In this study,we investigated the motion,shape,and delayed radiation intensity of a radioactive cloud by establishing a volume-source model of delayed radiation after high-altitude nuclear explosions.Then,the spatial ...In this study,we investigated the motion,shape,and delayed radiation intensity of a radioactive cloud by establishing a volume-source model of delayed radiation after high-altitude nuclear explosions.Then,the spatial distribution of electron number density at different moments on the north side of the explosion point generated by delayed γ-rays and delayed β-rays from the radioactive cloud under the influence of the geomagnetic field was calculated by solving chemical reaction kinetics equations.The impact of radio communication in the different frequency bands on the process of atmospheric ionization was also studied.The numerical results of the high-altitude nuclear explosion (120 km high and with a 1 megaton equivalent at 40°N latitude) indicated that the peak of electron number density ionized delayed γ-rays is located at a height of approximately 100 km and that of electron number density ionized delayed β-rays is about 90 km high.After 1 min of explosion,the radio communication in the medium frequency (MF) and high-frequency (HF)bands was completely interrupted,and the energy attenuation of the radio wave in the very high-frequency (VHF)band was extremely high.Five minutes later,the VHF radio communication was basically restored,but the energy attenuation in the HF band was still high.After 30 min,theVHF radio communication returned to normal,but its influence on the HF and MF radio communication continued.展开更多
土壤非线性电离效应是影响接地体散流能力的重要因素。为了研究冲击电流作用下土壤非线性电离对接地体泄流能力的影响规律,以单根水平接地体为研究对象,采用三维时域有限差分(3-D FDTD)数值分析方法,基于L-D(Liew and Darveniza)提出的...土壤非线性电离效应是影响接地体散流能力的重要因素。为了研究冲击电流作用下土壤非线性电离对接地体泄流能力的影响规律,以单根水平接地体为研究对象,采用三维时域有限差分(3-D FDTD)数值分析方法,基于L-D(Liew and Darveniza)提出的土壤非线性电离效应模型;根据电磁场理论,建立了水平接地体仿真模型,然后从暂态冲击接地电阻、最大暂态地电位升(GPR)和电导率分布等接地体特性参数角度来研究水平接地体冲击散流的物理过程。研究表明:1雷电流在接地体及其周围土壤的散流是复杂的电磁暂态过程,接地体的散流极不均匀;2土壤非线性电离效应减小暂态冲击接地电阻,而且考虑了土壤非线性电离效应的最大暂态地电位升要远远低于未考虑土壤非线性电离的情况;3接地体端部附近土壤电离区域大于中部附近电离区域,具有明显的端部效应。展开更多
Within the approximations of spherical lattice cell, central-field, and relativistic Fermi statis- tics, an algorithm with average atom model is presented to calculate the electronic energy levels and equation of stat...Within the approximations of spherical lattice cell, central-field, and relativistic Fermi statis- tics, an algorithm with average atom model is presented to calculate the electronic energy levels and equation of state for hot and dense matter at arbitrary densities and temperatures. Choosing Zink's analytical potential as initial potential, we have solved the Dirac-Slater equation which satisfies the Weigner-Seitz boundary condition. The electronic energy bands are not taken into account. Tak- ing energy level degeneracy as a continuous function of density, we have considered the pressure ionization effects for highly dense matter. Results for ^(13)Al atom are shown.展开更多
文摘In this study,we investigated the motion,shape,and delayed radiation intensity of a radioactive cloud by establishing a volume-source model of delayed radiation after high-altitude nuclear explosions.Then,the spatial distribution of electron number density at different moments on the north side of the explosion point generated by delayed γ-rays and delayed β-rays from the radioactive cloud under the influence of the geomagnetic field was calculated by solving chemical reaction kinetics equations.The impact of radio communication in the different frequency bands on the process of atmospheric ionization was also studied.The numerical results of the high-altitude nuclear explosion (120 km high and with a 1 megaton equivalent at 40°N latitude) indicated that the peak of electron number density ionized delayed γ-rays is located at a height of approximately 100 km and that of electron number density ionized delayed β-rays is about 90 km high.After 1 min of explosion,the radio communication in the medium frequency (MF) and high-frequency (HF)bands was completely interrupted,and the energy attenuation of the radio wave in the very high-frequency (VHF)band was extremely high.Five minutes later,the VHF radio communication was basically restored,but the energy attenuation in the HF band was still high.After 30 min,theVHF radio communication returned to normal,but its influence on the HF and MF radio communication continued.
文摘土壤非线性电离效应是影响接地体散流能力的重要因素。为了研究冲击电流作用下土壤非线性电离对接地体泄流能力的影响规律,以单根水平接地体为研究对象,采用三维时域有限差分(3-D FDTD)数值分析方法,基于L-D(Liew and Darveniza)提出的土壤非线性电离效应模型;根据电磁场理论,建立了水平接地体仿真模型,然后从暂态冲击接地电阻、最大暂态地电位升(GPR)和电导率分布等接地体特性参数角度来研究水平接地体冲击散流的物理过程。研究表明:1雷电流在接地体及其周围土壤的散流是复杂的电磁暂态过程,接地体的散流极不均匀;2土壤非线性电离效应减小暂态冲击接地电阻,而且考虑了土壤非线性电离效应的最大暂态地电位升要远远低于未考虑土壤非线性电离的情况;3接地体端部附近土壤电离区域大于中部附近电离区域,具有明显的端部效应。
文摘Within the approximations of spherical lattice cell, central-field, and relativistic Fermi statis- tics, an algorithm with average atom model is presented to calculate the electronic energy levels and equation of state for hot and dense matter at arbitrary densities and temperatures. Choosing Zink's analytical potential as initial potential, we have solved the Dirac-Slater equation which satisfies the Weigner-Seitz boundary condition. The electronic energy bands are not taken into account. Tak- ing energy level degeneracy as a continuous function of density, we have considered the pressure ionization effects for highly dense matter. Results for ^(13)Al atom are shown.
