目的:探讨不同孕期孕妇血清中不同激素水平与妊娠结局的相关性,旨在为血清学联检筛查胎儿发育异常的诊断方法提供依据。方法:采用横断面研究方法,选取唐山工人医院门诊常规孕前检查的孕妇400例,收集不同孕周(早期妊娠100例,中期妊娠200...目的:探讨不同孕期孕妇血清中不同激素水平与妊娠结局的相关性,旨在为血清学联检筛查胎儿发育异常的诊断方法提供依据。方法:采用横断面研究方法,选取唐山工人医院门诊常规孕前检查的孕妇400例,收集不同孕周(早期妊娠100例,中期妊娠200例,晚期妊娠100例)孕妇的外周血,应用全自动化学发光免疫分析仪检测不同孕期孕妇血清中人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)、雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(PROG)、甲胎蛋白(AFP)、游离雌三醇(uE3)、催乳素(PRL)、黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)水平,并跟踪妊娠结局,比较不同孕期不同妊娠结局组孕妇血清各激素水平差异性。结果:调查结果显示,400例不同孕期的孕妇中,正常妊娠结局者364例,占91%;早期妊娠的主要不良妊娠结局为流产和胚胎停育,且流产、胚胎停育孕妇血清hCG、PROG、E2水平低于早期正常妊娠孕妇,差异有统计学意义(22 570±6 219、5 997±1 790 vs 89430±19 689,18.36±4.58、10.87±1.42 vs 37.68±12.02,756±153、282±129 vs 1 270±220,P<0.001);胚胎停育孕妇血清h CG、PROG、E2水平低于流产孕妇,差异有统计学意义(5 997±1 790 vs 22 570±6 219,10.87±1.42vs18.36,282±129 vs 756±153,均P<0.05);中期妊娠的主要不良妊娠结局为唐氏综合征,且唐氏综合征孕妇血清h CG水平高于中期正常妊娠孕妇,差异有统计学意义(71 500±13 787 vs 43 720±16 038,P<0.01),血清u E3、AFP水平低于中期正常妊娠孕妇,差异有统计学意义(0.75±0.14 vs 2.94±1.41,21.69±3.29 vs 54.08±23.34,均P<0.05);晚期妊娠的主要不良妊娠结局为妊娠期高血压疾病,且妊娠期高血压疾病孕妇血清h CG、AFP水平高于晚期正常妊娠孕妇,差异有统计学意义(30 700±2 662 vs 25 389±8855,179.33±27.82 vs 104.15±23.10,均P<0.001);不同妊娠期各激素相关性分析中,流产孕妇中血清h CG与PROG呈正相关,r=0.660。结论:妊娠早期血清h CG、PROG、E2水平降低与流产及胚胎停育有关展开更多
A total of 36 four-mon-old hybrid lambs （Dorset×Thin-tailed Han sheep） with similar body weight （BW） were randomly allocated to three dietary treatments with different energy （7.21, 10.33 and 13.49 MJ d-1 ME...A total of 36 four-mon-old hybrid lambs （Dorset×Thin-tailed Han sheep） with similar body weight （BW） were randomly allocated to three dietary treatments with different energy （7.21, 10.33 and 13.49 MJ d-1 ME） but similar protein levels. The animals were slaughtered and subcutaneous fat, longissimus dorsi muscle, femoral biceps muscle and cardiac muscle tissue samples were taken after being treated for 40 d. The samples were then subjected to quantitative PCR to determine mRNA expression of hormone-sensitive lipase （HSL） in different tissues in the laboratory. The findings showed that the abundance of HSL mRNA decreased with the elevation of dietary energy. In the subcutaneous fatty tissue, the HSL mRNA levels showed significant differences among the three groups （P〈0.01）; in the longissimus dorsi and femoral biceps muscles, the HSL mRNA level in the low energy group was significantly higher than that in the moderate and high energy groups （P〈0.01）. In the cardiac muscle, the HSL mRNA level in the moderate energy group was significantly different from the low and high energy groups （P〈0.05）. The number of HSL copies （Qty） in different tissues of sheep was different, it was greater in the subcutaneous fat than in longissimus dorsi muscle, femoral biceps muscle and heart.展开更多
Somatic embryogenesis （SE） is one of the most important steps during regeneration of cotton, but the molecular mechanism of SE remains unclear. SOMATIC EMBRYOGENSIS RECEPTOR KINASE （SERK） gene is known to function...Somatic embryogenesis （SE） is one of the most important steps during regeneration of cotton, but the molecular mechanism of SE remains unclear. SOMATIC EMBRYOGENSIS RECEPTOR KINASE （SERK） gene is known to function in SE. A homolog GhSERK2 （accession number： JF430801） was cloned from Upland cotton and characterized for its functions in SE. GhSERK2 expressed in different tissues and showed higher expression level in floral organs than vegetative ones with the highest levels in ovule and anther. GhSERK2 expressed during SE with a high level at globular embryos stage. Upon treatment with indole-3-butytic acid （IBA）, the transcription level of GhSERK2 was induced and promoted SE subsequently. A 2-day treatment of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid （2,4-D） induced the expression of GhSERK2, but treatments of 2,4-D for longer periods sharply inhibited the GhSERK2 transcription level of embryogenic callus （EC）. The levels of hormones, including 3-indoleacetic acid （IAA）, abscisic acid （ABA）, and brassinosteroid （BR）, were increased in the initial calli induced from the over-expression of GhSERK2 cotton. Our results indicated that GhSERK2 expression was associated with induction of SE and closely related to hormone levels during tissue culture in Upland cotton, and the gene might play an important role in regeneration of cotton.展开更多
Root-to-shoot signaling is used by plants to coordinate shoot development with the conditions experienced by the roots. A mobile and biologically active compound, the bps signal, is over-produced in roots of an Arabid...Root-to-shoot signaling is used by plants to coordinate shoot development with the conditions experienced by the roots. A mobile and biologically active compound, the bps signal, is over-produced in roots of an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant called bypass1 （bpsl）, and might also be a normally produced signaling molecule in wild-type plants. Our goal is to identify the bps signal chemically, which will then allow us to assess its production in normal plants. To identify any signaling molecule, a bioassay is required, and here we describe the development of a robust, simple, and quantitative bioassay for the bps signal. The developed bioassay follows the growth-reducing activity of the bps signal using the pCYCB1;I：：GUS cell cycle marker. Wild-type plants carrying this marker, and provided the bps signal through either grafts or metabolite extracts, showed reduced cell division. By contrast, control grafts and treatment with control extracts showed no change in pCYCB1;I：：GUS expression. To determine the chemical nature of the bps signal, extracts were treated with RNase A, Proteinase K, or heat. None of these treatments diminished the activity of bpsl extracts, sug- gesting that the active molecule might be a metabolite. This bioassay will be useful for future biochemical fractionation and analysis directed toward bps signal identification.展开更多
Air pollution is today a real concern across the world, responsible for around 7 million deaths per year around the world. It is currently involved in the appearance and worsening of several non-transmissible patholog...Air pollution is today a real concern across the world, responsible for around 7 million deaths per year around the world. It is currently involved in the appearance and worsening of several non-transmissible pathologies, making it an environmental, health, and societal problem. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of short-term exposure to air pollution on the level of sex hormones in mechanics. We conducted a cross-sectional, analytical, prospective case-control study in Brazzaville on 228 patients (76 cases and 152 controls) from June 2020 to December 2022, a period of 30 months. This study made it possible to evaluate, on the one hand, the level of sexual hormones in men exposed to automobile pollution according to the automated method (ELFA) on mini vidas and, on the other hand, the quality of the air by a colorimetric, punctual method on a Dräger tube coupled with a Dräger accuro pump. The results obtained made it possible to establish a statistically significant link between automobile pollutants (CO, CO<sub>2</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>) and the increase in LH and FSH on the one hand and the decrease in testosterone on the other hand. We also noted that the concentrations of automotive pollutants during this study were all above the standards required by the WHO. Exposure to automobile pollutants affects the hypothalamic-pituitary axis and therefore disrupts the level of sex hormones.展开更多
The aim of the study was to bring scientific evidence of the curative action of the stem bark aqueous extract of Schumanniophyton magnificum (ASMa) on the sexual maturation and fertility of the immature female Wistar ...The aim of the study was to bring scientific evidence of the curative action of the stem bark aqueous extract of Schumanniophyton magnificum (ASMa) on the sexual maturation and fertility of the immature female Wistar rat. Forty immature female rats were randomized and divided into 4 groups of ten animals each and orally treated with the ASMa at doses of 0 (distilled water), 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg /BW/day for 30 consecutive days. Body weight and food intake were recorded throughout the experimental period. The precocity of the puberty onset in treated animals was evaluated through the determination of their age at vaginal opening. At the end of the experimental period, 5 animals in each group were sacrificed and blood samples were collected for hormonal assay. Their ovaries and uteri were removed, blotted, weighted and prepared for biochemical analysis. The remaining rats (5 per group) were crossed with males of proven fertility. After laparotomy (ten days after mating) and delivery, fertility and gestational parameters were recorded. It was noticed that, body weight gain increased significantly at all doses although there was no significant difference in food intake. The sexual maturation of treated animal was reduced to 5 days when compared to control. This was associated with the simultaneous elevation of FSH and LH (p < 0.0001) at dose of 800 mg/kg and FSH alone (p mg/kg. However, the ovarian cholesterol significantly decreased (p < 0.0001) at all doses while the uterine protein significantly increased (p < 0.05;p mg/kg and 800 mg/kg. The animal treated at doses of 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg exhibited an early fertilization (2 - 3 days) when compared to the control one (9 - 14 days). The number of implantation site significantly increased (p < 0.05;p mg/kg and 800 mg/kg) after laparotomy as well as the number of alive fetuses after delivery and gestational rate (80% and 100%) respectively. These results provide the strong evidence on the induction of the onset puberty and gonadotropin synthesis, the i展开更多
Thyroid gland is one of most important endocrine glands in the body. It plays vital role in growth control and its measurements tends to change in respect to age, sex, weight and ethnic group of the individual. This s...Thyroid gland is one of most important endocrine glands in the body. It plays vital role in growth control and its measurements tends to change in respect to age, sex, weight and ethnic group of the individual. This study aimed to assess endemic goiter and to estimate the measurement of normal thyroid gland dimensions and thyroid hormones level in school-aged children using Ultrasonography and ELISA Technique in Eastern Sudan (Kassala state). A total of 100 subjects is 6 - 18 years (43 males, 57 females), and mean of age (9.73 ± 2.54 years). This study was done in the period from April 2016 to February 2017. All the subject undergone thyroid ultrasound and thyroid hormone level test. Subjects with history of goiter were excluded from the study, by thyroid dimension (length, height and diameter). Thyroid volume was estimated using ellipsoid formula and thyroid hormones (TSH, T3 and T4) using Toso full automation. The study revealed that 12 subjects of the study (12%) with goiter, 7 female (7%) and 5 males (5%) with age ranged 6 - 11 years with increase in TSH and T3 and decrease in T4 level. The mean of thyroid volumes for normal subject and subject of goiter are 4.93 ± 0.63, 5.4 ± 1.4 mL, respectively, and TSH, T3, T4 (1.8 ± 0.97, 2.4 ± 0.86 UIu/nL), (3.61 ± 0.32, 3.8 ± 0.55 Pg/Nl), (1.35 ± 1.23 ng/DI level respectively). It concluded that there was positive correlations between the age and the thyroid volume (p = 0.65). It increases with increase of the age. The Rt lobe is larger than the Lt lobe;the thyroid volume is higher in male than female, and this study found the TSH and T3 decreased with ages while T4 increased with ages in normal subject;TSH and T3 level increased and T4 level decreased in goiter children.展开更多
Thirty healthy Holstein dairy cows in the dry period were randomly divided into three groups and fed diets with different net energy for lactation (group A: 1.2 Mcal/kg DM, group B: 1.3 Mcal/kg DM, and group C: 1.4 Mc...Thirty healthy Holstein dairy cows in the dry period were randomly divided into three groups and fed diets with different net energy for lactation (group A: 1.2 Mcal/kg DM, group B: 1.3 Mcal/kg DM, and group C: 1.4 Mcal/kg DM) for 8 weeks prepartum. Thereafter, dairy cows were fed a diet of the same formulation (1.66 Mcal/kg DM) for 12 weeks postpartum. The effects of different dietary energy densities in the dry period on postpartum performance and metabolic parameters of dairy cows were observed. Milk yield was reduced by 14.5% in the low-energy diet group;however, there were no differences in milk composition between the three groups. Postpartum plasma β-hydroxybutyrate, non-esterified fatty acid, growth hormone, and glucagon levels were significantly decreased whereas leptin and neuropeptide levels were elevated in the low-energy diet group. Moreover, body fat mobilization was attenuated, and the decline in postpartum body condition was reduced in the low-energy diet group, thus effectively reducing the postpartum negative energy balance.展开更多
Aqueous roots extract of Alchornea cordifolia was studied to evaluate its traditional antifertility claim. Antifertility effect of Alchornea cordifolia was evaluated according to the stages of pregnancy of female rats...Aqueous roots extract of Alchornea cordifolia was studied to evaluate its traditional antifertility claim. Antifertility effect of Alchornea cordifolia was evaluated according to the stages of pregnancy of female rats. In the first stage, forty female rats were randomly divided into four groups (10 rats/group) and respectively treated with 1 ml distilled water (control), 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight (BW) per day of Alchornea cordifolia. After laparotomy and at parturition, sites of implantation and resorption on the uterine horns were determined. The ovaries and uterus were collected and weighed. Blood samples were collected for hormonal assay. In the second and third stage of pregnancy, treatment schedule and antifertility parameters were assessed as above for the first stage. Treated groups received daily 400 mg/kg bw of extract of Alchornea cordifolia while Control group received distilled water. It was observed in the first stage of pregnancy that, the number of resorption sites significantly (p < 0.05) decreased at 100 and 200 mg/kg. No implantation site was observed at dose 400 mg/kg after laparotomy as well as the number of pups at parturition at all doses. The body weight of ovaries and uterine horns at dose 400 mg/kg significantly (p < 0.05) decreased when compared to the control. The extract dose dependently decreased significantly the concentrations of serum progesterone. In the second stage of pregnancy after laparotomy and at parturition, the number of live fetus and the survival ratio significantly (p < 0.001) decreased and were associated with the vaginal discharge and bleeding of animals. In the third stage of pregnancy, the extract caused an early parturition associated with a decreased number of live fetus and the survival ratio with p The results indicate that aqueous roots extract of Alchornea cordifolia could induce inhibitory effects on reproductive functions in female albino rats.展开更多
Background： Prolonged gonadal hormone deficiency in patients with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism （IHH） may produce adverse effects on the endocrine homeostasis and metabolism. This study aimed to compare ...Background： Prolonged gonadal hormone deficiency in patients with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism （IHH） may produce adverse effects on the endocrine homeostasis and metabolism. This study aimed to compare basal serum adrenocorticotropic hormone （ACTH） and cortisol levels between male IHH patients and healthy controls. Moreover, this study compared the basal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal （HPA） axis in patients with and without nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD）, and also evaluated the relationship between basal HPA axis and NAFLD in male IHH patients. Methods： This was a retrospective case-control study involving 75 Chinese male IHH patients （mean age 21.4 ± 3.8 years, range 17 30 years） and 135 healthy controls after matching tbr gender and age. All subjects underwent physical examination and blood testing for serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone. ACTH, and cortisol and biochemical tests. Results： Higher basal serum ACTH levels （8.25 ±3.78 pmol/L vs. 6.97 ±2.81 pmol/L） and lower cortisol levels （366.70 ±142.48 nmol/L vs. 452.82 ± 141.53 nmol/L） were observed ill male IHH patients than healthy subjects （all P 〈 0.05）. IHH patients also showed higher metabolism parameters and higher prevalence rate of NAFLD （34.9% vs. 4.4%） than the controls （all P 〈 0.05）. Basal serum ACTH （9.91 ±4.98 pmol/L vs. 7.60 ±2.96 pmol/L） and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate （2123.7 ±925.8 μg/L vs. 1417.1 ±498.4 μg/L） levels were significantly higher in IHH patients with NAFLD than those without NAFLD （all P 〈 0.05）. We also found that basal serum ACTH levels were positively correlated with NAFLD （r = 0.289, P 〈 0.05） and triglyceride levels （r - 0.268, P 〈 0.05） in male IHH patients. Furthermore, NAFLD was independently associated with ACTH levels in male IHH patients by multiple linear regression analysis. Conclusions： The male IHH patients showed higher basal serum ACTH levels and lower cortisol levels展开更多
文摘目的:探讨不同孕期孕妇血清中不同激素水平与妊娠结局的相关性,旨在为血清学联检筛查胎儿发育异常的诊断方法提供依据。方法:采用横断面研究方法,选取唐山工人医院门诊常规孕前检查的孕妇400例,收集不同孕周(早期妊娠100例,中期妊娠200例,晚期妊娠100例)孕妇的外周血,应用全自动化学发光免疫分析仪检测不同孕期孕妇血清中人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)、雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(PROG)、甲胎蛋白(AFP)、游离雌三醇(uE3)、催乳素(PRL)、黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)水平,并跟踪妊娠结局,比较不同孕期不同妊娠结局组孕妇血清各激素水平差异性。结果:调查结果显示,400例不同孕期的孕妇中,正常妊娠结局者364例,占91%;早期妊娠的主要不良妊娠结局为流产和胚胎停育,且流产、胚胎停育孕妇血清hCG、PROG、E2水平低于早期正常妊娠孕妇,差异有统计学意义(22 570±6 219、5 997±1 790 vs 89430±19 689,18.36±4.58、10.87±1.42 vs 37.68±12.02,756±153、282±129 vs 1 270±220,P<0.001);胚胎停育孕妇血清h CG、PROG、E2水平低于流产孕妇,差异有统计学意义(5 997±1 790 vs 22 570±6 219,10.87±1.42vs18.36,282±129 vs 756±153,均P<0.05);中期妊娠的主要不良妊娠结局为唐氏综合征,且唐氏综合征孕妇血清h CG水平高于中期正常妊娠孕妇,差异有统计学意义(71 500±13 787 vs 43 720±16 038,P<0.01),血清u E3、AFP水平低于中期正常妊娠孕妇,差异有统计学意义(0.75±0.14 vs 2.94±1.41,21.69±3.29 vs 54.08±23.34,均P<0.05);晚期妊娠的主要不良妊娠结局为妊娠期高血压疾病,且妊娠期高血压疾病孕妇血清h CG、AFP水平高于晚期正常妊娠孕妇,差异有统计学意义(30 700±2 662 vs 25 389±8855,179.33±27.82 vs 104.15±23.10,均P<0.001);不同妊娠期各激素相关性分析中,流产孕妇中血清h CG与PROG呈正相关,r=0.660。结论:妊娠早期血清h CG、PROG、E2水平降低与流产及胚胎停育有关
基金China Agriculture Research System-Mutton Sheep (CARS-39)
文摘A total of 36 four-mon-old hybrid lambs （Dorset×Thin-tailed Han sheep） with similar body weight （BW） were randomly allocated to three dietary treatments with different energy （7.21, 10.33 and 13.49 MJ d-1 ME） but similar protein levels. The animals were slaughtered and subcutaneous fat, longissimus dorsi muscle, femoral biceps muscle and cardiac muscle tissue samples were taken after being treated for 40 d. The samples were then subjected to quantitative PCR to determine mRNA expression of hormone-sensitive lipase （HSL） in different tissues in the laboratory. The findings showed that the abundance of HSL mRNA decreased with the elevation of dietary energy. In the subcutaneous fatty tissue, the HSL mRNA levels showed significant differences among the three groups （P〈0.01）; in the longissimus dorsi and femoral biceps muscles, the HSL mRNA level in the low energy group was significantly higher than that in the moderate and high energy groups （P〈0.01）. In the cardiac muscle, the HSL mRNA level in the moderate energy group was significantly different from the low and high energy groups （P〈0.05）. The number of HSL copies （Qty） in different tissues of sheep was different, it was greater in the subcutaneous fat than in longissimus dorsi muscle, femoral biceps muscle and heart.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31371666)a grant from the National Key Specific Program to Hua Jinping (2016ZX08005-003)
文摘Somatic embryogenesis （SE） is one of the most important steps during regeneration of cotton, but the molecular mechanism of SE remains unclear. SOMATIC EMBRYOGENSIS RECEPTOR KINASE （SERK） gene is known to function in SE. A homolog GhSERK2 （accession number： JF430801） was cloned from Upland cotton and characterized for its functions in SE. GhSERK2 expressed in different tissues and showed higher expression level in floral organs than vegetative ones with the highest levels in ovule and anther. GhSERK2 expressed during SE with a high level at globular embryos stage. Upon treatment with indole-3-butytic acid （IBA）, the transcription level of GhSERK2 was induced and promoted SE subsequently. A 2-day treatment of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid （2,4-D） induced the expression of GhSERK2, but treatments of 2,4-D for longer periods sharply inhibited the GhSERK2 transcription level of embryogenic callus （EC）. The levels of hormones, including 3-indoleacetic acid （IAA）, abscisic acid （ABA）, and brassinosteroid （BR）, were increased in the initial calli induced from the over-expression of GhSERK2 cotton. Our results indicated that GhSERK2 expression was associated with induction of SE and closely related to hormone levels during tissue culture in Upland cotton, and the gene might play an important role in regeneration of cotton.
文摘Root-to-shoot signaling is used by plants to coordinate shoot development with the conditions experienced by the roots. A mobile and biologically active compound, the bps signal, is over-produced in roots of an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant called bypass1 （bpsl）, and might also be a normally produced signaling molecule in wild-type plants. Our goal is to identify the bps signal chemically, which will then allow us to assess its production in normal plants. To identify any signaling molecule, a bioassay is required, and here we describe the development of a robust, simple, and quantitative bioassay for the bps signal. The developed bioassay follows the growth-reducing activity of the bps signal using the pCYCB1;I：：GUS cell cycle marker. Wild-type plants carrying this marker, and provided the bps signal through either grafts or metabolite extracts, showed reduced cell division. By contrast, control grafts and treatment with control extracts showed no change in pCYCB1;I：：GUS expression. To determine the chemical nature of the bps signal, extracts were treated with RNase A, Proteinase K, or heat. None of these treatments diminished the activity of bpsl extracts, sug- gesting that the active molecule might be a metabolite. This bioassay will be useful for future biochemical fractionation and analysis directed toward bps signal identification.
文摘Air pollution is today a real concern across the world, responsible for around 7 million deaths per year around the world. It is currently involved in the appearance and worsening of several non-transmissible pathologies, making it an environmental, health, and societal problem. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of short-term exposure to air pollution on the level of sex hormones in mechanics. We conducted a cross-sectional, analytical, prospective case-control study in Brazzaville on 228 patients (76 cases and 152 controls) from June 2020 to December 2022, a period of 30 months. This study made it possible to evaluate, on the one hand, the level of sexual hormones in men exposed to automobile pollution according to the automated method (ELFA) on mini vidas and, on the other hand, the quality of the air by a colorimetric, punctual method on a Dräger tube coupled with a Dräger accuro pump. The results obtained made it possible to establish a statistically significant link between automobile pollutants (CO, CO<sub>2</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>) and the increase in LH and FSH on the one hand and the decrease in testosterone on the other hand. We also noted that the concentrations of automotive pollutants during this study were all above the standards required by the WHO. Exposure to automobile pollutants affects the hypothalamic-pituitary axis and therefore disrupts the level of sex hormones.
文摘The aim of the study was to bring scientific evidence of the curative action of the stem bark aqueous extract of Schumanniophyton magnificum (ASMa) on the sexual maturation and fertility of the immature female Wistar rat. Forty immature female rats were randomized and divided into 4 groups of ten animals each and orally treated with the ASMa at doses of 0 (distilled water), 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg /BW/day for 30 consecutive days. Body weight and food intake were recorded throughout the experimental period. The precocity of the puberty onset in treated animals was evaluated through the determination of their age at vaginal opening. At the end of the experimental period, 5 animals in each group were sacrificed and blood samples were collected for hormonal assay. Their ovaries and uteri were removed, blotted, weighted and prepared for biochemical analysis. The remaining rats (5 per group) were crossed with males of proven fertility. After laparotomy (ten days after mating) and delivery, fertility and gestational parameters were recorded. It was noticed that, body weight gain increased significantly at all doses although there was no significant difference in food intake. The sexual maturation of treated animal was reduced to 5 days when compared to control. This was associated with the simultaneous elevation of FSH and LH (p < 0.0001) at dose of 800 mg/kg and FSH alone (p mg/kg. However, the ovarian cholesterol significantly decreased (p < 0.0001) at all doses while the uterine protein significantly increased (p < 0.05;p mg/kg and 800 mg/kg. The animal treated at doses of 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg exhibited an early fertilization (2 - 3 days) when compared to the control one (9 - 14 days). The number of implantation site significantly increased (p < 0.05;p mg/kg and 800 mg/kg) after laparotomy as well as the number of alive fetuses after delivery and gestational rate (80% and 100%) respectively. These results provide the strong evidence on the induction of the onset puberty and gonadotropin synthesis, the i
文摘Thyroid gland is one of most important endocrine glands in the body. It plays vital role in growth control and its measurements tends to change in respect to age, sex, weight and ethnic group of the individual. This study aimed to assess endemic goiter and to estimate the measurement of normal thyroid gland dimensions and thyroid hormones level in school-aged children using Ultrasonography and ELISA Technique in Eastern Sudan (Kassala state). A total of 100 subjects is 6 - 18 years (43 males, 57 females), and mean of age (9.73 ± 2.54 years). This study was done in the period from April 2016 to February 2017. All the subject undergone thyroid ultrasound and thyroid hormone level test. Subjects with history of goiter were excluded from the study, by thyroid dimension (length, height and diameter). Thyroid volume was estimated using ellipsoid formula and thyroid hormones (TSH, T3 and T4) using Toso full automation. The study revealed that 12 subjects of the study (12%) with goiter, 7 female (7%) and 5 males (5%) with age ranged 6 - 11 years with increase in TSH and T3 and decrease in T4 level. The mean of thyroid volumes for normal subject and subject of goiter are 4.93 ± 0.63, 5.4 ± 1.4 mL, respectively, and TSH, T3, T4 (1.8 ± 0.97, 2.4 ± 0.86 UIu/nL), (3.61 ± 0.32, 3.8 ± 0.55 Pg/Nl), (1.35 ± 1.23 ng/DI level respectively). It concluded that there was positive correlations between the age and the thyroid volume (p = 0.65). It increases with increase of the age. The Rt lobe is larger than the Lt lobe;the thyroid volume is higher in male than female, and this study found the TSH and T3 decreased with ages while T4 increased with ages in normal subject;TSH and T3 level increased and T4 level decreased in goiter children.
文摘Thirty healthy Holstein dairy cows in the dry period were randomly divided into three groups and fed diets with different net energy for lactation (group A: 1.2 Mcal/kg DM, group B: 1.3 Mcal/kg DM, and group C: 1.4 Mcal/kg DM) for 8 weeks prepartum. Thereafter, dairy cows were fed a diet of the same formulation (1.66 Mcal/kg DM) for 12 weeks postpartum. The effects of different dietary energy densities in the dry period on postpartum performance and metabolic parameters of dairy cows were observed. Milk yield was reduced by 14.5% in the low-energy diet group;however, there were no differences in milk composition between the three groups. Postpartum plasma β-hydroxybutyrate, non-esterified fatty acid, growth hormone, and glucagon levels were significantly decreased whereas leptin and neuropeptide levels were elevated in the low-energy diet group. Moreover, body fat mobilization was attenuated, and the decline in postpartum body condition was reduced in the low-energy diet group, thus effectively reducing the postpartum negative energy balance.
文摘Aqueous roots extract of Alchornea cordifolia was studied to evaluate its traditional antifertility claim. Antifertility effect of Alchornea cordifolia was evaluated according to the stages of pregnancy of female rats. In the first stage, forty female rats were randomly divided into four groups (10 rats/group) and respectively treated with 1 ml distilled water (control), 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight (BW) per day of Alchornea cordifolia. After laparotomy and at parturition, sites of implantation and resorption on the uterine horns were determined. The ovaries and uterus were collected and weighed. Blood samples were collected for hormonal assay. In the second and third stage of pregnancy, treatment schedule and antifertility parameters were assessed as above for the first stage. Treated groups received daily 400 mg/kg bw of extract of Alchornea cordifolia while Control group received distilled water. It was observed in the first stage of pregnancy that, the number of resorption sites significantly (p < 0.05) decreased at 100 and 200 mg/kg. No implantation site was observed at dose 400 mg/kg after laparotomy as well as the number of pups at parturition at all doses. The body weight of ovaries and uterine horns at dose 400 mg/kg significantly (p < 0.05) decreased when compared to the control. The extract dose dependently decreased significantly the concentrations of serum progesterone. In the second stage of pregnancy after laparotomy and at parturition, the number of live fetus and the survival ratio significantly (p < 0.001) decreased and were associated with the vaginal discharge and bleeding of animals. In the third stage of pregnancy, the extract caused an early parturition associated with a decreased number of live fetus and the survival ratio with p The results indicate that aqueous roots extract of Alchornea cordifolia could induce inhibitory effects on reproductive functions in female albino rats.
基金Financial support and sponsorship This study was supported by a grant from National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81170732）.
文摘Background： Prolonged gonadal hormone deficiency in patients with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism （IHH） may produce adverse effects on the endocrine homeostasis and metabolism. This study aimed to compare basal serum adrenocorticotropic hormone （ACTH） and cortisol levels between male IHH patients and healthy controls. Moreover, this study compared the basal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal （HPA） axis in patients with and without nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD）, and also evaluated the relationship between basal HPA axis and NAFLD in male IHH patients. Methods： This was a retrospective case-control study involving 75 Chinese male IHH patients （mean age 21.4 ± 3.8 years, range 17 30 years） and 135 healthy controls after matching tbr gender and age. All subjects underwent physical examination and blood testing for serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone. ACTH, and cortisol and biochemical tests. Results： Higher basal serum ACTH levels （8.25 ±3.78 pmol/L vs. 6.97 ±2.81 pmol/L） and lower cortisol levels （366.70 ±142.48 nmol/L vs. 452.82 ± 141.53 nmol/L） were observed ill male IHH patients than healthy subjects （all P 〈 0.05）. IHH patients also showed higher metabolism parameters and higher prevalence rate of NAFLD （34.9% vs. 4.4%） than the controls （all P 〈 0.05）. Basal serum ACTH （9.91 ±4.98 pmol/L vs. 7.60 ±2.96 pmol/L） and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate （2123.7 ±925.8 μg/L vs. 1417.1 ±498.4 μg/L） levels were significantly higher in IHH patients with NAFLD than those without NAFLD （all P 〈 0.05）. We also found that basal serum ACTH levels were positively correlated with NAFLD （r = 0.289, P 〈 0.05） and triglyceride levels （r - 0.268, P 〈 0.05） in male IHH patients. Furthermore, NAFLD was independently associated with ACTH levels in male IHH patients by multiple linear regression analysis. Conclusions： The male IHH patients showed higher basal serum ACTH levels and lower cortisol levels
