Tree species-abundance in forests is a function of geographical area and climate, although it is not clear whether such relationships apply to mass islands. We examined the spatial pattern of tree species in mass isla...Tree species-abundance in forests is a function of geographical area and climate, although it is not clear whether such relationships apply to mass islands. We examined the spatial pattern of tree species in mass islands along the coast of Zhejiang, East China Sea using the Preston model, to identify the relationships between tree communities and climatic conditions. The results show that：（1） the biogeographical distribution of tree species-abundance conformes to Preston＇s log-normal pattern, and is in accordance with the findings in both tropical rainforests and estuarine forests;（2） the climatic factors related to tree communities in mass islands are similar to that of the subtropical zone, including the major species of evergreen needle-leaf, broad-leaf and deciduous broad-leaf forests. We conclude that the Preston model can be applied to the trees of mass islands and thus facilitate the systematic ecological researches of vegetation species＇ composition in subtropical zone.展开更多
The relationship between RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) values and distance is the foundation and the key of ranging and positioning technologies in wireless sensor networks. Log-normal shadowing model (LN...The relationship between RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) values and distance is the foundation and the key of ranging and positioning technologies in wireless sensor networks. Log-normal shadowing model (LNSM), as a more general signal propagation model, can better describe the relationship between the RSSI value and distance, but the parameter of variance in LNSM is depended on experiences without self-adaptability. In this paper, it is found that the variance of RSSI value changes along with distance regu- larly by analyzing a large number of experimental data. Based on the result of analysis, we proposed the relationship function of the variance of RSSI and distance, and established the log-normal shadowing model with dynamic variance (LNSM-DV). At the same time, the method of least squares(LS) was selected to es- timate the coefficients in that model, thus LNSM-DV might be adjusted dynamically according to the change of environment and be self-adaptable. The experimental results show that LNSM-DV can further reduce er- ror, and have strong self-adaptability to various environments compared with the LNSM.展开更多
为了实现对赛车手进行实时定位,并保障赛车手安全,提出基于接收信号强度指示RSSI(Received Signal Strength Index)测距的场地自行车的跟踪算法TCTR(Track Cycling Tracking based on received signal strength Index Ranging)。TCTR算...为了实现对赛车手进行实时定位,并保障赛车手安全,提出基于接收信号强度指示RSSI(Received Signal Strength Index)测距的场地自行车的跟踪算法TCTR(Track Cycling Tracking based on received signal strength Index Ranging)。TCTR算法的目的就是估计移动节点(自行车)和锚节点(教练)间的距离。依据对数正态衰落模型LNSM(Log-Normal Shadowing Model)和锚节点所接收的RSSI值,TCTR算法测量自行车和教练间的距离。为了提高测距精度,建立室内、室外的场地自行车实验,获取RSSI值和距离数据,再通过拟合,最终估计LNSM参数。仿真结果表明,通过优化LNSM参数,降低了测距的均方根误差。展开更多
基金The Investigation and Assessment of Tree Species Resources and Its Relation to Controlling Factors in Mass Islands Program of SOA
文摘Tree species-abundance in forests is a function of geographical area and climate, although it is not clear whether such relationships apply to mass islands. We examined the spatial pattern of tree species in mass islands along the coast of Zhejiang, East China Sea using the Preston model, to identify the relationships between tree communities and climatic conditions. The results show that：（1） the biogeographical distribution of tree species-abundance conformes to Preston＇s log-normal pattern, and is in accordance with the findings in both tropical rainforests and estuarine forests;（2） the climatic factors related to tree communities in mass islands are similar to that of the subtropical zone, including the major species of evergreen needle-leaf, broad-leaf and deciduous broad-leaf forests. We conclude that the Preston model can be applied to the trees of mass islands and thus facilitate the systematic ecological researches of vegetation species＇ composition in subtropical zone.
文摘The relationship between RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) values and distance is the foundation and the key of ranging and positioning technologies in wireless sensor networks. Log-normal shadowing model (LNSM), as a more general signal propagation model, can better describe the relationship between the RSSI value and distance, but the parameter of variance in LNSM is depended on experiences without self-adaptability. In this paper, it is found that the variance of RSSI value changes along with distance regu- larly by analyzing a large number of experimental data. Based on the result of analysis, we proposed the relationship function of the variance of RSSI and distance, and established the log-normal shadowing model with dynamic variance (LNSM-DV). At the same time, the method of least squares(LS) was selected to es- timate the coefficients in that model, thus LNSM-DV might be adjusted dynamically according to the change of environment and be self-adaptable. The experimental results show that LNSM-DV can further reduce er- ror, and have strong self-adaptability to various environments compared with the LNSM.
文摘为了实现对赛车手进行实时定位,并保障赛车手安全,提出基于接收信号强度指示RSSI(Received Signal Strength Index)测距的场地自行车的跟踪算法TCTR(Track Cycling Tracking based on received signal strength Index Ranging)。TCTR算法的目的就是估计移动节点(自行车)和锚节点(教练)间的距离。依据对数正态衰落模型LNSM(Log-Normal Shadowing Model)和锚节点所接收的RSSI值,TCTR算法测量自行车和教练间的距离。为了提高测距精度,建立室内、室外的场地自行车实验,获取RSSI值和距离数据,再通过拟合,最终估计LNSM参数。仿真结果表明,通过优化LNSM参数,降低了测距的均方根误差。
