Three decades since the first wave of rural-urban migration, the new generation of migrant workers has become the main force of internal migration in China. The present paper comprehensively explores the profiles of t...Three decades since the first wave of rural-urban migration, the new generation of migrant workers has become the main force of internal migration in China. The present paper comprehensively explores the profiles of the new generation of migrant workers in urban China. We find that the ＂new generation＂ migrants are more educated and skilled, and are likely to work in manufacturing and service industries than in the construction industry. Moreover, they tend to allocate more time to non-farm activities and have more months away from home per year in urban areas. In contrast to their predecessors, they tend to migrate to urban areas with their spouses, consume more in urban areas and send less money back home. Our findings suggest that the differences in features between the new generation of rural migrants and urban residents have become smaller and the integration of rural migrants into urban China has taken place gradually.展开更多
本文利用中国健康与营养调查(China Health and Nutrition Survey)1997-2015年数据,采用倾向值匹配分析方法(P ropensity Score Matching)评估农村地区成年子女外出务工对留守家乡父母的健康造成的影响。研究发现相对于没有成年子女外...本文利用中国健康与营养调查(China Health and Nutrition Survey)1997-2015年数据,采用倾向值匹配分析方法(P ropensity Score Matching)评估农村地区成年子女外出务工对留守家乡父母的健康造成的影响。研究发现相对于没有成年子女外出务工的对照组,农村成年子女外出务工会使留守父母过去四周患病的概率显著增加2.7%,65岁及以上的留守父母IADL受损概率显著增加6.1%。这种负面影响也显著地体现在对留守父母心理健康的影响上。研究发现留守父母的生活满意程度显著低于非留守父母。在此基础上,文章进一步从性别差异角度进行分析,研究发现子女外出务工对留守父亲的身心健康产生的负面影响比母亲更大;和女儿相比,儿子外出务工对留守父母身心健康的负面影响更大。文章的研究结果表明,在我国实现“健康老龄化”的道路上,农村地区留守父母的健康状况令人担忧。因此,政府部门应出台支持家庭老年照料的政策,加强对农村地区社区和机构照料的投入,减少子女外出务工引发照料缺失给父母健康带来的负面影响。展开更多
As Climate Change Haven Communities are constructed across the Northern Hemisphere, it will be necessary to attract two types of migrants to populate them. The first group consists of professionals and companies in ec...As Climate Change Haven Communities are constructed across the Northern Hemisphere, it will be necessary to attract two types of migrants to populate them. The first group consists of professionals and companies in eco-sustainable businesses, such as law firms, insurance companies, investment firms, banking, technological innovation, mass media, medical research and pharmaceutical research. The second group will consist of persons engaged in organic/eco-sustainable agriculture whose crops and animal husbandry practices can be transferred successfully to Climate Change Haven regions. The present research focuses on the social and economic variables that must be taken into account to insure that each new Climate Change Haven Community becomes successfully integrated with the local population and forms a cohesive, harmonious social structure. Examples are given from the United States, France, Spain, Portugal and Italy.展开更多
Post-reform China has been experiencing two major demographic changes： an increasingly aging population and an extraordinary surge of rural-urban migrants. The question we ask is： are these two demographic changes r...Post-reform China has been experiencing two major demographic changes： an increasingly aging population and an extraordinary surge of rural-urban migrants. The question we ask is： are these two demographic changes related？ If yes, then, how？ The standard view in the migration literature is that the older the migrant, the lower the likelihood of migration. This paper proposes a simple theory of temporary migration for unskilled labor to fit the context of China Motivated by our model, we then use both cross-sectional micro data and panel macro data to examine the potential impacts of aging on migration. We find that shifts in China＇s age distribution have generated significant changes in the country＇s migration patterns： migration will shift to closer provinces （probably switching from interprovincial migration to intra-provincial migration） and will concentrate to a few destination provinces.展开更多
文摘Three decades since the first wave of rural-urban migration, the new generation of migrant workers has become the main force of internal migration in China. The present paper comprehensively explores the profiles of the new generation of migrant workers in urban China. We find that the ＂new generation＂ migrants are more educated and skilled, and are likely to work in manufacturing and service industries than in the construction industry. Moreover, they tend to allocate more time to non-farm activities and have more months away from home per year in urban areas. In contrast to their predecessors, they tend to migrate to urban areas with their spouses, consume more in urban areas and send less money back home. Our findings suggest that the differences in features between the new generation of rural migrants and urban residents have become smaller and the integration of rural migrants into urban China has taken place gradually.
文摘本文利用中国健康与营养调查(China Health and Nutrition Survey)1997-2015年数据,采用倾向值匹配分析方法(P ropensity Score Matching)评估农村地区成年子女外出务工对留守家乡父母的健康造成的影响。研究发现相对于没有成年子女外出务工的对照组,农村成年子女外出务工会使留守父母过去四周患病的概率显著增加2.7%,65岁及以上的留守父母IADL受损概率显著增加6.1%。这种负面影响也显著地体现在对留守父母心理健康的影响上。研究发现留守父母的生活满意程度显著低于非留守父母。在此基础上,文章进一步从性别差异角度进行分析,研究发现子女外出务工对留守父亲的身心健康产生的负面影响比母亲更大;和女儿相比,儿子外出务工对留守父母身心健康的负面影响更大。文章的研究结果表明,在我国实现“健康老龄化”的道路上,农村地区留守父母的健康状况令人担忧。因此,政府部门应出台支持家庭老年照料的政策,加强对农村地区社区和机构照料的投入,减少子女外出务工引发照料缺失给父母健康带来的负面影响。
文摘As Climate Change Haven Communities are constructed across the Northern Hemisphere, it will be necessary to attract two types of migrants to populate them. The first group consists of professionals and companies in eco-sustainable businesses, such as law firms, insurance companies, investment firms, banking, technological innovation, mass media, medical research and pharmaceutical research. The second group will consist of persons engaged in organic/eco-sustainable agriculture whose crops and animal husbandry practices can be transferred successfully to Climate Change Haven regions. The present research focuses on the social and economic variables that must be taken into account to insure that each new Climate Change Haven Community becomes successfully integrated with the local population and forms a cohesive, harmonious social structure. Examples are given from the United States, France, Spain, Portugal and Italy.
文摘Post-reform China has been experiencing two major demographic changes： an increasingly aging population and an extraordinary surge of rural-urban migrants. The question we ask is： are these two demographic changes related？ If yes, then, how？ The standard view in the migration literature is that the older the migrant, the lower the likelihood of migration. This paper proposes a simple theory of temporary migration for unskilled labor to fit the context of China Motivated by our model, we then use both cross-sectional micro data and panel macro data to examine the potential impacts of aging on migration. We find that shifts in China＇s age distribution have generated significant changes in the country＇s migration patterns： migration will shift to closer provinces （probably switching from interprovincial migration to intra-provincial migration） and will concentrate to a few destination provinces.
