In the long history of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),meridians play essential roles as the critical network to regulate the normal physiological functions of the human body.They are regarded to be the channels con...In the long history of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),meridians play essential roles as the critical network to regulate the normal physiological functions of the human body.They are regarded to be the channels connecting the internal organs with the body surface and various parts of the body.Although there are many studies and doctrines trying to reveal the nature of meridians for their validation in TCM,the mechanism underlying the meridians remains unclear.Herein,based on our macroscopic quantum state concept of ion channels(i.e.,sub-nanometer scale channels),we propose a quantum principle of meridians.The acupoints and organ symptom are in a macroscopic coherence state of the ion channels in meridians.By applying TCM treatments(e.g.,TCM massage,acupuncture,moxibustion,and electroacupuncture)on the acupoint,the corresponding organ symptom could be well regulated with help of quantum meridian state.展开更多
Neuroscience has been extensively developed for more than seventy years;however,there still remains lack of breakthrough understanding in the neural information field.A quantum coherent state of ion channels is recent...Neuroscience has been extensively developed for more than seventy years;however,there still remains lack of breakthrough understanding in the neural information field.A quantum coherent state of ion channels is recently proposed in neural system as an information carrier,but its physical expression is still not fixed.Here,employing a simple K^(+)channel as a typical instance,we theoretically build a conceptual model for the quantum state of a neural ion channel and demonstrate the macroscopic coherence state of multiple ion channels.The underlying mechanism is revealed to the mid-infrared photons released by ion oscillation in one ion channel together with their resonant and coherent coupling with the oscillations in other channels.An additional environment field(e.g.,brain wave)may regulate the coherence,potentially relating to the human consciousness.Clearly,there exist the channels of other ions in a neural system,which also potentially form a macroscopic coherence state of themselves,with the mechanism identical to that of K^(+)channels.An environment field can be expected to further regulate the quantum states of various ionic channels,leading to a total macroscopic coherence state of these channels,which is like the conductor in a symphony to achieve the harmony in music.These findings are expected to provide a promising viewpoint for neuroscience,as well as to improve treatments of the diseases and health problems related to neural system.展开更多
We investigate the boundary vaJue problem （BVP） of a quasi-one-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation with the Kronig-Penney potential （KPP） of period d, which governs a repulsive Bose-Einstein condensate. Under th...We investigate the boundary vaJue problem （BVP） of a quasi-one-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation with the Kronig-Penney potential （KPP） of period d, which governs a repulsive Bose-Einstein condensate. Under the zero and periodic boundary conditions, we show how to determine n exact stationary eigenstates {Rn} corresponding to different chemical potentials {μn} from the known solutions of the system. The n-th eigenstate P~ is the Jacobian elliptic function with period 2din for n = 1,2,…, and with zero points containing the potential barrier positions. So Rn is differentiable at any spatial point and R2 describes n complete wave-packets in each period of the KPP. It is revealed that one can use a laser pulse modeled by a 5 potential at site xi to manipulate the transitions from the states of {Rn} with zero Point x≠xi to the states of {Rn＇} with zero Point x= Xi. The results suggest an experimental scheme for applying BEC to test the BVP and to observe the macroscopic quantum transitions.展开更多
The internal energy U of the real, neutral-gas particles of total mass M in the volume V can have positive and negative values, whose regions are identified in the state chart of the gas. Depending on the relations am...The internal energy U of the real, neutral-gas particles of total mass M in the volume V can have positive and negative values, whose regions are identified in the state chart of the gas. Depending on the relations among gas temperature T, pressure p and mass-specific volume v=V/M, the mass exists as a uniform gas of freely-moving particles having positive values U or as more or less structured matter with negative values U. In the regions U>0?above the critical point [Tc , pc , vc] it holds that p(T,v)>pc and v>vc, and below the critical point it holds that p(T,v)c and v>vv , where vv is the mass-specific volume of saturated vapor. In the adjacent regions with negative internal energy values Uc is the line of equal positive and negative energy contributions and thus represents a line of vanishing internal energy ?U=0. At this level along the critical isochor the ever present microscopic fluctuations in energy and density become macroscopic fluctuations as the pressure decreases on approaching the critical point;these are to be observed in experiments on the critical opalescence. Crossing the isochor vc from U>0 to UΔU>0 happens without any discontinuity. The saturation line vv also separates the regions between U>0 and U , but does not represent a line U=0. The internal-energy values of saturated vapor Uv and condensate Ui can be determined absolutely as functions of vapor pressure p and densities (M/V)v and (M/V)i , repectively, yielding the results Uiv, U=Ui+Uvc and U=Ui=Uv=0 at the critical point. Crossing the line Vv from U=Uv>0 to U=Uv+UiΔU=-Ui>0 to be removed from the particle system. The thermodynamic and quantum-mechanical formulations of the internal energy of a particle system only agree if both the macroscopic and microscopic energy scales have the same absolute energy reference value 0. Arguments for the energy reference value in the state of transition from bound to freely- moving particles in macroscopic classical and microscopic quantum particle systems are discussed.展开更多
Nb/Al-AlOx/Nb tunnel junctions with controllable critical current density Jc are fabricated using the standard selective Nb etching process. Tunnel barriers are formed in different oxygen exposure conditions （oxygen ...Nb/Al-AlOx/Nb tunnel junctions with controllable critical current density Jc are fabricated using the standard selective Nb etching process. Tunnel barriers are formed in different oxygen exposure conditions （oxygen pressure P and oxidation time t）, giving rise to Jc ranging from 100A/cm^2 to above 2000A/cm^2. Jc shows a familiar linear dependence on P×t in logarithmic scales. We calculate the energy levels of the phase- and flux-type qubits using the achievable junction parameters and show that the fabricated Nb/Al-AlOx/Nb tunnel junctions can be used conveniently for quantum computation applications in the future.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21988102,22122207,T224100002,and 62101017)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFA1200404)+1 种基金the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(No.2021ZD0300500)the Development and Application of Ultra-Weak Magnetic Measurement Technology based on Atomic Magnetometer(No.2022-189-181).
文摘In the long history of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),meridians play essential roles as the critical network to regulate the normal physiological functions of the human body.They are regarded to be the channels connecting the internal organs with the body surface and various parts of the body.Although there are many studies and doctrines trying to reveal the nature of meridians for their validation in TCM,the mechanism underlying the meridians remains unclear.Herein,based on our macroscopic quantum state concept of ion channels(i.e.,sub-nanometer scale channels),we propose a quantum principle of meridians.The acupoints and organ symptom are in a macroscopic coherence state of the ion channels in meridians.By applying TCM treatments(e.g.,TCM massage,acupuncture,moxibustion,and electroacupuncture)on the acupoint,the corresponding organ symptom could be well regulated with help of quantum meridian state.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFE0205501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China Project(21988102)the National Supercomputer Center in Tianjin。
文摘Neuroscience has been extensively developed for more than seventy years;however,there still remains lack of breakthrough understanding in the neural information field.A quantum coherent state of ion channels is recently proposed in neural system as an information carrier,but its physical expression is still not fixed.Here,employing a simple K^(+)channel as a typical instance,we theoretically build a conceptual model for the quantum state of a neural ion channel and demonstrate the macroscopic coherence state of multiple ion channels.The underlying mechanism is revealed to the mid-infrared photons released by ion oscillation in one ion channel together with their resonant and coherent coupling with the oscillations in other channels.An additional environment field(e.g.,brain wave)may regulate the coherence,potentially relating to the human consciousness.Clearly,there exist the channels of other ions in a neural system,which also potentially form a macroscopic coherence state of themselves,with the mechanism identical to that of K^(+)channels.An environment field can be expected to further regulate the quantum states of various ionic channels,leading to a total macroscopic coherence state of these channels,which is like the conductor in a symphony to achieve the harmony in music.These findings are expected to provide a promising viewpoint for neuroscience,as well as to improve treatments of the diseases and health problems related to neural system.
基金The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.10575034 and 10875039
文摘We investigate the boundary vaJue problem （BVP） of a quasi-one-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation with the Kronig-Penney potential （KPP） of period d, which governs a repulsive Bose-Einstein condensate. Under the zero and periodic boundary conditions, we show how to determine n exact stationary eigenstates {Rn} corresponding to different chemical potentials {μn} from the known solutions of the system. The n-th eigenstate P~ is the Jacobian elliptic function with period 2din for n = 1,2,…, and with zero points containing the potential barrier positions. So Rn is differentiable at any spatial point and R2 describes n complete wave-packets in each period of the KPP. It is revealed that one can use a laser pulse modeled by a 5 potential at site xi to manipulate the transitions from the states of {Rn} with zero Point x≠xi to the states of {Rn＇} with zero Point x= Xi. The results suggest an experimental scheme for applying BEC to test the BVP and to observe the macroscopic quantum transitions.
文摘The internal energy U of the real, neutral-gas particles of total mass M in the volume V can have positive and negative values, whose regions are identified in the state chart of the gas. Depending on the relations among gas temperature T, pressure p and mass-specific volume v=V/M, the mass exists as a uniform gas of freely-moving particles having positive values U or as more or less structured matter with negative values U. In the regions U>0?above the critical point [Tc , pc , vc] it holds that p(T,v)>pc and v>vc, and below the critical point it holds that p(T,v)c and v>vv , where vv is the mass-specific volume of saturated vapor. In the adjacent regions with negative internal energy values Uc is the line of equal positive and negative energy contributions and thus represents a line of vanishing internal energy ?U=0. At this level along the critical isochor the ever present microscopic fluctuations in energy and density become macroscopic fluctuations as the pressure decreases on approaching the critical point;these are to be observed in experiments on the critical opalescence. Crossing the isochor vc from U>0 to UΔU>0 happens without any discontinuity. The saturation line vv also separates the regions between U>0 and U , but does not represent a line U=0. The internal-energy values of saturated vapor Uv and condensate Ui can be determined absolutely as functions of vapor pressure p and densities (M/V)v and (M/V)i , repectively, yielding the results Uiv, U=Ui+Uvc and U=Ui=Uv=0 at the critical point. Crossing the line Vv from U=Uv>0 to U=Uv+UiΔU=-Ui>0 to be removed from the particle system. The thermodynamic and quantum-mechanical formulations of the internal energy of a particle system only agree if both the macroscopic and microscopic energy scales have the same absolute energy reference value 0. Arguments for the energy reference value in the state of transition from bound to freely- moving particles in macroscopic classical and microscopic quantum particle systems are discussed.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos 10534060 and 10874231)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant Nos 2006CB601007, 2006CB921107, and 2009CB929102)
文摘Nb/Al-AlOx/Nb tunnel junctions with controllable critical current density Jc are fabricated using the standard selective Nb etching process. Tunnel barriers are formed in different oxygen exposure conditions （oxygen pressure P and oxidation time t）, giving rise to Jc ranging from 100A/cm^2 to above 2000A/cm^2. Jc shows a familiar linear dependence on P×t in logarithmic scales. We calculate the energy levels of the phase- and flux-type qubits using the achievable junction parameters and show that the fabricated Nb/Al-AlOx/Nb tunnel junctions can be used conveniently for quantum computation applications in the future.
