Lignin degradation is a major process in the global carbon cycle across both terrestrial and marine ecosystems.Bathyarchaeia,which are among the most abundant microorganisms in marine sediment,have been proposed to me...Lignin degradation is a major process in the global carbon cycle across both terrestrial and marine ecosystems.Bathyarchaeia,which are among the most abundant microorganisms in marine sediment,have been proposed to mediate anaerobic lignin degradation.However,the mechanism of bathyarchaeial lignin degradation remains unclear.Here,we report an enrichment culture of Bathy-archaeia,named Candidatus Baizosediminiarchaeum ligniniphilus DL1YTT001(Ca.B.ligniniphilus),from coastal sediments that can grow with lignin as the sole organic carbon source under mesophilic anoxic conditions.Ca.B.ligniniphilus possesses and highly expresses novel methyltransferase 1(MT1,mtgB)for transferring methoxyl groups from lignin monomers to cob(I)alamin.MtgBs have no homology with known microbial methyltransferases and are present only in bathyarchaeial lineages.Heterologous expression of the mtgB gene confirmed O-demethylation activity.The mtgB genes were identified in metagenomic data sets from a wide range of coastal sediments,and they were highly expressed in coastal sediments from the East China Sea.These findings suggest that Bathyarchaeia,capable of O-demethylation via their novel and specific methyltransferases,are ubiquitous in coastal sediments.展开更多
The microbial flora in bamboo stump at different decomposition degree was studied. The results showed that the logarithmic values of bacterial concentrations ranged from 5.477 to 7.380; the logarithmic values of funga...The microbial flora in bamboo stump at different decomposition degree was studied. The results showed that the logarithmic values of bacterial concentrations ranged from 5.477 to 7.380; the logarithmic values of fungal concentrations ranged from 5.301 to 6.903; the logarithmic values of actinomycetes concentrations ranged from 5.740 to 7.000; the logarithmic values of cellulose-degrading bacterial concentrations ranged from 4.301 to 6.447; the logarithmic values of lignin-degrading bacterial concentrations ranged from 4.415 to 6.799. During the decomposition of bamboo stump, all the microorganisms grew rapidly at the initial stage; the logarithmic values of bacterial, fungal and actinomycetes concentrations changed constantly at the middle stage; and the logarithmic values were all higher at the late stage.There were assistance and competition among microorganism to certain extent. Understanding the decomposition rule of bamboo stump before its cutting down can provide some reference for the future decomposition of bamboo stump, and provide basic data for the isolation of microorganisms from bamboo stump at the species level.展开更多
漆酶是香菇生长发育过程中一种重要的木质素降解酶,其活性高低对于香菇木质素降解能力和香菇品质形成具有重要作用。为探讨香菇不同漆酶活性的单核菌丝体基因表达变化,对漆酶活性存在差异的单核菌丝体进行转录组测序分析,共获得15522个...漆酶是香菇生长发育过程中一种重要的木质素降解酶,其活性高低对于香菇木质素降解能力和香菇品质形成具有重要作用。为探讨香菇不同漆酶活性的单核菌丝体基因表达变化,对漆酶活性存在差异的单核菌丝体进行转录组测序分析,共获得15522个注释基因。GO(gene ontology)分析表明差异基因在氧化还原酶活性节点大量富集,包括参与木质素降解的酶类及55个细胞色素P450基因;KEGG(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes)分析发现淀粉和蔗糖代谢、戊糖和葡萄糖醛酸相互转化途径中糖苷水解酶、UDPG脱氢酶等基因上调表达。通过搜索转录因子数据筛选到172个差异表达的转录因子,预测了可能与漆酶结合的bZIP、C2H2、C4转录因子家族。由此推测,在漆酶高产单核菌株中木质素降解和碳水化合物代谢的相关基因的表达发生变化,及糖醛酸和磷酸戊糖途径相关基因上调表达,促进了木质素降解产物高效转化成糖、核酸等生物大分子,有助于香菇菌丝体的生长,转录因子在漆酶活性调控中起了重要作用。本研究为深入理解香菇漆酶高产菌株的生理代谢机制提供了重要的基因数据资源。展开更多
基金supported financially by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 42276139,42230401,42141003,41921006,92051116,91951209)2030 Project,Shanghai Jiao Tong University(Grant WH510244001)the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(Grant No.BX20190204).
文摘Lignin degradation is a major process in the global carbon cycle across both terrestrial and marine ecosystems.Bathyarchaeia,which are among the most abundant microorganisms in marine sediment,have been proposed to mediate anaerobic lignin degradation.However,the mechanism of bathyarchaeial lignin degradation remains unclear.Here,we report an enrichment culture of Bathy-archaeia,named Candidatus Baizosediminiarchaeum ligniniphilus DL1YTT001(Ca.B.ligniniphilus),from coastal sediments that can grow with lignin as the sole organic carbon source under mesophilic anoxic conditions.Ca.B.ligniniphilus possesses and highly expresses novel methyltransferase 1(MT1,mtgB)for transferring methoxyl groups from lignin monomers to cob(I)alamin.MtgBs have no homology with known microbial methyltransferases and are present only in bathyarchaeial lineages.Heterologous expression of the mtgB gene confirmed O-demethylation activity.The mtgB genes were identified in metagenomic data sets from a wide range of coastal sediments,and they were highly expressed in coastal sediments from the East China Sea.These findings suggest that Bathyarchaeia,capable of O-demethylation via their novel and specific methyltransferases,are ubiquitous in coastal sediments.
基金Supported by Youth Innovation Fund of Hunan Academy of Forestry(2013LQJ09)~~
文摘The microbial flora in bamboo stump at different decomposition degree was studied. The results showed that the logarithmic values of bacterial concentrations ranged from 5.477 to 7.380; the logarithmic values of fungal concentrations ranged from 5.301 to 6.903; the logarithmic values of actinomycetes concentrations ranged from 5.740 to 7.000; the logarithmic values of cellulose-degrading bacterial concentrations ranged from 4.301 to 6.447; the logarithmic values of lignin-degrading bacterial concentrations ranged from 4.415 to 6.799. During the decomposition of bamboo stump, all the microorganisms grew rapidly at the initial stage; the logarithmic values of bacterial, fungal and actinomycetes concentrations changed constantly at the middle stage; and the logarithmic values were all higher at the late stage.There were assistance and competition among microorganism to certain extent. Understanding the decomposition rule of bamboo stump before its cutting down can provide some reference for the future decomposition of bamboo stump, and provide basic data for the isolation of microorganisms from bamboo stump at the species level.
文摘漆酶是香菇生长发育过程中一种重要的木质素降解酶,其活性高低对于香菇木质素降解能力和香菇品质形成具有重要作用。为探讨香菇不同漆酶活性的单核菌丝体基因表达变化,对漆酶活性存在差异的单核菌丝体进行转录组测序分析,共获得15522个注释基因。GO(gene ontology)分析表明差异基因在氧化还原酶活性节点大量富集,包括参与木质素降解的酶类及55个细胞色素P450基因;KEGG(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes)分析发现淀粉和蔗糖代谢、戊糖和葡萄糖醛酸相互转化途径中糖苷水解酶、UDPG脱氢酶等基因上调表达。通过搜索转录因子数据筛选到172个差异表达的转录因子,预测了可能与漆酶结合的bZIP、C2H2、C4转录因子家族。由此推测,在漆酶高产单核菌株中木质素降解和碳水化合物代谢的相关基因的表达发生变化,及糖醛酸和磷酸戊糖途径相关基因上调表达,促进了木质素降解产物高效转化成糖、核酸等生物大分子,有助于香菇菌丝体的生长,转录因子在漆酶活性调控中起了重要作用。本研究为深入理解香菇漆酶高产菌株的生理代谢机制提供了重要的基因数据资源。
