通过对氧化剂的选择、硝酸浓度影响实验和基体改进剂的选择等方面的研究优化了实验条件,最终确定使用硝酸双氧水体系作为氧化剂,选择合适的固液比为:样品/硝酸/过氧化氢=0.25 g/6 m L/2 m L,选择背景较低结果准确可靠的200μg/m L Pd(NO...通过对氧化剂的选择、硝酸浓度影响实验和基体改进剂的选择等方面的研究优化了实验条件,最终确定使用硝酸双氧水体系作为氧化剂,选择合适的固液比为:样品/硝酸/过氧化氢=0.25 g/6 m L/2 m L,选择背景较低结果准确可靠的200μg/m L Pd(NO3)2作为基体改进剂,同时选择合适的灰化温度500℃和原子化温度1200℃。对国家标准物质小麦粉进行测定,标准曲线相关系数大于0.999,检出限为0.0003 mg/kg,定量限为0.001 mg/kg,测定结果均在标准值范围内,低含量水平结果RSD为9.1%,高含量水平结果RSD为5.3%。该方法准确可靠、简便安全、总体成本低,尤其适合高通量谷物样品处理。展开更多
通过批式试验研究了低温热处理对餐厨垃圾与剩余污泥混合厌氧发酵的影响。结果表明,低温热处理可以促进有机质的溶出,提高厌氧发酵前期产甲烷速率;混合厌氧发酵能提高有机质利用率和甲烷产率。低温热处理混合厌氧发酵基质,甲烷产率及厌...通过批式试验研究了低温热处理对餐厨垃圾与剩余污泥混合厌氧发酵的影响。结果表明,低温热处理可以促进有机质的溶出,提高厌氧发酵前期产甲烷速率;混合厌氧发酵能提高有机质利用率和甲烷产率。低温热处理混合厌氧发酵基质,甲烷产率及厌氧发酵前期的产甲烷速率随着热处理时间及温度的增加而增加。在70℃下热处理30 min,混合基质发酵的甲烷产率为220.3 m L/g VS,较剩余污泥单独厌氧发酵提高了111.1%;最大产甲烷速率为30.8 m L/(g VS·d),较未经预处理的混合基质发酵提高了6.6%。展开更多
This study evaluated the effect of potassium ferrate(PF)and low-temperature thermal hydrolysis co-pretreatment on the promotion of sludge hydrolysis process and the impact on acid production in the subsequent anaerobi...This study evaluated the effect of potassium ferrate(PF)and low-temperature thermal hydrolysis co-pretreatment on the promotion of sludge hydrolysis process and the impact on acid production in the subsequent anaerobic digestion process.The analytical investigations showed that co-pretreatment significantly facilitated the hydrolysis process of the sludge and contributed to the accumulation of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs).The pretreatment conditions under the optimal leaching of organic matter from sludge were hydrothermal temperature of 75℃,hydrothermal treatment time of 12 h,and PF dosage of 0.25 g g^(−1)TSS(total suspended solids),according to the results of orthogonal experiments.By pretreatment under proper conditions,the removal rate of soluble chemical oxygen demand(SCOD)achieved 71.8%at the end of fermentation and the removal rate of total phosphorus(TP)was 69.1%.The maximum yield of SCFAs was 750.3 mg L^(−1),7.45 times greater than that of the blank group.Based on the analysis of the anaerobic digestion mechanism,it was indicated that the co-pretreatment could destroy the floc structure on the sludge surface and improve organic matter dissolving,resulting in more soluble organic substances for the acidification process.Furthermore,microbial community research revealed that the main cause of enhanced SCFAs generation was an increase in acidogenic bacteria and a reduction of methanogenic bacteria.展开更多
文摘通过对氧化剂的选择、硝酸浓度影响实验和基体改进剂的选择等方面的研究优化了实验条件,最终确定使用硝酸双氧水体系作为氧化剂,选择合适的固液比为:样品/硝酸/过氧化氢=0.25 g/6 m L/2 m L,选择背景较低结果准确可靠的200μg/m L Pd(NO3)2作为基体改进剂,同时选择合适的灰化温度500℃和原子化温度1200℃。对国家标准物质小麦粉进行测定,标准曲线相关系数大于0.999,检出限为0.0003 mg/kg,定量限为0.001 mg/kg,测定结果均在标准值范围内,低含量水平结果RSD为9.1%,高含量水平结果RSD为5.3%。该方法准确可靠、简便安全、总体成本低,尤其适合高通量谷物样品处理。
文摘以城市污水厂剩余活性污泥为对象,研究在不同碱解药剂和剂量以及不同水热预处理温度和水热时间下"碱解+低温水热预处理"的破胞效果。通过对预处理泥样进行中温((35±1)℃)厌氧消化生物化学甲烷势(biochemical methane potential,BMP)实验来评价该预处理工艺对中温厌氧消化性能的影响。实验结果表明,SCOD的溶出效果及VSS的减量化程度随着加碱剂量、水热温度的增加而呈现先升高后略有下降的趋势,且在碱解条件为0.05 g NaOH/g TS和水热条件为70℃、9 h时的预处理条件下破胞效果最为显著;在该预处理条件下,SCOD的溶出率可达52.3%,VSS的降解率达到33.3%。BMP实验结果显示,在最佳预处理条件下,与对照组相比,TCOD去除率提高了77.1%,甲烷产气量是对照组的2.7倍,甲烷产气率可达354 mL CH4/g VS。
文摘通过批式试验研究了低温热处理对餐厨垃圾与剩余污泥混合厌氧发酵的影响。结果表明,低温热处理可以促进有机质的溶出,提高厌氧发酵前期产甲烷速率;混合厌氧发酵能提高有机质利用率和甲烷产率。低温热处理混合厌氧发酵基质,甲烷产率及厌氧发酵前期的产甲烷速率随着热处理时间及温度的增加而增加。在70℃下热处理30 min,混合基质发酵的甲烷产率为220.3 m L/g VS,较剩余污泥单独厌氧发酵提高了111.1%;最大产甲烷速率为30.8 m L/(g VS·d),较未经预处理的混合基质发酵提高了6.6%。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41276067)the Air Liquide(China)R&D Co.,Ltd.(No.20200216).
文摘This study evaluated the effect of potassium ferrate(PF)and low-temperature thermal hydrolysis co-pretreatment on the promotion of sludge hydrolysis process and the impact on acid production in the subsequent anaerobic digestion process.The analytical investigations showed that co-pretreatment significantly facilitated the hydrolysis process of the sludge and contributed to the accumulation of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs).The pretreatment conditions under the optimal leaching of organic matter from sludge were hydrothermal temperature of 75℃,hydrothermal treatment time of 12 h,and PF dosage of 0.25 g g^(−1)TSS(total suspended solids),according to the results of orthogonal experiments.By pretreatment under proper conditions,the removal rate of soluble chemical oxygen demand(SCOD)achieved 71.8%at the end of fermentation and the removal rate of total phosphorus(TP)was 69.1%.The maximum yield of SCFAs was 750.3 mg L^(−1),7.45 times greater than that of the blank group.Based on the analysis of the anaerobic digestion mechanism,it was indicated that the co-pretreatment could destroy the floc structure on the sludge surface and improve organic matter dissolving,resulting in more soluble organic substances for the acidification process.Furthermore,microbial community research revealed that the main cause of enhanced SCFAs generation was an increase in acidogenic bacteria and a reduction of methanogenic bacteria.
