This study was conducted to investigate the effects of catechins on reproductive performance, antioxidative capacity and immune function of gestating sows. A total of 60 cross-bred（Landrace × Large White） multi...This study was conducted to investigate the effects of catechins on reproductive performance, antioxidative capacity and immune function of gestating sows. A total of 60 cross-bred（Landrace × Large White） multiparious sows were blocked by body weight, parity and backfact and randomly allocated to 1 of 5 treatments: 0.100,200,300, or 400 mg/kg catechins. Dietary treatments were imposed from mating to d 40 of gestation of sows. At farrowing, litter total born, born alive, dead, and normal-（healthy piglets,>0.85 kg） and low-birth weight piglets（<0.85 kg） were recorded. Within 3.00 ± 0.50 days after farrowing litter size was standardized to 8,00 ± 1.50 piglets within treatment. The piglets were weighed at birth（d 1） and weaning（d 28）. Sows serum samples were obtained from blood samples collected on d 40 of gestation for analyses of glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px）, superoxide dismutase（SOD）, catalase（CAT）,malondialdehyde（MDA）, hydrogen peroxide（H2 O2）, nitric oxide synthetase（NOS） and nitrogen monoxide（NO）. Our results showed that supplementation of catechins at levels of 200 or 300 mg/kg led to improvements in litter born alive（P < 0.01） and piglet born healthy（P < 0.01） and a decrease in stillborn（P < 0.05） at farrowing when compared with the control. In comparison with the control, catechins at any supplemental levels all enhanced the serum SOD（P < 0.05） and CAT（P < 0.01） activities of sows at farrowing but no obvious differences in the serum GSH-Px and NOS activities were observed in this trial（P > 0.05）. Sows received 200 mg catechin per kg diets showed a reduction（P < 0.05） of the serum MDA level at farrowing compared with all other treatments. Sows received all the levels of catechin showed a reduction（P < 0.05） of serum H2 O2 level compared with sows received the control diet on both d 40 of gestation and farrowing. Our results demonstrated that the catechins may be a potential antioxidant to increase the reproductive performance展开更多
The effect of graded levels of phytase on performance, bone characteristics, excreta/litter quality and odorant emissions was examined using 720 Ross 308 male d-old broilers. A 2 x 4 factorial arrangement of treatment...The effect of graded levels of phytase on performance, bone characteristics, excreta/litter quality and odorant emissions was examined using 720 Ross 308 male d-old broilers. A 2 x 4 factorial arrangement of treatments was employed with 6 replicates of 15 birds per pen. Factors were: diets-positive and negative control(PC, NC); phytase-0, 500,1,000.1,500 FTU/kg. The PC was formulated to meet the 2014 Ross 308 nutrient specifications, whereas the NC was formulated with lower Ca(-1.4 g/kg), available P(-1.5 g/kg), Na(-0.3 g/kg), dLys(-0.2 g/kg) and MEn(-0.28 MJ/kg) equivalent to nutrient matrix values for 500 FTU/kg phytase in the starter,grower and finisher periods(i.e.,downspec diet). On d 24, phytase decreased FCR by 1.6, 4.3 and 4.6 points at inclusion levels of 500.1,000 and 1,500 FTU/kg, respectively(P < 0.01) across all diets. Phytase by diet interactions on BW gain were observed on d 24 and 35(P < 0.01). The effect of phytase was much more pronounced in the NC diet as compared with the PC diet.On d 24, phytase increased BW gain by 37, 55 and 68 g in the PC and 127.233 and 173 g in the NC at 500,1,000 and 1,500 FTU/kg, respectively. Diet by phytase interactions were also observed for tibia ash, litter quality and water to feed intake ratio(P < 0.01) with higher phytase effect in NC as compared with PC.Neither diet nor phytase impacted excreta moisture content on d 18 or 21(P> 0.05). Solid phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(SPME-GC-MS) analysis of gaseous emissions on d 39 indicated no difference in the emission of alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, volatile fatty acids and phenols between treatments(P> 0.05). The results indicate that phytase has greater benefits when formulated using nutrient matrix values as compared with adding it over the top in an already nutrient sufficient diet. The later method would be expected to increase feed costs without concomitant performance benefits.展开更多
基金jointly supported by grants from the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2012BAD39B00)State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition(2004DA125184F1305)+2 种基金the NSFC(307005793110173031110103909)
文摘This study was conducted to investigate the effects of catechins on reproductive performance, antioxidative capacity and immune function of gestating sows. A total of 60 cross-bred（Landrace × Large White） multiparious sows were blocked by body weight, parity and backfact and randomly allocated to 1 of 5 treatments: 0.100,200,300, or 400 mg/kg catechins. Dietary treatments were imposed from mating to d 40 of gestation of sows. At farrowing, litter total born, born alive, dead, and normal-（healthy piglets,>0.85 kg） and low-birth weight piglets（<0.85 kg） were recorded. Within 3.00 ± 0.50 days after farrowing litter size was standardized to 8,00 ± 1.50 piglets within treatment. The piglets were weighed at birth（d 1） and weaning（d 28）. Sows serum samples were obtained from blood samples collected on d 40 of gestation for analyses of glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px）, superoxide dismutase（SOD）, catalase（CAT）,malondialdehyde（MDA）, hydrogen peroxide（H2 O2）, nitric oxide synthetase（NOS） and nitrogen monoxide（NO）. Our results showed that supplementation of catechins at levels of 200 or 300 mg/kg led to improvements in litter born alive（P < 0.01） and piglet born healthy（P < 0.01） and a decrease in stillborn（P < 0.05） at farrowing when compared with the control. In comparison with the control, catechins at any supplemental levels all enhanced the serum SOD（P < 0.05） and CAT（P < 0.01） activities of sows at farrowing but no obvious differences in the serum GSH-Px and NOS activities were observed in this trial（P > 0.05）. Sows received 200 mg catechin per kg diets showed a reduction（P < 0.05） of the serum MDA level at farrowing compared with all other treatments. Sows received all the levels of catechin showed a reduction（P < 0.05） of serum H2 O2 level compared with sows received the control diet on both d 40 of gestation and farrowing. Our results demonstrated that the catechins may be a potential antioxidant to increase the reproductive performance
基金supported under the Australian Government's Cooperative Research Centres Programa part of Poultry CRC sub project grant 2.2.8
文摘The effect of graded levels of phytase on performance, bone characteristics, excreta/litter quality and odorant emissions was examined using 720 Ross 308 male d-old broilers. A 2 x 4 factorial arrangement of treatments was employed with 6 replicates of 15 birds per pen. Factors were: diets-positive and negative control(PC, NC); phytase-0, 500,1,000.1,500 FTU/kg. The PC was formulated to meet the 2014 Ross 308 nutrient specifications, whereas the NC was formulated with lower Ca(-1.4 g/kg), available P(-1.5 g/kg), Na(-0.3 g/kg), dLys(-0.2 g/kg) and MEn(-0.28 MJ/kg) equivalent to nutrient matrix values for 500 FTU/kg phytase in the starter,grower and finisher periods(i.e.,downspec diet). On d 24, phytase decreased FCR by 1.6, 4.3 and 4.6 points at inclusion levels of 500.1,000 and 1,500 FTU/kg, respectively(P < 0.01) across all diets. Phytase by diet interactions on BW gain were observed on d 24 and 35(P < 0.01). The effect of phytase was much more pronounced in the NC diet as compared with the PC diet.On d 24, phytase increased BW gain by 37, 55 and 68 g in the PC and 127.233 and 173 g in the NC at 500,1,000 and 1,500 FTU/kg, respectively. Diet by phytase interactions were also observed for tibia ash, litter quality and water to feed intake ratio(P < 0.01) with higher phytase effect in NC as compared with PC.Neither diet nor phytase impacted excreta moisture content on d 18 or 21(P> 0.05). Solid phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(SPME-GC-MS) analysis of gaseous emissions on d 39 indicated no difference in the emission of alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, volatile fatty acids and phenols between treatments(P> 0.05). The results indicate that phytase has greater benefits when formulated using nutrient matrix values as compared with adding it over the top in an already nutrient sufficient diet. The later method would be expected to increase feed costs without concomitant performance benefits.
