Both the academic society and the industry are hunting for new energy forms for the future.However,the world should not forget the conventional technologies that contribute to the sustainable society by technical inno...Both the academic society and the industry are hunting for new energy forms for the future.However,the world should not forget the conventional technologies that contribute to the sustainable society by technical innovations.Among them,lubrication plays a significant role in energy saving and in low CO2emission by increasing the fuel efficiency and by prolonging the service life of machines.With the advance of novel synthetic approaches,and nanoscience and technologies,novel lubrication oils and additives and their formulations are being developed to reduce friction and wear,and novel surface treatment routes and surface coatings are invented and provide more efficient lubrication.These technologies create tremendous chances for machines to work more efficiently with low energy consumption.Here we review the recent progresses and challenges associated with some novel lubrication techniques that include novel surface treatment(such as texturing,high-performance nanocomposite coatings,adapting coating),tribology design(solid and liquid lubrication),energy-conserving engine oil and novel lubricants and formula(such as ionic liquids,low S,P content additives)which are to be adopted to enhance the fuel efficiency to achieve energy saving and low carbon emission.There is increased demand to replace fossil lubricants by degradable green lubricants.Specially designed coatings can reduce drag significantly during navigation of both airplanes and ships.All these aspects will be also reviewed in the paper.展开更多
This paper investigates the influence of low-carbon policies on channel coordination for a two-echelon supply chain consisting of one supplier and one retailer. Four different models are considered： the basic model, ...This paper investigates the influence of low-carbon policies on channel coordination for a two-echelon supply chain consisting of one supplier and one retailer. Four different models are considered： the basic model, the carbon emission model, the carbon emission trading model and the carbon tax model. We find that the government policy on all carbon emission models is not universal among the firms as well as the customers. The carbon emission trading policy is always better than the carbon emission policy and the carbon tax policy when the allocated carbon emission quotas are greater than the carbon emissions. The carbon emission trading policy is proved to be an effective mechanism which can motivate the supply chain to reduce carbon emissions. Under certain conditions, the supply chain prefers the carbon emission trading policy with higher carbon price to other policies. In the framework of Stackelberg game with the supplier as the leader, for each carbon policy, the paper presents coordination mechanism with the all-unit wholesale quantity discount contract （AWQD）. We analyze and compare the influence of low-carbon policies on channel coordination for the foul＂ low-carbon policies. Numerical experiments are conducted to examine our findings.展开更多
碳排放的增加是导致全球变暖的主要元凶,通过供应链上下游企业的协同管理才能更好地实现碳排放的降低。因此有必要对低碳供应链管理的文献进行梳理。选取Web of Science核心合集数据库的数据,从商业经济和运筹学管理科学这两个研究方向...碳排放的增加是导致全球变暖的主要元凶,通过供应链上下游企业的协同管理才能更好地实现碳排放的降低。因此有必要对低碳供应链管理的文献进行梳理。选取Web of Science核心合集数据库的数据,从商业经济和运筹学管理科学这两个研究方向对低碳供应链管理的文献进行研究。基本统计分析结果表明,该领域的研究还不够充分,只有少数科研机构的合作较为频繁,作者的贡献分散,合作不多。通过CiteSpace软件共被引网络分析,结合冲击流生成器程序绘制冲击流图,对低碳供应链管理研究的现状、前沿和热点的分析表明,低碳供链管理领域的研究重点不断演变。早期比较关注的是可持续绿色物流和生命周期评估方法的应用。不同碳规制政策对低碳供应链管理的影响和可持续供应链网络设计是低碳供应链管理的研究前沿和研究热点。碳税和碳交易互补下的供应链运营和管理,碳标签制度和消费者低碳购买行为对供应链管理的影响,以及兼顾经济效益和碳排放的全球供应链管理是未来研究的方向。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.21125316,50935008,51305428) the"Hundred Talents Program"of CAS
文摘Both the academic society and the industry are hunting for new energy forms for the future.However,the world should not forget the conventional technologies that contribute to the sustainable society by technical innovations.Among them,lubrication plays a significant role in energy saving and in low CO2emission by increasing the fuel efficiency and by prolonging the service life of machines.With the advance of novel synthetic approaches,and nanoscience and technologies,novel lubrication oils and additives and their formulations are being developed to reduce friction and wear,and novel surface treatment routes and surface coatings are invented and provide more efficient lubrication.These technologies create tremendous chances for machines to work more efficiently with low energy consumption.Here we review the recent progresses and challenges associated with some novel lubrication techniques that include novel surface treatment(such as texturing,high-performance nanocomposite coatings,adapting coating),tribology design(solid and liquid lubrication),energy-conserving engine oil and novel lubricants and formula(such as ionic liquids,low S,P content additives)which are to be adopted to enhance the fuel efficiency to achieve energy saving and low carbon emission.There is increased demand to replace fossil lubricants by degradable green lubricants.Specially designed coatings can reduce drag significantly during navigation of both airplanes and ships.All these aspects will be also reviewed in the paper.
基金partially supported by NSFC grants(No.71101054,70901059 and 71371146)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,SCUT(no.X2jmD2117860)
文摘This paper investigates the influence of low-carbon policies on channel coordination for a two-echelon supply chain consisting of one supplier and one retailer. Four different models are considered： the basic model, the carbon emission model, the carbon emission trading model and the carbon tax model. We find that the government policy on all carbon emission models is not universal among the firms as well as the customers. The carbon emission trading policy is always better than the carbon emission policy and the carbon tax policy when the allocated carbon emission quotas are greater than the carbon emissions. The carbon emission trading policy is proved to be an effective mechanism which can motivate the supply chain to reduce carbon emissions. Under certain conditions, the supply chain prefers the carbon emission trading policy with higher carbon price to other policies. In the framework of Stackelberg game with the supplier as the leader, for each carbon policy, the paper presents coordination mechanism with the all-unit wholesale quantity discount contract （AWQD）. We analyze and compare the influence of low-carbon policies on channel coordination for the foul＂ low-carbon policies. Numerical experiments are conducted to examine our findings.
文摘碳排放的增加是导致全球变暖的主要元凶,通过供应链上下游企业的协同管理才能更好地实现碳排放的降低。因此有必要对低碳供应链管理的文献进行梳理。选取Web of Science核心合集数据库的数据,从商业经济和运筹学管理科学这两个研究方向对低碳供应链管理的文献进行研究。基本统计分析结果表明,该领域的研究还不够充分,只有少数科研机构的合作较为频繁,作者的贡献分散,合作不多。通过CiteSpace软件共被引网络分析,结合冲击流生成器程序绘制冲击流图,对低碳供应链管理研究的现状、前沿和热点的分析表明,低碳供链管理领域的研究重点不断演变。早期比较关注的是可持续绿色物流和生命周期评估方法的应用。不同碳规制政策对低碳供应链管理的影响和可持续供应链网络设计是低碳供应链管理的研究前沿和研究热点。碳税和碳交易互补下的供应链运营和管理,碳标签制度和消费者低碳购买行为对供应链管理的影响,以及兼顾经济效益和碳排放的全球供应链管理是未来研究的方向。
