The history of botanic gardens in the United Kingdom is sketched out with particular reference to the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew and its changing role to meet societal requirements over 250 years.Kew's position as ...The history of botanic gardens in the United Kingdom is sketched out with particular reference to the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew and its changing role to meet societal requirements over 250 years.Kew's position as a modern scientific institution confronting today's environmental issues through its Breathing Planet Programme yet retaining its heritage buildings and collections is pinpointed.展开更多
In the early 20th century,numerous western botanists,often referred to as‘plant hunters’,embarked on ambitious expeditions to China,playing a crucial role in the study of botany and botanical diversity.Despite their...In the early 20th century,numerous western botanists,often referred to as‘plant hunters’,embarked on ambitious expeditions to China,playing a crucial role in the study of botany and botanical diversity.Despite their contributions,comprehensive assessments of their explorations are lacking.To bridge this gap,this article focuses on the work of Joseph Charles Francis Rock,a notable figure in that era.Our work revisits Rock’s botanical expeditions within the broader context of botanical diversity conservation.It outlines his historical experiences in collecting plants in China and enumerates the species composition and phenotypic traits of the plants he collected.Additionally,it also analyzes the spatial distribution of the species,the completeness of his collection and the α-and β-diversity of the plants he collected.Our findings reveal that Rock led four major botanical expeditions in China between 1922 and 1933,amassing a total of 28184 sheets and 16608 numbers across 204 families,1081 genera and 4231 species.His focus was predominantly on ornamental species,which exhibit a variety of flower colors and inflorescences.His collection work spanned 5 provinces,35 cities and 72 counties,with a notable concentration in the Hengduan Mountains,a current biodiversity hotspot.This study not only reconstructs Rock’s botanical legacy but also offers valuable historical data and fresh analytical insights for understanding contemporary plant diversity.It contributes to the ongoing discourse on the importance of preserving plant diversity as a cornerstone of environmental sustainability.展开更多
With the rapid development of digital information technology,images are increasingly used in various fields.To ensure the security of image data,prevent unauthorized tampering and leakage,maintain personal privacy,and...With the rapid development of digital information technology,images are increasingly used in various fields.To ensure the security of image data,prevent unauthorized tampering and leakage,maintain personal privacy,and protect intellectual property rights,this study proposes an innovative color image encryption algorithm.Initially,the Mersenne Twister algorithm is utilized to generate high-quality pseudo-random numbers,establishing a robust basis for subsequent operations.Subsequently,two distinct chaotic systems,the autonomous non-Hamiltonian chaotic system and the tentlogistic-cosine chaotic mapping,are employed to produce chaotic random sequences.These chaotic sequences are used to control the encoding and decoding process of the DNA,effectively scrambling the image pixels.Furthermore,the complexity of the encryption process is enhanced through improved Joseph block scrambling.Thorough experimental verification,research,and analysis,the average value of the information entropy test data reaches as high as 7.999.Additionally,the average value of the number of pixels change rate(NPCR)test data is 99.6101%,which closely approaches the ideal value of 99.6094%.This algorithm not only guarantees image quality but also substantially raises the difficulty of decryption.展开更多
关于语言与生态（包括环境）的关系（如语言与环境、语言与社会、语言使用者与语言的关系等问题）的研究已经有很长的历史,黄国文（2016a）曾提到,在洪堡特（Wilhelm von Humboldt,1767-1835）、萨丕尔（Edward Sapir,1884-1939）、马...关于语言与生态（包括环境）的关系（如语言与环境、语言与社会、语言使用者与语言的关系等问题）的研究已经有很长的历史,黄国文（2016a）曾提到,在洪堡特（Wilhelm von Humboldt,1767-1835）、萨丕尔（Edward Sapir,1884-1939）、马林诺夫斯基（Bronislaw Kaspar Malinowski,1884-1942）、弗思（John Rupert Firth,1890-1960）、甘柏兹（John Joseph Gumperz,1922-2013）、费希曼（Joshua Aaron Fishman,1926-2015）、海姆斯（Dell Hathaw ay Hymes,1927-2009）等等已故的著名语言学家的著作中．展开更多
Joseph Lister教授是外科学历史上的杰出人物,他开创了外科手术无菌理念的先河。作为19世纪英国备受瞩目的外科医生,他在昏昧的年代不惧艰难,勇于探索,创立并推广了无菌术。他精心制备了初级的消毒液并制定出手术消毒的基本步骤[1],从...Joseph Lister教授是外科学历史上的杰出人物,他开创了外科手术无菌理念的先河。作为19世纪英国备受瞩目的外科医生,他在昏昧的年代不惧艰难,勇于探索,创立并推广了无菌术。他精心制备了初级的消毒液并制定出手术消毒的基本步骤[1],从那以后,外科手术死亡率迅速下降,拯救了亿万生命[2]。无菌理念的出现标志着外科手术进入了新的历史阶段[3]。展开更多
Sister Mary Joseph’s nodule(SMJN)is a rare umbilical nodule that develops secondary to metastatic cancer.Primary malignancies are located in the abdomen or pelvis.Patients with SMJN have a poor prognosis.An 83-year-o...Sister Mary Joseph’s nodule(SMJN)is a rare umbilical nodule that develops secondary to metastatic cancer.Primary malignancies are located in the abdomen or pelvis.Patients with SMJN have a poor prognosis.An 83-year-old woman presented to our hospital with a1-month history of a rapidly enlarging umbilical mass.Endoscopic findings revealed advanced transverse colon cancer.computer tomography and fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography revealed tumors of the transverse colon,umbilicus,right inguinal lymph nodes,and left lung.The feeding arteries and drainage veins for the SMJN were the inferior epigastric vessels.Imaging findings of the left lung tumor allowed for identification of the primary lung cancer,and a diagnosis of advanced transverse colon cancer with SMJN and primary lung cancer was made.The patient underwent local resection of the SMNJ and subsequent single-site laparoscopic surgery involving right hemicolectomy and paracolic lymph node dissection.Intra-abdominal dissemination to the mesocolon was confirmed during surgery.Histopathologically,the transverse colon cancer was confirmed to be moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma.We suspect that SMJN may occur via a hematogenous pathway.Although chemotherapy for colon cancer and thoracoscopic surgery for the primary lung cancer were scheduled,the patient and her family desired home hospice.Seven months after surgery,she died of rapidly growing lung cancer.展开更多
Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma is a rare aggres-sive tumor of the peritoneum. An increasing number of malignant mesothelioma cases have been reported in recent years. We report here a very rare case of malignant pe...Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma is a rare aggres-sive tumor of the peritoneum. An increasing number of malignant mesothelioma cases have been reported in recent years. We report here a very rare case of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma with both umbilical hernia and umbilical metastasis which is also called Sister Mary Joseph's nodule. We performed laparoscopy which showed specific laparoscopic findings, and the pathological findings of the biopsy specimen led to the diagnosis. This case was associated with umbilical her-nia which could be induced by massive ascites. A newly developed abdominal hernia should be noted as a primary symptom of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma, as shown in the present case.展开更多
BACKGROUND Sister Mary Joseph’s nodule(SMJN)is rare and may occur independently or simultaneously with malignant tumors in the abdominal cavity.It has a poor prognosis.Endometrial carcinoma is the most common maligna...BACKGROUND Sister Mary Joseph’s nodule(SMJN)is rare and may occur independently or simultaneously with malignant tumors in the abdominal cavity.It has a poor prognosis.Endometrial carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor in the upper segment of the female reproductive tract;however,it rarely occurs with SMJN.We here report a case of endometrial carcinoma with SMJN.CASE SUMMARY A 75-year-old woman was diagnosed with endometrial cancer>2 years ago.After multiple cycles of chemotherapy,an obvious but painless umbilical mass was detected 2 wk before admission.The patient did not undergo surgical treatment but received chemotherapy,which was different from previous chemotherapy,for three consecutive cycles after discovery of umbilical metastases.Currently,the umbilical metastatic tumor has reduced,and the quality of life of the patient has significantly improved.CONCLUSION Once the umbilical mass is found,the possibility of SMJN should be considered.We should also take into account the poor prognosis of endometrial carcinoma complicated with umbilical metastasis,especially in patients with advanced tumors,and it is important to choose an appropriate treatment.展开更多
文摘The history of botanic gardens in the United Kingdom is sketched out with particular reference to the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew and its changing role to meet societal requirements over 250 years.Kew's position as a modern scientific institution confronting today's environmental issues through its Breathing Planet Programme yet retaining its heritage buildings and collections is pinpointed.
文摘In the early 20th century,numerous western botanists,often referred to as‘plant hunters’,embarked on ambitious expeditions to China,playing a crucial role in the study of botany and botanical diversity.Despite their contributions,comprehensive assessments of their explorations are lacking.To bridge this gap,this article focuses on the work of Joseph Charles Francis Rock,a notable figure in that era.Our work revisits Rock’s botanical expeditions within the broader context of botanical diversity conservation.It outlines his historical experiences in collecting plants in China and enumerates the species composition and phenotypic traits of the plants he collected.Additionally,it also analyzes the spatial distribution of the species,the completeness of his collection and the α-and β-diversity of the plants he collected.Our findings reveal that Rock led four major botanical expeditions in China between 1922 and 1933,amassing a total of 28184 sheets and 16608 numbers across 204 families,1081 genera and 4231 species.His focus was predominantly on ornamental species,which exhibit a variety of flower colors and inflorescences.His collection work spanned 5 provinces,35 cities and 72 counties,with a notable concentration in the Hengduan Mountains,a current biodiversity hotspot.This study not only reconstructs Rock’s botanical legacy but also offers valuable historical data and fresh analytical insights for understanding contemporary plant diversity.It contributes to the ongoing discourse on the importance of preserving plant diversity as a cornerstone of environmental sustainability.
基金supported by the Open Fund of Advanced Cryptography and System Security Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province(Grant No.SKLACSS-202208)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(Grant No.CSTB2023NSCQLZX0139)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61772295).
文摘With the rapid development of digital information technology,images are increasingly used in various fields.To ensure the security of image data,prevent unauthorized tampering and leakage,maintain personal privacy,and protect intellectual property rights,this study proposes an innovative color image encryption algorithm.Initially,the Mersenne Twister algorithm is utilized to generate high-quality pseudo-random numbers,establishing a robust basis for subsequent operations.Subsequently,two distinct chaotic systems,the autonomous non-Hamiltonian chaotic system and the tentlogistic-cosine chaotic mapping,are employed to produce chaotic random sequences.These chaotic sequences are used to control the encoding and decoding process of the DNA,effectively scrambling the image pixels.Furthermore,the complexity of the encryption process is enhanced through improved Joseph block scrambling.Thorough experimental verification,research,and analysis,the average value of the information entropy test data reaches as high as 7.999.Additionally,the average value of the number of pixels change rate(NPCR)test data is 99.6101%,which closely approaches the ideal value of 99.6094%.This algorithm not only guarantees image quality but also substantially raises the difficulty of decryption.
文摘关于语言与生态（包括环境）的关系（如语言与环境、语言与社会、语言使用者与语言的关系等问题）的研究已经有很长的历史,黄国文（2016a）曾提到,在洪堡特（Wilhelm von Humboldt,1767-1835）、萨丕尔（Edward Sapir,1884-1939）、马林诺夫斯基（Bronislaw Kaspar Malinowski,1884-1942）、弗思（John Rupert Firth,1890-1960）、甘柏兹（John Joseph Gumperz,1922-2013）、费希曼（Joshua Aaron Fishman,1926-2015）、海姆斯（Dell Hathaw ay Hymes,1927-2009）等等已故的著名语言学家的著作中．
文摘Sister Mary Joseph’s nodule(SMJN)is a rare umbilical nodule that develops secondary to metastatic cancer.Primary malignancies are located in the abdomen or pelvis.Patients with SMJN have a poor prognosis.An 83-year-old woman presented to our hospital with a1-month history of a rapidly enlarging umbilical mass.Endoscopic findings revealed advanced transverse colon cancer.computer tomography and fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography revealed tumors of the transverse colon,umbilicus,right inguinal lymph nodes,and left lung.The feeding arteries and drainage veins for the SMJN were the inferior epigastric vessels.Imaging findings of the left lung tumor allowed for identification of the primary lung cancer,and a diagnosis of advanced transverse colon cancer with SMJN and primary lung cancer was made.The patient underwent local resection of the SMNJ and subsequent single-site laparoscopic surgery involving right hemicolectomy and paracolic lymph node dissection.Intra-abdominal dissemination to the mesocolon was confirmed during surgery.Histopathologically,the transverse colon cancer was confirmed to be moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma.We suspect that SMJN may occur via a hematogenous pathway.Although chemotherapy for colon cancer and thoracoscopic surgery for the primary lung cancer were scheduled,the patient and her family desired home hospice.Seven months after surgery,she died of rapidly growing lung cancer.
文摘Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma is a rare aggres-sive tumor of the peritoneum. An increasing number of malignant mesothelioma cases have been reported in recent years. We report here a very rare case of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma with both umbilical hernia and umbilical metastasis which is also called Sister Mary Joseph's nodule. We performed laparoscopy which showed specific laparoscopic findings, and the pathological findings of the biopsy specimen led to the diagnosis. This case was associated with umbilical her-nia which could be induced by massive ascites. A newly developed abdominal hernia should be noted as a primary symptom of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma, as shown in the present case.
文摘BACKGROUND Sister Mary Joseph’s nodule(SMJN)is rare and may occur independently or simultaneously with malignant tumors in the abdominal cavity.It has a poor prognosis.Endometrial carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor in the upper segment of the female reproductive tract;however,it rarely occurs with SMJN.We here report a case of endometrial carcinoma with SMJN.CASE SUMMARY A 75-year-old woman was diagnosed with endometrial cancer>2 years ago.After multiple cycles of chemotherapy,an obvious but painless umbilical mass was detected 2 wk before admission.The patient did not undergo surgical treatment but received chemotherapy,which was different from previous chemotherapy,for three consecutive cycles after discovery of umbilical metastases.Currently,the umbilical metastatic tumor has reduced,and the quality of life of the patient has significantly improved.CONCLUSION Once the umbilical mass is found,the possibility of SMJN should be considered.We should also take into account the poor prognosis of endometrial carcinoma complicated with umbilical metastasis,especially in patients with advanced tumors,and it is important to choose an appropriate treatment.
