红树林是世界上单位生产力最高的生态系统之一,其能够持续地固定有机碳,对全球碳平衡和生物地球化学循环有着深远影响。以广东湛江国家级红树林自然保护区高桥核心区为研究区,旨在分析我国典型红树林湿地的固碳潜力,为红树林湿地碳计量...红树林是世界上单位生产力最高的生态系统之一,其能够持续地固定有机碳,对全球碳平衡和生物地球化学循环有着深远影响。以广东湛江国家级红树林自然保护区高桥核心区为研究区,旨在分析我国典型红树林湿地的固碳潜力,为红树林湿地碳计量提供依据。在垂直于海岸线的两条样线上选取6个不同潮位的样点进行沉积柱取样分析,通过重铬酸钾氧化-外加热法测定有机碳含量,基于放射性同位素^(210)Pb定年推演沉积率,并对湿地有机碳密度和埋藏率进行计算。结果表明:研究区红树林湿地有机碳含量2.14—36.94 g/kg,平均(12.79±9.91)g/kg。红树林湿地有机碳密度为(0.0100±0.0056)g/cm3,空间上差异显著显著,水平方向上两条样线均以中带样点的有机碳密度最大,近陆侧(内带)样点的有机碳密度高于近海侧(外带);垂直方向上,内带和外带样柱的有机碳密度均以表层最高,而且随深度增加而减小。研究区红树林湿地百年尺度上沉积率为6.5—11mm/a,且外带样点沉积速率显著快于内带样点。有机碳埋藏率空间差异大,外带样点为(34.58±7.67)g m-2a-1,而中带样点可达150.56 g m-2a-1。红树林湿地有机碳的分布受潮位的影响大,更高潮位点和表层的有机碳含量和密度更高,而处于低潮位的外带样点的有机碳沉积更快。研究区红树林湿地有机碳含量和密度比更低纬度带低,但均高于地带性陆地植被,且其能够通过持续的沉积过程来捕捉和固定有机碳,固碳潜力大。展开更多
Estuaries are important sites for mercury (Hg) methylation, with sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) thought to be the main Hg methylators. Distributions of total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) in mangrove...Estuaries are important sites for mercury (Hg) methylation, with sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) thought to be the main Hg methylators. Distributions of total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) in mangrove sediment and sediment core from Jiulong River Estuary Provincial Mangrove Reserve, China were determined and the possible mechanisms of Hg methylation and their controlling factors in mangrove sediments were investigated. Microbiological and geochemical parameters were also determined. Results showed that SRB constitute a small fraction of total bacteria (TB) in both surface sediments and the profile of sediments. The content of THg, MeHg, TB, and SRB were (350 ± 150) ng/g, (0.47 ± 0.11) ng/g, (1.4× 10^011 ± 4.1 × 10^9) cfu/g dry weight (dw), and (5.0× 10^6 d: 2.7 × 10^6) cfu/g dw in surficial sediments, respectively, and (240 ± 24) ng/g, (0.30 ± 0.15) ng/g, (1.9 × 10^11 ± 4.2 × 10^9) cfu/g dw, and (1.3 × 10^6 ± 2.0 × 10^6) cfu/g dw in sediment core, respectively. Results showed that THg, MeHg, TB, MeHg/THg, salinity and total sulfur (TS) increased with depth, but total organic matter (TOM), SRB, and pH decreased with depth. Concentrations of MeHg in sediments showed significant positive correlation with THg, salinity, TS, and MeHg/THg, and significant negative correlation with SRB, TOM, and pH. It was concluded that other microbes, rather than SRB, may also act as main Hg methylators in mangrove sediments.展开更多
为了探究重金属对红树林表层沉积物和根系沉积物微生物群落多样性的影响,于深圳福田红树林自然保护区、深圳湾红树林公园、坝光红树林以及香港米埔自然保护区采集了表层沉积物与根系沉积物样品,测定了沉积物中5种重金属(Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn...为了探究重金属对红树林表层沉积物和根系沉积物微生物群落多样性的影响,于深圳福田红树林自然保护区、深圳湾红树林公园、坝光红树林以及香港米埔自然保护区采集了表层沉积物与根系沉积物样品,测定了沉积物中5种重金属(Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb)的含量,并采用污染负荷指数法(PLI)对重金属污染情况进行了评价。同时,利用Illumina Hi Seq二代高通量测序技术对沉积物细菌的16S r DNA V4可变区进行测序,并进行OTUs注释分类、聚类分析、α-多样性分析(Shannon指数)与Spearman相关性分析。结果表明:不同红树林之间的沉积物重金属含量差异显著(P<0.05),米埔自然保护区潮滩区和红树林区的沉积物重金属区域污染负荷指数最高,分别为1.51和1.38,其次是深圳福田红树林自然保护区、深圳湾红树林公园和坝光红树林,区域污染负荷指数分别为0.45、0.31和0.21;表层沉积物和根系沉积物样品的主要优势菌,在门水平上为变形杆菌(Proteobackteria)、绿弯菌(Chloroflexi)、放线菌(Actinobacteria)、拟杆菌(Bacteroidetes)、厚壁菌(Firmicutes)等,在纲水平上为γ-变形杆菌(Gammaproteobacteria)、α-变形杆菌(Alphaproteobacteria)、δ-变形杆菌(Deltaproteobacteria)、厌氧绳菌(Anaerolineae)、β-变形杆菌(Betaproteobacteria)等;尽管微生物多样性分析结果显示沉积物微生物群落多样性与重金属污染无显著相关性(P>0.05),但Spearman相关性分析结果表明重金属可能对某些门或纲(如BRC1门、ε-变形杆菌纲)的群落多样性产生显著影响(P<0.05)。展开更多
文摘红树林是世界上单位生产力最高的生态系统之一,其能够持续地固定有机碳,对全球碳平衡和生物地球化学循环有着深远影响。以广东湛江国家级红树林自然保护区高桥核心区为研究区,旨在分析我国典型红树林湿地的固碳潜力,为红树林湿地碳计量提供依据。在垂直于海岸线的两条样线上选取6个不同潮位的样点进行沉积柱取样分析,通过重铬酸钾氧化-外加热法测定有机碳含量,基于放射性同位素^(210)Pb定年推演沉积率,并对湿地有机碳密度和埋藏率进行计算。结果表明:研究区红树林湿地有机碳含量2.14—36.94 g/kg,平均(12.79±9.91)g/kg。红树林湿地有机碳密度为(0.0100±0.0056)g/cm3,空间上差异显著显著,水平方向上两条样线均以中带样点的有机碳密度最大,近陆侧(内带)样点的有机碳密度高于近海侧(外带);垂直方向上,内带和外带样柱的有机碳密度均以表层最高,而且随深度增加而减小。研究区红树林湿地百年尺度上沉积率为6.5—11mm/a,且外带样点沉积速率显著快于内带样点。有机碳埋藏率空间差异大,外带样点为(34.58±7.67)g m-2a-1,而中带样点可达150.56 g m-2a-1。红树林湿地有机碳的分布受潮位的影响大,更高潮位点和表层的有机碳含量和密度更高,而处于低潮位的外带样点的有机碳沉积更快。研究区红树林湿地有机碳含量和密度比更低纬度带低,但均高于地带性陆地植被,且其能够通过持续的沉积过程来捕捉和固定有机碳,固碳潜力大。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.40676064,30530150)the Guangdong-HK Technology Cooperation Funding Scheme (No.08-Lh-04)+1 种基金the Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment (East China Institute of Technology), the Ministry of Education (No.070717,081203)the State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry,Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,and the National Supporting Projects of Science & Technology in Forestry (2009BADB2B0605)
文摘Estuaries are important sites for mercury (Hg) methylation, with sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) thought to be the main Hg methylators. Distributions of total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) in mangrove sediment and sediment core from Jiulong River Estuary Provincial Mangrove Reserve, China were determined and the possible mechanisms of Hg methylation and their controlling factors in mangrove sediments were investigated. Microbiological and geochemical parameters were also determined. Results showed that SRB constitute a small fraction of total bacteria (TB) in both surface sediments and the profile of sediments. The content of THg, MeHg, TB, and SRB were (350 ± 150) ng/g, (0.47 ± 0.11) ng/g, (1.4× 10^011 ± 4.1 × 10^9) cfu/g dry weight (dw), and (5.0× 10^6 d: 2.7 × 10^6) cfu/g dw in surficial sediments, respectively, and (240 ± 24) ng/g, (0.30 ± 0.15) ng/g, (1.9 × 10^11 ± 4.2 × 10^9) cfu/g dw, and (1.3 × 10^6 ± 2.0 × 10^6) cfu/g dw in sediment core, respectively. Results showed that THg, MeHg, TB, MeHg/THg, salinity and total sulfur (TS) increased with depth, but total organic matter (TOM), SRB, and pH decreased with depth. Concentrations of MeHg in sediments showed significant positive correlation with THg, salinity, TS, and MeHg/THg, and significant negative correlation with SRB, TOM, and pH. It was concluded that other microbes, rather than SRB, may also act as main Hg methylators in mangrove sediments.
文摘为了探究重金属对红树林表层沉积物和根系沉积物微生物群落多样性的影响,于深圳福田红树林自然保护区、深圳湾红树林公园、坝光红树林以及香港米埔自然保护区采集了表层沉积物与根系沉积物样品,测定了沉积物中5种重金属(Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb)的含量,并采用污染负荷指数法(PLI)对重金属污染情况进行了评价。同时,利用Illumina Hi Seq二代高通量测序技术对沉积物细菌的16S r DNA V4可变区进行测序,并进行OTUs注释分类、聚类分析、α-多样性分析(Shannon指数)与Spearman相关性分析。结果表明:不同红树林之间的沉积物重金属含量差异显著(P<0.05),米埔自然保护区潮滩区和红树林区的沉积物重金属区域污染负荷指数最高,分别为1.51和1.38,其次是深圳福田红树林自然保护区、深圳湾红树林公园和坝光红树林,区域污染负荷指数分别为0.45、0.31和0.21;表层沉积物和根系沉积物样品的主要优势菌,在门水平上为变形杆菌(Proteobackteria)、绿弯菌(Chloroflexi)、放线菌(Actinobacteria)、拟杆菌(Bacteroidetes)、厚壁菌(Firmicutes)等,在纲水平上为γ-变形杆菌(Gammaproteobacteria)、α-变形杆菌(Alphaproteobacteria)、δ-变形杆菌(Deltaproteobacteria)、厌氧绳菌(Anaerolineae)、β-变形杆菌(Betaproteobacteria)等;尽管微生物多样性分析结果显示沉积物微生物群落多样性与重金属污染无显著相关性(P>0.05),但Spearman相关性分析结果表明重金属可能对某些门或纲(如BRC1门、ε-变形杆菌纲)的群落多样性产生显著影响(P<0.05)。