研究长期施肥对双季稻产量变化趋势、稳定性和可持续性的影响。采用线性回归、稳定性方差和可持续性指数等方法对长期施肥定位试验获取的双季稻产量数据进行分析。结果表明:(1)与偏施化肥处理相比,均衡施NPK化肥处理提高了双季稻产量、...研究长期施肥对双季稻产量变化趋势、稳定性和可持续性的影响。采用线性回归、稳定性方差和可持续性指数等方法对长期施肥定位试验获取的双季稻产量数据进行分析。结果表明:(1)与偏施化肥处理相比,均衡施NPK化肥处理提高了双季稻产量、产量稳定性和可持续性,在等氮量条件下配施30%、50%和70%有机肥较NPK处理进一步提高产量6.15%、3.88%和7.75%,稳定性25.91%、59.78%和29.31%,配施30%有机肥较NPK处理提高可持续指数8.57%;(2)处理间整体表现出初始产量越高,产量的年变化量越小。施NK处理产量随时间呈下降趋势,其他处理均为上升趋势,其中不施肥和施PK处理变化显著,年变化量最大,分别为108.0和142.3 kg hm-2 a-1,NPK处理最小,为23.74 kg hm-2 a-1,有机无机肥配施处理间表现为随有机肥配施比例增加而产量年变化量显著增大的变化趋势。综上可见,有机无机肥配施有利于双季稻高产稳产,可有效维持系统可持续性,以70%化肥配施30%有机肥效果最佳。展开更多
To provide a scientific basis for sustainable land management, a 20-year fertility experiment was conducted in Changwu County, Shaanxi Province, China to investigate the effects of long-term application of chemical fe...To provide a scientific basis for sustainable land management, a 20-year fertility experiment was conducted in Changwu County, Shaanxi Province, China to investigate the effects of long-term application of chemical fertilizers on wheat grain yield and yield stability on the Loess Plateau using regression and stability analysis. The experiment consisted of 17 fertilizer treatments, containing the combinations of different N and P levels, with three replications arranged in a randomized complete block design. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied as urea, and P was applied as calcium superphosphate. Fertilizer rates had a large effect on the response of wheat yield to fertilization. Phosphorus, combined with N, increased yield significantly （P 〈 0.01）. In the unfertilized control and the N or P sole application treatments, wheat yield had a declining trend although it was not statistically significant. Stability analysis combined with the trend analysis indicated that integrated use of fertilizer N and P was better than their sole application in increasing and sustaining the productivity of rainfed winter wheat.展开更多
文摘研究长期施肥对双季稻产量变化趋势、稳定性和可持续性的影响。采用线性回归、稳定性方差和可持续性指数等方法对长期施肥定位试验获取的双季稻产量数据进行分析。结果表明:(1)与偏施化肥处理相比,均衡施NPK化肥处理提高了双季稻产量、产量稳定性和可持续性,在等氮量条件下配施30%、50%和70%有机肥较NPK处理进一步提高产量6.15%、3.88%和7.75%,稳定性25.91%、59.78%和29.31%,配施30%有机肥较NPK处理提高可持续指数8.57%;(2)处理间整体表现出初始产量越高,产量的年变化量越小。施NK处理产量随时间呈下降趋势,其他处理均为上升趋势,其中不施肥和施PK处理变化显著,年变化量最大,分别为108.0和142.3 kg hm-2 a-1,NPK处理最小,为23.74 kg hm-2 a-1,有机无机肥配施处理间表现为随有机肥配施比例增加而产量年变化量显著增大的变化趋势。综上可见,有机无机肥配施有利于双季稻高产稳产,可有效维持系统可持续性,以70%化肥配施30%有机肥效果最佳。
基金Project supported by the Agricultural Development Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KSCX1-YWN1504)the West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 2005404)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 50479065 and 40601041).
文摘To provide a scientific basis for sustainable land management, a 20-year fertility experiment was conducted in Changwu County, Shaanxi Province, China to investigate the effects of long-term application of chemical fertilizers on wheat grain yield and yield stability on the Loess Plateau using regression and stability analysis. The experiment consisted of 17 fertilizer treatments, containing the combinations of different N and P levels, with three replications arranged in a randomized complete block design. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied as urea, and P was applied as calcium superphosphate. Fertilizer rates had a large effect on the response of wheat yield to fertilization. Phosphorus, combined with N, increased yield significantly （P 〈 0.01）. In the unfertilized control and the N or P sole application treatments, wheat yield had a declining trend although it was not statistically significant. Stability analysis combined with the trend analysis indicated that integrated use of fertilizer N and P was better than their sole application in increasing and sustaining the productivity of rainfed winter wheat.
