为研究鸭绿沙塘鳢(Odontobutis yaluensis)仔稚鱼发育特点,并确定仔鱼最佳投饵时间及饥饿不可逆点(point of no return,PNR),在水温19.7~26.7℃下,研究了饥饿胁迫对鸭绿沙塘鳢仔鱼生长、形态和行为的影响。结果表明:鸭绿沙塘鳢仔稚鱼发...为研究鸭绿沙塘鳢(Odontobutis yaluensis)仔稚鱼发育特点,并确定仔鱼最佳投饵时间及饥饿不可逆点(point of no return,PNR),在水温19.7~26.7℃下,研究了饥饿胁迫对鸭绿沙塘鳢仔鱼生长、形态和行为的影响。结果表明:鸭绿沙塘鳢仔稚鱼发育较独特,鳍条在胚胎期已完全分离,鳞片初发生时卵黄囊未完全消失;根据鳞片形成的特点,将鸭绿沙塘鳢仔稚鱼发育划分为仔鱼期(孵化后0~14日龄)和稚鱼期(孵化后15~44日龄);初孵仔鱼全长为(7.72±0.09)mm,卵黄囊体积为(0.74±0.04)mm^(3),口张开,肛门贯通,尾骨上翘,耳石、鳃弓、鳃丝、齿及各鳍鳍条均可见;孵化后1日龄仔鱼开口,4日龄仔鱼卵黄囊消耗50%,15日龄仔鱼鳞片首先出现在尾柄中轴线附近,发育进入稚鱼期,18日龄稚鱼卵黄囊消耗90%,30日龄稚鱼卵黄囊及油球消失,44日龄稚鱼头顶部和鳃盖处的鳞片覆盖形成,鳞被完全,发育进入幼鱼期;鸭绿沙塘鳢全长与孵化后日龄呈二次多项式函数关系,卵黄囊体积与孵化后日龄呈对数函数关系;鸭绿沙塘鳢孵化后1日龄仔鱼开口率为40%,2~8日龄仔鱼开口率达最高值100%,9日龄仔鱼开口率开始下降,12~13日龄仔鱼到达饥饿不可逆点(PNR),13~14日龄饥饿仔鱼累计死亡率达50%,18日龄饥饿稚鱼全部死亡;投喂组仔鱼的全长、眼径、尾柄高、卵黄囊体积和鳔体积,分别从6、8、5、1、5日龄起显著高于饥饿组(P<0.05),饥饿仔鱼的全长、眼径、尾柄高和鳔体积,分别从14、13、13、10日龄起出现负增长,这表明饥饿对仔鱼生长发育有延迟作用。研究表明,鸭绿沙塘鳢在仔鱼期器官发育较完善是对栖息地山区河流生态适应的结果,其最佳开口时间为孵化后1~2日龄,PNR为12~13日龄。展开更多
The structure of intestinal microbiota of black rockfish Sebastes schlegelii in five early development stages were determined in high throughput sequencing with Illumina MiSeq PE300 system.The relationship between int...The structure of intestinal microbiota of black rockfish Sebastes schlegelii in five early development stages were determined in high throughput sequencing with Illumina MiSeq PE300 system.The relationship between intestinal microbial community and the environmental(including culture water and feed)microbiota and the abundance variation trends of core microbiota were investigated,based on which the source of some core microbiota was analyzed in this study.The results show that Proteobacteria and Firmicutes are the most dominant phyla in guts.At the genus level,there are obvious differences between the artificial breeding fish and wild adults in the intestinal microflora structure.The compositions of dominant genera are similar,although the structure of intestinal microbiota gradually changes with the growth of larvae and juveniles.The core microbiota including Bacillus,Acinetobacter,Pseudomonas,Lactobacillus,Lactococcus,Glaciecola,Vibrio,Pseudoalteromonas,Acidovorax,and Aliivibrio were determined in the analysis of dominant and shared species.Compared with the water,the effect of feed microbiota on the structure of the gut microbial community is more obvious.Moreover,the trends of Bacillus,Acinetobacter,Pseudomonas,Lactobacillus,Lactococcus,and Glaciecola were opposite to Vibrio and Pseudoalteromonas in the gut.The correlation analysis suggested that Acidovorax,Glaciecola,Pseudomonas,Lactobacillus,and Acinetobacter might transited from mainly the parents and/or came from the fertilization process.The relative results may provide a theoretical reference for selecting the native probiotics,and supply the basic data for artificially regulating the intestinal microbiota with probiotic during early developmental stage of black rockfish.展开更多
利用生态调控、人工促熟和催产技术对菊黄东方鲀（♀）与红鳍东方鲀（♂）进行种间杂交，并对杂交子代胚胎及仔稚鱼发育进行了系统观察，详细描述了胚胎发育时序、形态特征以及仔稚幼鱼的发育特点。研究结果表明，菊黄东方鲀（♀）×...利用生态调控、人工促熟和催产技术对菊黄东方鲀（♀）与红鳍东方鲀（♂）进行种间杂交，并对杂交子代胚胎及仔稚鱼发育进行了系统观察，详细描述了胚胎发育时序、形态特征以及仔稚幼鱼的发育特点。研究结果表明，菊黄东方鲀（♀）×红鳍东方鲀（♂）杂交子代受精卵为沉性、具弱黏性，卵径（1．02±0．04） m m。在水温18～19℃、盐度30～32条件下，杂交子代受精卵经过150 h发育为初孵仔鱼，整个胚胎发育需有效积温2790℃· h ，其发育过程分7个阶段，24个发育分期。初孵仔鱼全长（2．52±0．15）mm，卵黄囊约占全长1／3，肌节和血管明显；孵化后4d，卵黄囊大部分被吸收，开始由内源性营养向外源性营养过渡，仔鱼具摄食能力。8 d后，卵黄囊完全被吸收。15 d后，仔鱼腹部前方出现大量“小皮刺”，开始出现鼓气现象。18 d后，齿形成，进入稚鱼期。25 d ，齿板形成，出现互残攻击现象，进入稚鱼死亡高峰期。40 d后，进入幼鱼期，其形态特征偏向于菊黄东方鲀。展开更多
文摘为研究鸭绿沙塘鳢(Odontobutis yaluensis)仔稚鱼发育特点,并确定仔鱼最佳投饵时间及饥饿不可逆点(point of no return,PNR),在水温19.7~26.7℃下,研究了饥饿胁迫对鸭绿沙塘鳢仔鱼生长、形态和行为的影响。结果表明:鸭绿沙塘鳢仔稚鱼发育较独特,鳍条在胚胎期已完全分离,鳞片初发生时卵黄囊未完全消失;根据鳞片形成的特点,将鸭绿沙塘鳢仔稚鱼发育划分为仔鱼期(孵化后0~14日龄)和稚鱼期(孵化后15~44日龄);初孵仔鱼全长为(7.72±0.09)mm,卵黄囊体积为(0.74±0.04)mm^(3),口张开,肛门贯通,尾骨上翘,耳石、鳃弓、鳃丝、齿及各鳍鳍条均可见;孵化后1日龄仔鱼开口,4日龄仔鱼卵黄囊消耗50%,15日龄仔鱼鳞片首先出现在尾柄中轴线附近,发育进入稚鱼期,18日龄稚鱼卵黄囊消耗90%,30日龄稚鱼卵黄囊及油球消失,44日龄稚鱼头顶部和鳃盖处的鳞片覆盖形成,鳞被完全,发育进入幼鱼期;鸭绿沙塘鳢全长与孵化后日龄呈二次多项式函数关系,卵黄囊体积与孵化后日龄呈对数函数关系;鸭绿沙塘鳢孵化后1日龄仔鱼开口率为40%,2~8日龄仔鱼开口率达最高值100%,9日龄仔鱼开口率开始下降,12~13日龄仔鱼到达饥饿不可逆点(PNR),13~14日龄饥饿仔鱼累计死亡率达50%,18日龄饥饿稚鱼全部死亡;投喂组仔鱼的全长、眼径、尾柄高、卵黄囊体积和鳔体积,分别从6、8、5、1、5日龄起显著高于饥饿组(P<0.05),饥饿仔鱼的全长、眼径、尾柄高和鳔体积,分别从14、13、13、10日龄起出现负增长,这表明饥饿对仔鱼生长发育有延迟作用。研究表明,鸭绿沙塘鳢在仔鱼期器官发育较完善是对栖息地山区河流生态适应的结果,其最佳开口时间为孵化后1~2日龄,PNR为12~13日龄。
基金Supported by the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fundthe CAFS+4 种基金the Fund of Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture,China(No.2018HY-XKQ01-04)the Marine S&T Fund of Shandong Province for Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)(No.2018SDKJ0501-2)the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,YSFRI,CAFS,China(No.20603022018021)the China Agriculture Research System(No.CARS-47)the Key Project of Research and Development Plan of China(No.2017YFE0104400)
文摘The structure of intestinal microbiota of black rockfish Sebastes schlegelii in five early development stages were determined in high throughput sequencing with Illumina MiSeq PE300 system.The relationship between intestinal microbial community and the environmental(including culture water and feed)microbiota and the abundance variation trends of core microbiota were investigated,based on which the source of some core microbiota was analyzed in this study.The results show that Proteobacteria and Firmicutes are the most dominant phyla in guts.At the genus level,there are obvious differences between the artificial breeding fish and wild adults in the intestinal microflora structure.The compositions of dominant genera are similar,although the structure of intestinal microbiota gradually changes with the growth of larvae and juveniles.The core microbiota including Bacillus,Acinetobacter,Pseudomonas,Lactobacillus,Lactococcus,Glaciecola,Vibrio,Pseudoalteromonas,Acidovorax,and Aliivibrio were determined in the analysis of dominant and shared species.Compared with the water,the effect of feed microbiota on the structure of the gut microbial community is more obvious.Moreover,the trends of Bacillus,Acinetobacter,Pseudomonas,Lactobacillus,Lactococcus,and Glaciecola were opposite to Vibrio and Pseudoalteromonas in the gut.The correlation analysis suggested that Acidovorax,Glaciecola,Pseudomonas,Lactobacillus,and Acinetobacter might transited from mainly the parents and/or came from the fertilization process.The relative results may provide a theoretical reference for selecting the native probiotics,and supply the basic data for artificially regulating the intestinal microbiota with probiotic during early developmental stage of black rockfish.
文摘利用生态调控、人工促熟和催产技术对菊黄东方鲀（♀）与红鳍东方鲀（♂）进行种间杂交，并对杂交子代胚胎及仔稚鱼发育进行了系统观察，详细描述了胚胎发育时序、形态特征以及仔稚幼鱼的发育特点。研究结果表明，菊黄东方鲀（♀）×红鳍东方鲀（♂）杂交子代受精卵为沉性、具弱黏性，卵径（1．02±0．04） m m。在水温18～19℃、盐度30～32条件下，杂交子代受精卵经过150 h发育为初孵仔鱼，整个胚胎发育需有效积温2790℃· h ，其发育过程分7个阶段，24个发育分期。初孵仔鱼全长（2．52±0．15）mm，卵黄囊约占全长1／3，肌节和血管明显；孵化后4d，卵黄囊大部分被吸收，开始由内源性营养向外源性营养过渡，仔鱼具摄食能力。8 d后，卵黄囊完全被吸收。15 d后，仔鱼腹部前方出现大量“小皮刺”，开始出现鼓气现象。18 d后，齿形成，进入稚鱼期。25 d ，齿板形成，出现互残攻击现象，进入稚鱼死亡高峰期。40 d后，进入幼鱼期，其形态特征偏向于菊黄东方鲀。
