基于内蒙古气象部门2013-2014年23站雷电定位资料和雷灾统计资料,运用ArcGIS软件和数理统计等方法对内蒙古高原地区地闪频次、强度时空分布特征及雷电灾害特征进行了分析。结果表明,内蒙古高原地区正地闪占总地闪的10%左右,正闪比例高...基于内蒙古气象部门2013-2014年23站雷电定位资料和雷灾统计资料,运用ArcGIS软件和数理统计等方法对内蒙古高原地区地闪频次、强度时空分布特征及雷电灾害特征进行了分析。结果表明,内蒙古高原地区正地闪占总地闪的10%左右,正闪比例高于南方省市;该地区50%以上的地闪强度集中在15~35 k A范围,正地闪的电流强度为负地闪的2倍左右;每年3、4月份的地闪平均电流强度最大,1 d当中上午电流强度要大于午后的强度值;地闪的空间分布主要集中在内蒙古高原中、东部地区,地闪的最大密度和电流强度值分别在20次/km^2和10 k A/km^2左右;从雷灾分析来看,雷电灾害主要发生在6-8月份,电子电器设备发生雷电灾害次数最多,居民家庭雷电防护措施仍需完善;雷击人员伤亡则主要发生在农村牧区的户外环境,农牧民的防雷意识有待进一步提高。展开更多
ABSTRACT Data from the World Wide Lightning Location Network （WWLLN） were used to analyze the lightning activity and the relationship between maximum sustained wind and lightning rate in 69 tropical cyclones over t...ABSTRACT Data from the World Wide Lightning Location Network （WWLLN） were used to analyze the lightning activity and the relationship between maximum sustained wind and lightning rate in 69 tropical cyclones over the Northwest Pacific Ocean from 2005 to 2009. The minimum lightning density was observed in the category 2 typhoon Kong-Rey （2007）, with a value of only 1.15 d-1 （100 kin）-2. The maximum lightning density occurred in the category 2 typhoon Mitag （2007）, with a value of 510.42 d-1 （100 km）-2. The average lightning density decreased with radius from the typhoon center in both weak （categories 1-3） and super （categories 4-5） typhoons. The average lightning density in the inner core of super typhoons was more than twice as large as that for weak typhoons. Both groups of typhoons showed a near-monotonic decrease in lightning density with radius. Results also showed that lightning activity was more active in typhoons that made landfall than in those that did not. The mean correlation coefficient between the accumulated flashes within a 600-kin radius and the maximum wind speed in the weak typhoons and super typhoons was 0.81 and 0.74, respectively. For more than 78% （56%） of the super （weak） typhoons, the lightning activity peaked before the maximum sustained wind speed, with the most common leading time being 30 （60） h. The results suggest that, for the Northwest Pacific Ocean, lightning activity might be used as a measurement of the intensification of typhoons.展开更多
文摘基于内蒙古气象部门2013-2014年23站雷电定位资料和雷灾统计资料,运用ArcGIS软件和数理统计等方法对内蒙古高原地区地闪频次、强度时空分布特征及雷电灾害特征进行了分析。结果表明,内蒙古高原地区正地闪占总地闪的10%左右,正闪比例高于南方省市;该地区50%以上的地闪强度集中在15~35 k A范围,正地闪的电流强度为负地闪的2倍左右;每年3、4月份的地闪平均电流强度最大,1 d当中上午电流强度要大于午后的强度值;地闪的空间分布主要集中在内蒙古高原中、东部地区,地闪的最大密度和电流强度值分别在20次/km^2和10 k A/km^2左右;从雷灾分析来看,雷电灾害主要发生在6-8月份,电子电器设备发生雷电灾害次数最多,居民家庭雷电防护措施仍需完善;雷击人员伤亡则主要发生在农村牧区的户外环境,农牧民的防雷意识有待进一步提高。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.41005004 and 40930949)the "One-Hundred Talents Project" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘ABSTRACT Data from the World Wide Lightning Location Network （WWLLN） were used to analyze the lightning activity and the relationship between maximum sustained wind and lightning rate in 69 tropical cyclones over the Northwest Pacific Ocean from 2005 to 2009. The minimum lightning density was observed in the category 2 typhoon Kong-Rey （2007）, with a value of only 1.15 d-1 （100 kin）-2. The maximum lightning density occurred in the category 2 typhoon Mitag （2007）, with a value of 510.42 d-1 （100 km）-2. The average lightning density decreased with radius from the typhoon center in both weak （categories 1-3） and super （categories 4-5） typhoons. The average lightning density in the inner core of super typhoons was more than twice as large as that for weak typhoons. Both groups of typhoons showed a near-monotonic decrease in lightning density with radius. Results also showed that lightning activity was more active in typhoons that made landfall than in those that did not. The mean correlation coefficient between the accumulated flashes within a 600-kin radius and the maximum wind speed in the weak typhoons and super typhoons was 0.81 and 0.74, respectively. For more than 78% （56%） of the super （weak） typhoons, the lightning activity peaked before the maximum sustained wind speed, with the most common leading time being 30 （60） h. The results suggest that, for the Northwest Pacific Ocean, lightning activity might be used as a measurement of the intensification of typhoons.
