enriches tweakable blockciphers,brings more research topics,and plays an important role in modes of operation,which will be of great significance.
基金Major Projects of National Science and Technology on"New Drug Creation and Development"(2012ZX09103201-0462012ZX09101212)
文摘Abstract: Objective To apply the response surface-central composite design to developing and optimizing the oral fastdisintegrating tablets (ODT) formulation for Jiawei Qing’e, a kind of prescription of Chinese herbal medicine.Methods The bitterness of Jiawei Qing’e was masked using Eudragit E-100 by solvent evaporation technique.Response surface approach was applied to investigating the interaction of formulation parameters in optimizing theformulation. The independent variables were Eudragit E-100/drug ratio (X1), amount of disintegrants (X2), and theamount of diluents (X3). The disintegration time (Y1), hardness (Y2), and weight variations of the tablets werecharacterized. Results The models predicted levels of X1= 4.63%, X2= 5.25%, and X3= 34.33%, for the optimalformulation having a hardness of 3.0 kg with the disintegration time of 30 s within experimental region. The observedresponse of Y1= 26.5 s and Y2= 3.14 kg reasonably agreed with the predicted response. Conclusion Responsesurface methodology shows the good predictability and reliability in optimizing the formulation. The optimized ODTof Jiawei Qing’e has acceptable taste, rapid disintegrating ability, and good mechanical strength.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (20110131130004)Independent Innovation Foundation of Shandong University,IIFSDU (2012TB013)Ji’nan Science and Technology Development Project (No.201202015)
文摘Image enhancement plays an important role in many applications of medical imaging. Image enhancement technologies can improve the qualities of medical images with low contrast and high level noise by stretching contrast, suppressing noise and so on. Such images processed by image enhancement technologies are helpful to doctors in analyses and diagnoses. In this paper, we present a technical review of various existing image enhancement methodologies which are often emoloved.
