珠江角有全国最软的软土,具有高含水率(30%~130%)、高压缩性(1.1~4.2)、低承载力(一般为35~60 k Pa)和深厚等特点,另外还有低渗透性、结构性、流变性、欠固结特性等特点。这些软土特性导致该地区进行基坑设计和施工难度大、造价高和工...珠江角有全国最软的软土,具有高含水率(30%~130%)、高压缩性(1.1~4.2)、低承载力(一般为35~60 k Pa)和深厚等特点,另外还有低渗透性、结构性、流变性、欠固结特性等特点。这些软土特性导致该地区进行基坑设计和施工难度大、造价高和工程事故常有发生的,尤其对于开挖在3~6 m范围内的浅基坑(一层地下室),由于开挖较浅容易被设计、施工和管理单位忽视,使得常发生失稳和局部滑移事故。针对深厚软土浅基坑的特殊性和工程实践中发现的问题,探讨了深厚软土浅基坑支护若干问题:1软土浅基坑常用支护形式及合理支护方案问题;2软土浅基坑失稳破坏模式分析;3软土浅基坑失稳破原因分析;4软土浅基坑被动区加固效果分析;5分析了具体失稳破坏浅基坑工程事故。以上若干问题的分析和探讨为设计浅基坑提供技术支撑,本文成果可为优化设计和施工提供了有益的参考,为类似工程提供借鉴。展开更多
As high-voltage direct current(HVDC)lines with large capacity are being commissioned with higher frequency,the characteristics of“strong”DC and“weak”AC transmission in the power grid are topics of interest.In part...As high-voltage direct current(HVDC)lines with large capacity are being commissioned with higher frequency,the characteristics of“strong”DC and“weak”AC transmission in the power grid are topics of interest.In particular,the coupling and interaction between the sending-side and receivingside AC systems interconnected by large-scale DC links is gaining importance.In this paper,the impact of the multiple HVDC commutation failure on the stability of the sending system under different power flow directions is analyzed based on the threearea AC/DC equivalent model.The main influencing factors and the counter-measures are discussed,and the single HVDC line blocking is taken as a comparison.Finally,the results are verified using the North China-Central China-East China power grid case system.The study provides a basis and reference to ensure security and stability of the ultra-high-voltage(UHV)AC/DC hybrid power grid.展开更多
Background Revision anterior cruciate ligament （ACL） surgery can be expected to become more common as the number of primary reconstruction keeps increasing. This study aims to investigate the factors causing instabi...Background Revision anterior cruciate ligament （ACL） surgery can be expected to become more common as the number of primary reconstruction keeps increasing. This study aims to investigate the factors causing instability after primary ACL reconstruction, which may provide an essential scientific base to prevent surgical failure. Methods One hundred and ten revision ACL surgeries were performed at our institute between November 2001 and July 2012. There were 74 men and 36 women, and the mean age at the time of revision was 27.6 years （range 16-56 years）. The factors leading to instability after primary ACL reconstruction were retrospectively reviewed. Results Fifty-one knees failed because of bone tunnel malposition, with too anterior femoral tunnels （20 knees）, posterior wall blowout （1 knee）, vertical femoral tunnels （7 knees）, too posterior tibial tunnels （12 knees）, and too anterior tibial tunnels （10 knees）. There was another knee performed with open surgery, where the femoral tunnel was drilled through the medial condyle and the tibial tunnel was too anterior. Five knees were found with malposition of the fixation. One knee with allograft was suspected of rejection and a second surgery had been made to take out the graft. Three knees met recurrent instability after postoperative infection. The other factors included traumatic （48 knees） and unidentified （12 knees）. Conclusion Technical errors were the main factors leading to instability after primary ACL reconstructions, while attention should also be paid to the risk factors of re-injury and failure of graft incorporation.展开更多
The stability of room mining coal pillars during their secondary mining for recovering coal was analyzed. An analysis was performed for the damage and instability mechanism of coal pillars recovered by the caving mini...The stability of room mining coal pillars during their secondary mining for recovering coal was analyzed. An analysis was performed for the damage and instability mechanism of coal pillars recovered by the caving mining method. During the damage progression of a single room coal pillar, the shape of the stress distribution in the pillar transformed from the initial stable saddle shape to the final arch-shaped distribution of critical instability. By combining the shapes of stress distribution in the coal pillars with the ultimate strength theory, the safe-stress value of coal pillar was obtained as 11.8 MPa. The mechanism of instability of coal pillar groups recovered by the caving mining method was explained by the domino effect. Since the room coal pillars mined and recovered by the traditional caving mining method were significantly influenced by the secondary mining during recovery, the coal pillars would go through a chain-type instability failure. Because of this limitation, the method of solid backfilling was proposed for mining and recovering room coal pillars, thus changing the transfer mechanism of stress caused by the secondary mining(recovery) of coal pillars. The mechanical model of the stope in the case of backfilling and recovering room coal pillars was built. The peak stress values inside coal pillars varied with the variance of backfilling ratio when the working face was advanced by 150 m. Furthermore, when the critical backfilling ratio was 80.6%, the instability failure of coal pillars would not occur during the solid backfill mining process. By taking Bandingliang Coal Mine as an example, the coal pillars' stability of stope under this backfilling ratio was studied, and a project scheme was designed.展开更多
文摘珠江角有全国最软的软土,具有高含水率(30%~130%)、高压缩性(1.1~4.2)、低承载力(一般为35~60 k Pa)和深厚等特点,另外还有低渗透性、结构性、流变性、欠固结特性等特点。这些软土特性导致该地区进行基坑设计和施工难度大、造价高和工程事故常有发生的,尤其对于开挖在3~6 m范围内的浅基坑(一层地下室),由于开挖较浅容易被设计、施工和管理单位忽视,使得常发生失稳和局部滑移事故。针对深厚软土浅基坑的特殊性和工程实践中发现的问题,探讨了深厚软土浅基坑支护若干问题:1软土浅基坑常用支护形式及合理支护方案问题;2软土浅基坑失稳破坏模式分析;3软土浅基坑失稳破原因分析;4软土浅基坑被动区加固效果分析;5分析了具体失稳破坏浅基坑工程事故。以上若干问题的分析和探讨为设计浅基坑提供技术支撑,本文成果可为优化设计和施工提供了有益的参考,为类似工程提供借鉴。
基金This work was supported by Technology Projects of State Grid Corporation of China(No.XT71-15-050).
文摘As high-voltage direct current(HVDC)lines with large capacity are being commissioned with higher frequency,the characteristics of“strong”DC and“weak”AC transmission in the power grid are topics of interest.In particular,the coupling and interaction between the sending-side and receivingside AC systems interconnected by large-scale DC links is gaining importance.In this paper,the impact of the multiple HVDC commutation failure on the stability of the sending system under different power flow directions is analyzed based on the threearea AC/DC equivalent model.The main influencing factors and the counter-measures are discussed,and the single HVDC line blocking is taken as a comparison.Finally,the results are verified using the North China-Central China-East China power grid case system.The study provides a basis and reference to ensure security and stability of the ultra-high-voltage(UHV)AC/DC hybrid power grid.
文摘Background Revision anterior cruciate ligament （ACL） surgery can be expected to become more common as the number of primary reconstruction keeps increasing. This study aims to investigate the factors causing instability after primary ACL reconstruction, which may provide an essential scientific base to prevent surgical failure. Methods One hundred and ten revision ACL surgeries were performed at our institute between November 2001 and July 2012. There were 74 men and 36 women, and the mean age at the time of revision was 27.6 years （range 16-56 years）. The factors leading to instability after primary ACL reconstruction were retrospectively reviewed. Results Fifty-one knees failed because of bone tunnel malposition, with too anterior femoral tunnels （20 knees）, posterior wall blowout （1 knee）, vertical femoral tunnels （7 knees）, too posterior tibial tunnels （12 knees）, and too anterior tibial tunnels （10 knees）. There was another knee performed with open surgery, where the femoral tunnel was drilled through the medial condyle and the tibial tunnel was too anterior. Five knees were found with malposition of the fixation. One knee with allograft was suspected of rejection and a second surgery had been made to take out the graft. Three knees met recurrent instability after postoperative infection. The other factors included traumatic （48 knees） and unidentified （12 knees）. Conclusion Technical errors were the main factors leading to instability after primary ACL reconstructions, while attention should also be paid to the risk factors of re-injury and failure of graft incorporation.
基金Project(2014ZDPY02)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘The stability of room mining coal pillars during their secondary mining for recovering coal was analyzed. An analysis was performed for the damage and instability mechanism of coal pillars recovered by the caving mining method. During the damage progression of a single room coal pillar, the shape of the stress distribution in the pillar transformed from the initial stable saddle shape to the final arch-shaped distribution of critical instability. By combining the shapes of stress distribution in the coal pillars with the ultimate strength theory, the safe-stress value of coal pillar was obtained as 11.8 MPa. The mechanism of instability of coal pillar groups recovered by the caving mining method was explained by the domino effect. Since the room coal pillars mined and recovered by the traditional caving mining method were significantly influenced by the secondary mining during recovery, the coal pillars would go through a chain-type instability failure. Because of this limitation, the method of solid backfilling was proposed for mining and recovering room coal pillars, thus changing the transfer mechanism of stress caused by the secondary mining(recovery) of coal pillars. The mechanical model of the stope in the case of backfilling and recovering room coal pillars was built. The peak stress values inside coal pillars varied with the variance of backfilling ratio when the working face was advanced by 150 m. Furthermore, when the critical backfilling ratio was 80.6%, the instability failure of coal pillars would not occur during the solid backfill mining process. By taking Bandingliang Coal Mine as an example, the coal pillars' stability of stope under this backfilling ratio was studied, and a project scheme was designed.
