A microbial inoculant, known as effective microorganisms （EM）, was applied to determine its efficacy on seed germination and seedling growth in the nursery of Acacia auriculiformis A Curm. ex Benth. The seedlings we...A microbial inoculant, known as effective microorganisms （EM）, was applied to determine its efficacy on seed germination and seedling growth in the nursery of Acacia auriculiformis A Curm. ex Benth. The seedlings were grown in a mixture of sandy soil and cow dung （3：1） and kept in polybags; EM was poured at different concentra- tions （0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 5% and 10%）. Seed germination rate and growth parameters of seedlings - shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots, vigor, volume, and quality indices and stur- diness - were measured. The nodulation status influenced by EM was also observed, along with the measurement ofpigrnent contents in leaves. The highest germination rate （72%） was observed in 2% EM solution while the lowest （55%） was found in control treatment. The highest shoot and root lengths （30.6 cm and 31.2 cm respectively） were recorded in 2% EM and were significantly （p 〈0.05） different from control. Both fresh and dry weights of shoots were maximum （8.66 g and 2.99 g respectively） in 2% EM, whereas both fresh and dry weights of root were maximum （2.56 g and 1.23 g respectively） in 5% EM solution. Although the highest vigor index, volume index, and sturdiness （4450, 628 and 67.5 respec- tively） were found in 2% EM, the highest quality index （0.455） was found in 5% EM solution. The nodule number was higher at a very low （0.5%） concentration of EM but it normally decreased with the increase of concentration. The contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid were maximum （43.26 mg.L-1, 13.56 mg.L-1 and 17.99 mg.L-1 respectively） in 2% EM. Therefore, low concentration of EM （up to 2%）can be recommended for getting maximum seed germination and seed- ling development ofA. auriculiformis in the nursery.展开更多
The morphogenetic responses to salt stress of TunisianPopu-lus alba clones were studied in order to promote their plantation in dam-aged saline areas. One year-old plants of threeP. alba clones （MA-104, MA-195 and OG...The morphogenetic responses to salt stress of TunisianPopu-lus alba clones were studied in order to promote their plantation in dam-aged saline areas. One year-old plants of threeP. alba clones （MA-104, MA-195 and OG） were subjected to progressive salt stress by irrigation during two consecutive years. The plants were grown in a nursery, inside plastic receptacles containing sandy soil and were irrigated with tap water （control） or 3-6 g/l NaCl solution. During this study, leaf epinasty, elongation rate, vigor, internode length, plant architecture, and number of buds were evaluated. Test clone response was highly dependent on the applied treatment and degree of accommodation.The most pronounced alterations were induced under 6g/l of NaCl treatment including leaf epinasty, leaf elongation rate delay, vigor decrease, internode length shortening, and morphogenetic modifications. These responses were less noticeable in the MA-104 clone with respect to the two other clones. The salt effect induced a delay in the leaf elongation rate on the MA-195 and OG clones leading to an early leaf maturity. The vigour and internode length of the MA-104 clone was less affected than the other clones. The OG clone was the most salt-sensitive thus, it developed shorter branches and more buds number than MA-195 and MA-104. The effect of long-term salt stress was to induce early flowering of theP. alba clones which suggests that mechanism of salt accommodation could be developed.展开更多
[Objective] The experiment aimed to study the growth characteristics of hydroponic bowl lotus. [Method] The lotus variety Hongxia was chosen as the experimental material. Two treatments, hydroponics and soil culture w...[Objective] The experiment aimed to study the growth characteristics of hydroponic bowl lotus. [Method] The lotus variety Hongxia was chosen as the experimental material. Two treatments, hydroponics and soil culture were set to measure their photosynthetic indices, chlorophyll content and root vigor, and to observe their leaf tissue structure and stomatal characteristics. [Result] The findings indicated that there are no differences in the leaf physiological indices between bowl lotus under hydroponics and soil culture, while the leaf stomata of hydroponic bowl lotus is bigger and its amount is larger than that of soil-culture bowl lotus. At the same time, the ratio of the palisade tissue thickness to spongy tissue thickness is small,and its leaf tissue structure is loose. The root vigor of hydroponic bowl lotus reached its summit earlier, then began to drop. Whereas, the root activity of soil-culture lotus sustained increasing, with vigorous growth. [Conclusion] Therefore, it indicated that hydroponic bowl lotus can adapt to the aquatic-culture environment well and quickly, meanwhile, it also enters into its aging period quickly and its growth cycle gets shorter.展开更多
The objective of this work is to verify the influence of the plant regulator trinexapac-ethyl on plant growth and physiological quality of upland rice seeds. We used an upland rice genotype, and the growth regulator w...The objective of this work is to verify the influence of the plant regulator trinexapac-ethyl on plant growth and physiological quality of upland rice seeds. We used an upland rice genotype, and the growth regulator was the trinexapac-ethyl. The experiment was completely randomized in a 4 × 8 factorial design related to four concentrations of the plant regulator trinexapac-ethyl [0 (without growth regulator), 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 L c.p. ha-1] and 7 plant collection times [14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84, 98 days after emergence (DAE)], with four replicates. To determine growth attributes, we evaluated total dry matter, dry matter production rate, relative growth rate, leaf area ratio, leaf matter, leaf area index, solar energy conversion efficiency and partition of assimilates. The physiological quality of the seeds was evaluated based on germination, first germination count, field emergence, emergence speed index and seedling dry matter. Plant growth was affected by the growth regulator. Total dry matter, dry matter production rate and solar energy conversion efficiency decreased, while leaf area index, leaf area ratio and leaf matter increased due to the effects of the growth regulator. The dry matter partition of plants changed in plants subjected to the growth regulator, with a delay in the targeting of assimilates to reproductive organs and a greater allocation to roots at the end of the cycle in plants subjected to the doses 0.50 and 0.75 L·ha-1 of growth regulator. Seed vigor was adversely affected by the growth regulator.展开更多
文摘A microbial inoculant, known as effective microorganisms （EM）, was applied to determine its efficacy on seed germination and seedling growth in the nursery of Acacia auriculiformis A Curm. ex Benth. The seedlings were grown in a mixture of sandy soil and cow dung （3：1） and kept in polybags; EM was poured at different concentra- tions （0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 5% and 10%）. Seed germination rate and growth parameters of seedlings - shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots, vigor, volume, and quality indices and stur- diness - were measured. The nodulation status influenced by EM was also observed, along with the measurement ofpigrnent contents in leaves. The highest germination rate （72%） was observed in 2% EM solution while the lowest （55%） was found in control treatment. The highest shoot and root lengths （30.6 cm and 31.2 cm respectively） were recorded in 2% EM and were significantly （p 〈0.05） different from control. Both fresh and dry weights of shoots were maximum （8.66 g and 2.99 g respectively） in 2% EM, whereas both fresh and dry weights of root were maximum （2.56 g and 1.23 g respectively） in 5% EM solution. Although the highest vigor index, volume index, and sturdiness （4450, 628 and 67.5 respec- tively） were found in 2% EM, the highest quality index （0.455） was found in 5% EM solution. The nodule number was higher at a very low （0.5%） concentration of EM but it normally decreased with the increase of concentration. The contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid were maximum （43.26 mg.L-1, 13.56 mg.L-1 and 17.99 mg.L-1 respectively） in 2% EM. Therefore, low concentration of EM （up to 2%）can be recommended for getting maximum seed germination and seed- ling development ofA. auriculiformis in the nursery.
文摘The morphogenetic responses to salt stress of TunisianPopu-lus alba clones were studied in order to promote their plantation in dam-aged saline areas. One year-old plants of threeP. alba clones （MA-104, MA-195 and OG） were subjected to progressive salt stress by irrigation during two consecutive years. The plants were grown in a nursery, inside plastic receptacles containing sandy soil and were irrigated with tap water （control） or 3-6 g/l NaCl solution. During this study, leaf epinasty, elongation rate, vigor, internode length, plant architecture, and number of buds were evaluated. Test clone response was highly dependent on the applied treatment and degree of accommodation.The most pronounced alterations were induced under 6g/l of NaCl treatment including leaf epinasty, leaf elongation rate delay, vigor decrease, internode length shortening, and morphogenetic modifications. These responses were less noticeable in the MA-104 clone with respect to the two other clones. The salt effect induced a delay in the leaf elongation rate on the MA-195 and OG clones leading to an early leaf maturity. The vigour and internode length of the MA-104 clone was less affected than the other clones. The OG clone was the most salt-sensitive thus, it developed shorter branches and more buds number than MA-195 and MA-104. The effect of long-term salt stress was to induce early flowering of theP. alba clones which suggests that mechanism of salt accommodation could be developed.
基金Supported by Key Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province(072102150001)~~
文摘[Objective] The experiment aimed to study the growth characteristics of hydroponic bowl lotus. [Method] The lotus variety Hongxia was chosen as the experimental material. Two treatments, hydroponics and soil culture were set to measure their photosynthetic indices, chlorophyll content and root vigor, and to observe their leaf tissue structure and stomatal characteristics. [Result] The findings indicated that there are no differences in the leaf physiological indices between bowl lotus under hydroponics and soil culture, while the leaf stomata of hydroponic bowl lotus is bigger and its amount is larger than that of soil-culture bowl lotus. At the same time, the ratio of the palisade tissue thickness to spongy tissue thickness is small,and its leaf tissue structure is loose. The root vigor of hydroponic bowl lotus reached its summit earlier, then began to drop. Whereas, the root activity of soil-culture lotus sustained increasing, with vigorous growth. [Conclusion] Therefore, it indicated that hydroponic bowl lotus can adapt to the aquatic-culture environment well and quickly, meanwhile, it also enters into its aging period quickly and its growth cycle gets shorter.
基金the support of CNPq,National Council for Scientific and Technological Development,Brazilthe scholarship granted of National Council for Scientific and Technological Developmentthe National Council for Scientific and Technological Development(CNPq)for the concession of research productivity grant(PQ2).
文摘The objective of this work is to verify the influence of the plant regulator trinexapac-ethyl on plant growth and physiological quality of upland rice seeds. We used an upland rice genotype, and the growth regulator was the trinexapac-ethyl. The experiment was completely randomized in a 4 × 8 factorial design related to four concentrations of the plant regulator trinexapac-ethyl [0 (without growth regulator), 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 L c.p. ha-1] and 7 plant collection times [14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84, 98 days after emergence (DAE)], with four replicates. To determine growth attributes, we evaluated total dry matter, dry matter production rate, relative growth rate, leaf area ratio, leaf matter, leaf area index, solar energy conversion efficiency and partition of assimilates. The physiological quality of the seeds was evaluated based on germination, first germination count, field emergence, emergence speed index and seedling dry matter. Plant growth was affected by the growth regulator. Total dry matter, dry matter production rate and solar energy conversion efficiency decreased, while leaf area index, leaf area ratio and leaf matter increased due to the effects of the growth regulator. The dry matter partition of plants changed in plants subjected to the growth regulator, with a delay in the targeting of assimilates to reproductive organs and a greater allocation to roots at the end of the cycle in plants subjected to the doses 0.50 and 0.75 L·ha-1 of growth regulator. Seed vigor was adversely affected by the growth regulator.
