为建立针对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang幼虫(韭蛆)的可靠生测方法,采用胃毒触杀联合毒力法、人工饲料混药法和浸虫法分别测定毒死蜱、噻虫胺对不同龄期韭蛆的毒力,以明确龄期、饲养温度、食料及测定方法对药剂敏感...为建立针对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang幼虫(韭蛆)的可靠生测方法,采用胃毒触杀联合毒力法、人工饲料混药法和浸虫法分别测定毒死蜱、噻虫胺对不同龄期韭蛆的毒力,以明确龄期、饲养温度、食料及测定方法对药剂敏感性的影响。试验结果表明,上述三种方法测得2龄幼虫对毒死蜱的敏感性分别为4龄幼虫的11.9倍、7.4倍、3.3倍;毒死蜱对取食韭菜、人工饲料、大葱韭蛆的LC50分别为圆葱的1.84倍、1.47倍、2.31倍;在15-30℃范围内,随韭蛆饲养温度升高,毒死蜱对4龄幼虫的LC50值增大;三种方法测得毒死蜱对4龄幼虫的LC50值分别为67.199 mg/L、71.123 mg/L、88.120 mg/L,噻虫胺对4龄幼虫的LC50值依次为3.584 mg/L、2.255 mg/L、4.329mg/L,胃毒触杀联合毒力法和人工饲料混药法的毒力曲线拟合度高于浸虫法。说明龄期、饲养温度、食料、测定方法均影响韭蛆对杀虫剂的敏感性。展开更多
The artemisia weevil, Adosomus sp., has become an important wormwood （Artemisa ordosoca and A. sphaerocephala） pest in recent years in Ningxia Province, China. The number of larval instars should be determined befor...The artemisia weevil, Adosomus sp., has become an important wormwood （Artemisa ordosoca and A. sphaerocephala） pest in recent years in Ningxia Province, China. The number of larval instars should be determined before further studies on its life history, biology and integrate management of pest （IMP）. In this study, we measured the length and width of head capsule, based on frequency histograms and Dyar＇s law, from which we concluded that the larvae ofAdosomus sp. have four instars. Of the two variables measured, the width of head capsule provided the best division of instars. The average width of head capsule of the 1st instar larvae was 1.348±0.152 mm, the 2nd 2.109±0.199 mm, the 3rd 3.563±0.492 mm and the 4th 5.974±0.581 mm.展开更多
The polyphagous shot hole borer （PSHB）, Euwallacea sp., was first detected in 2003 in Los Angeles County, California, USA. Recently, this invasive species has become a major pest of many hardwood trees in urban and ...The polyphagous shot hole borer （PSHB）, Euwallacea sp., was first detected in 2003 in Los Angeles County, California, USA. Recently, this invasive species has become a major pest of many hardwood trees in urban and wildland forests throughout southern California. PSHB is nearly identical in morphology and life history to the tea shot hole borer （TSHB）, Euwallaceafornicatus, an invasive pest of hardwoods in Florida, USA and many other parts of the world. However, molecular studies have suggested that the taxa are different species. We conducted morphometric and chemical analyses of the pheno- types of Euwallacea sp. collected in southern California （Los Angeles County） and E. fornicatus collected in Florida （Miami-Dade County）. Our analyses indicated that PSHB has 3 larval instars. The third larval instar was separated from the first 2 instars by head capsule width with 0 probability of misclassification. The body length, head width, and pronotal width of PSHB adult males were significantly less than those of females. Head width and pronotal width of female PSHB were significantly less than those of female TSHB. In contrast, body length, and ratio of body length to pronotal width of female PSHB were significantly greater than those of female TSHB. However, females of these 2 species could not be separated completely by these 4 measurements because of the overlapping ranges. Cuticular hydrocarbons detected in both species were exclusively alkanes （i.e., n-alkanes, monomethylalkanes, dimethylalkanes, and trimethylalkanes）. Cuticular hydro- carbon profiles of PSHB males and females were similar, but they both differed from that of TSHB females. Cuticular hydrocarbons of PSHB were predominantly internally branched dimethylalkanes with backbones of 31 and 33 carbons, whereas cuticular hydro- carbons of TSHB females were dominated by internally branched monomethylalkanes and dimethylalkanes with backbones of 28 and 29 carbons. Multiple compounds within these classes appear to be diagnostic for PSHB a展开更多
Apriona germari larvae were obtained via sample collection in woodland and indoor rearing. In this study, larval instars were divided by Dyar＇s law, and the results showed that the larval stage of A. germari comprise...Apriona germari larvae were obtained via sample collection in woodland and indoor rearing. In this study, larval instars were divided by Dyar＇s law, and the results showed that the larval stage of A. germari comprised six instars, while the width of head capsule was the best instar-dividing structure. On the basis of instar division, tubercle numbers on the transverse furrow downside of first abdominal dorsal ambulatory ampullae, seta numbers of abdominal telson and lateral seta numbers of mandible were observed and statistically calculated. The accuracy of instar-dividing was verified by comparing with the Dyar＇s law. The coincidence rate of two instar-dividing results was 90. 47%. It is approved that the above morphological features could be used in instar division ofA. germari larvae.展开更多
文摘为建立针对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang幼虫(韭蛆)的可靠生测方法,采用胃毒触杀联合毒力法、人工饲料混药法和浸虫法分别测定毒死蜱、噻虫胺对不同龄期韭蛆的毒力,以明确龄期、饲养温度、食料及测定方法对药剂敏感性的影响。试验结果表明,上述三种方法测得2龄幼虫对毒死蜱的敏感性分别为4龄幼虫的11.9倍、7.4倍、3.3倍;毒死蜱对取食韭菜、人工饲料、大葱韭蛆的LC50分别为圆葱的1.84倍、1.47倍、2.31倍;在15-30℃范围内,随韭蛆饲养温度升高,毒死蜱对4龄幼虫的LC50值增大;三种方法测得毒死蜱对4龄幼虫的LC50值分别为67.199 mg/L、71.123 mg/L、88.120 mg/L,噻虫胺对4龄幼虫的LC50值依次为3.584 mg/L、2.255 mg/L、4.329mg/L,胃毒触杀联合毒力法和人工饲料混药法的毒力曲线拟合度高于浸虫法。说明龄期、饲养温度、食料、测定方法均影响韭蛆对杀虫剂的敏感性。
基金supported by the National Project of ScienceTechnology for the 11th Five-Year Plan in China (Grant No. 2006BADO8A12)
文摘The artemisia weevil, Adosomus sp., has become an important wormwood （Artemisa ordosoca and A. sphaerocephala） pest in recent years in Ningxia Province, China. The number of larval instars should be determined before further studies on its life history, biology and integrate management of pest （IMP）. In this study, we measured the length and width of head capsule, based on frequency histograms and Dyar＇s law, from which we concluded that the larvae ofAdosomus sp. have four instars. Of the two variables measured, the width of head capsule provided the best division of instars. The average width of head capsule of the 1st instar larvae was 1.348±0.152 mm, the 2nd 2.109±0.199 mm, the 3rd 3.563±0.492 mm and the 4th 5.974±0.581 mm.
文摘The polyphagous shot hole borer （PSHB）, Euwallacea sp., was first detected in 2003 in Los Angeles County, California, USA. Recently, this invasive species has become a major pest of many hardwood trees in urban and wildland forests throughout southern California. PSHB is nearly identical in morphology and life history to the tea shot hole borer （TSHB）, Euwallaceafornicatus, an invasive pest of hardwoods in Florida, USA and many other parts of the world. However, molecular studies have suggested that the taxa are different species. We conducted morphometric and chemical analyses of the pheno- types of Euwallacea sp. collected in southern California （Los Angeles County） and E. fornicatus collected in Florida （Miami-Dade County）. Our analyses indicated that PSHB has 3 larval instars. The third larval instar was separated from the first 2 instars by head capsule width with 0 probability of misclassification. The body length, head width, and pronotal width of PSHB adult males were significantly less than those of females. Head width and pronotal width of female PSHB were significantly less than those of female TSHB. In contrast, body length, and ratio of body length to pronotal width of female PSHB were significantly greater than those of female TSHB. However, females of these 2 species could not be separated completely by these 4 measurements because of the overlapping ranges. Cuticular hydrocarbons detected in both species were exclusively alkanes （i.e., n-alkanes, monomethylalkanes, dimethylalkanes, and trimethylalkanes）. Cuticular hydro- carbon profiles of PSHB males and females were similar, but they both differed from that of TSHB females. Cuticular hydrocarbons of PSHB were predominantly internally branched dimethylalkanes with backbones of 31 and 33 carbons, whereas cuticular hydro- carbons of TSHB females were dominated by internally branched monomethylalkanes and dimethylalkanes with backbones of 28 and 29 carbons. Multiple compounds within these classes appear to be diagnostic for PSHB a
基金Supported by Innovation Project of Graduate Education of Jiangsu Province(CXZZ11_0538)Project of Nanjing Construction Committee and the Administration Bureau of Dr.Sun Yat-sen's Mausoleum(200409)
文摘Apriona germari larvae were obtained via sample collection in woodland and indoor rearing. In this study, larval instars were divided by Dyar＇s law, and the results showed that the larval stage of A. germari comprised six instars, while the width of head capsule was the best instar-dividing structure. On the basis of instar division, tubercle numbers on the transverse furrow downside of first abdominal dorsal ambulatory ampullae, seta numbers of abdominal telson and lateral seta numbers of mandible were observed and statistically calculated. The accuracy of instar-dividing was verified by comparing with the Dyar＇s law. The coincidence rate of two instar-dividing results was 90. 47%. It is approved that the above morphological features could be used in instar division ofA. germari larvae.
