Nano Research volume 13,pages2259–2267(2020)Cite this article 277 Accesses 1 Altmetric Metrics details Abstract The incorporation of inorganic fillers into poly(ethyleneoxide)(PEO)-based solid polymer electrolytes(SP...Nano Research volume 13,pages2259–2267(2020)Cite this article 277 Accesses 1 Altmetric Metrics details Abstract The incorporation of inorganic fillers into poly(ethyleneoxide)(PEO)-based solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)is well known as a low-cost and effective method to improve their mechanical and electrochemical properties.Porous zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(ZIF-8)is firstly used as the filler for PEO-based SPEs in this work.Due to the introduction of ZIF-8,an ionic conductivity of 2.2×10^−5 S/cm(30℃)is achieved for the composite SPE,which is one order of magnitude higher than that of the pure PEO.ZIF-8 also accounts for the broader electrochemical stability window and lithium ion transference number(0.36 at 60℃)of the composite SPE.Moreover,the improved mechanism of ZIF-8 to the composite SPE is investigated by zeta potential and Fourier transform infrared spectrograph characterizations.The stability at the composite SPE/lithium interface is greatly enhanced.The LiFePO4||Li cells using the composite SPE exhibit high capacity and excellent cycling performance at 60℃,i.e.,85%capacity retention with 111 mA·h/g capacity retained after 350 cycles at 0.5 C.In comparison,the cells using the pure PEO show fast capacity decay to 74 mA·h/g maintaining only 68 capacity.These results indicate that the PEO-based SPEs with ZIF-8 are of great promise for the application in solid-state lithium metal batteries.展开更多
Halide electrolytes in solid-state batteries with excellent oxidative stability and high ionic conductivity have been well reported recently.However,the high-cost rare-earth elements and long duration of highrotation ...Halide electrolytes in solid-state batteries with excellent oxidative stability and high ionic conductivity have been well reported recently.However,the high-cost rare-earth elements and long duration of highrotation milling procure are the major obstacles.Herein,we have successfully synthesized the low cost Li_(2.25)Zr_(0.75)Fe_(0.25)Cl_(6)electrolyte consisting of abundant elements with comparable Li-ion conductivity in a short milling duration of 4 h.Phase transition of the annealed sample was also carefully investigated.Li Ni_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_(2)/Li_(2.25)Zr_(0.75)Fe_(0.25)Cl_(6)/Li_(5.5)PS_(4.5)Cl_(1.5)/In-Li batteries using different halide electrolytes were constructed and cycled at different voltage windows.Solid-state battery using Li_(2.25)Zr_(0.75)Fe_(0.25)Cl_(6)electrolyte obtained from long milling duration delivers higher discharge capacities and superior capacity retention than shorter milling time between 3.0 and 4.3 V.It delivers much higher discharge capacity when cycled at elevated temperature(60℃)and suffers fast capacity degradation when the upper cut-off voltage increases to 4.5 V at the same current density.This work provides an efficiency synthesis strategy for halide solid electrolyte and studies its applications in all-solid-state batteries in a wide temperature range.展开更多
The recently introduced even-odd rule has been shown to successfully represent chemical structures of ions and molecules. While comparing available drawings in the scientific literature with the list of compounds pred...The recently introduced even-odd rule has been shown to successfully represent chemical structures of ions and molecules. While comparing available drawings in the scientific literature with the list of compounds predicted by the even-odd rule, it became however obvious that existing compounds are fewer than expected. Several predicted compounds involving many covalent bonds have apparently never been experimentally observed. Neutral oxygen for instance is expected to have 6 valence electrons, whereas oxygen can only build a maximum of two bonds, as in water. This specificity is observed for elements in the top-right corner of the periodic table. For compounds to contain only single covalent bonds, and thus follow the even-odd rule, further explanations are necessary. The present paper proposes that those specific elements experience a transfer of electrons from the valence shell into the inner shell, making them unavailable for further bonding. These elements will be described as organic, hereby providing a clear and hopefully unifying definition of the term. In opposition, inorganic elements have a constant inner shell no matter their electrical state or the number of bonds they maintain. More than 70 compounds involving 11 elements of the main group are studied, revealing a progression from fully inorganic elements at the left of the periodic table to fully organic elements. The transition between inorganic or organic elements is made of few elements that take an organic form when negatively charged;they are labelled semi-organic. The article concludes that the fully organic elements of the main group are Oxygen and Fluorine, whereas semi-organic elements are more numerous: C, N, S, Cl, Se, Br and I. Thus, the even-odd rule becomes fully compatible with scientific knowledge of compounds in liquid or gaseous phase.展开更多
Solid-state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs)have attracted considerable attention as one of the most promising energy storage systems owing to their high safety and energy density.Solid electrolytes,particularly polyme...Solid-state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs)have attracted considerable attention as one of the most promising energy storage systems owing to their high safety and energy density.Solid electrolytes,particularly polymer-based composite solid electrolytes(CSEs),are considered promising electrolyte candidates for SSLMBs.However,theirwide application is inhibited by various electrochemical issues,such as low ionic conductivity,the growth of lithium dendrites,and poor cycling stability,which are related to interface issues within SSLMBs.In this review,the parameters related to various interfaces in the CSE of SSLMBs,including the interfaces between the polymer matrix and inorganic fillers,between the CSEs and the cathode,and between the CSEs and the lithium metal anode,are examined.Relevant issues and corresponding remediation strategies are proposed.Finally,future perspectives based on interfacial engineering and the characterization of polymer/inorganic filler interactions are proposed for building high-performance CSEs for use in SSLMBs.展开更多
Inorganic glass is a non-crystalline material that lacks of a regular,periodic atomic or molecular structure,and are considered as frozen liquids because of the similarity between their static amorphous structures.The...Inorganic glass is a non-crystalline material that lacks of a regular,periodic atomic or molecular structure,and are considered as frozen liquids because of the similarity between their static amorphous structures.The atoms and molecules in the glass can gradually rearrange and realign with time,giving rise to deformation or aging in most glass materials.However,viscoelastic behavior could not be readily observable at room temperature(RT)due to its long time scale.The paper introduce and comment a recent work published in Nature Energy,which discover a new class of viscoelastic inorganic glass with Tg well below RT.The VIGLAS is simply synthesized through adding high content of oxygen into tetrachloroaluminates to replace chlorine.The VIGLAS exhibits characteristics similar to both inorganic ceramics and organic polymers,which are particularly relevant in the realm of battery electrolytes where a balance between ionic conductivity and chemo-mechanical compatibility is crucial.展开更多
Lithium metal batteries assembled with solid-state electrolyte can offer high safety and volumetric energy density compared to liquid electrolyte.The polymer solid-state electrolytes of poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)are wi...Lithium metal batteries assembled with solid-state electrolyte can offer high safety and volumetric energy density compared to liquid electrolyte.The polymer solid-state electrolytes of poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)are widely used in lithium metal solid-state batteries due to their unique properties.However,there are still some defects such as low ionic conductivity at room temperature and weak inhibition of lithium dendrite growth.Herein,the spiny inorganic nanofibers heterostructure with mullite whiskers grown on the surface of aluminum fluoride(AlF_(3))nanofibers are introduced into the PEOLi TFSI electrolytes for the first time to prepare composite solid-state electrolytes.The AlF_(3)as a strong Lewis acid can adsorb anions and promote the dissociation of Li salts.Besides,the specially threedimensional(3D)structure enlarges the effective contacting interface with the PEO polymer,which allows the lithium ions to be transported not only along the large aspect ratio of AlF3nanofibers,but also along the mullite phase in the transmembrane direction rapidly.Thereby,the transport channel of lithium ions at the spiny inorganic nanofibers-polymer interface is further improved.Benefiting from these advantages,the obtained composite solid-state electrolyte has a high ionic conductivity of 1.58×10^(-4)S cm^(-1)at 30℃and the lithium ions transfer number of 0.53.In addition,the AlF3has strong binding energy with anions,low electronic conductivity and wide electrochemical stability window,and reduced nucleation overpotential of lithium during cycling,which is positive for lithium dendrite suppression in solid-state electrolytes.Thus,the assembled symmetric Li/Li symmetric batteries exhibit stable cycling performance at different area capacities of 0.15,0.2,0.3 and 0.4 m A h cm^(-2).More importantly,the LiFePO_(4)(LFP)/Li battery still has 113.5 m A h g-1remaining after 400 cycles at 50℃and the Coulomb efficiency is nearly 100%during the long cycle.Overall,the interconnected structure of 3D spiny inorganic heterostructure n展开更多
All-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs),receiving extensive attentions and studies,exhibit better safety,environmental friendliness,stability,wider electrochemical stability window and higher energy density than tra...All-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs),receiving extensive attentions and studies,exhibit better safety,environmental friendliness,stability,wider electrochemical stability window and higher energy density than traditionally liquid lithium batteries.In a variety of inorganic materials,with highly replaceable,the non-lithium metal elements emerge in endlessly and affect performances in diversiform ways.Due to facile preparation,convertible structures and excellent properties,the lithium-containing bimetallic granular materials are often applied as important components of electrolytes in lithium batteries.In this review,in terms of the properties of substituted elements,changing crystal structures,increasing vacancies or defects and improving the interfacial conductions,the roles of metal element substitutions of inorganic particles on the improvement of solid-state electrolytes are expounded.And the applications of substituted strategies in ASSLBs as the host of inorganic particles electrolytes and as fillers or modifications for composite electrolytes are also investigated and discussed.It also summarizes the current concerns and obstacles that need to be broken through,as well as provides a basis guide for the selection and optimization of inorganic particles.展开更多
All-solid-state batteries potentially exhibit high specific energy and high safety,which is one of the development directions for nextgeneration lithium-ion batteries.The compatibility of all-solid composite electrode...All-solid-state batteries potentially exhibit high specific energy and high safety,which is one of the development directions for nextgeneration lithium-ion batteries.The compatibility of all-solid composite electrodes with high-nickel layered cathodes and inorganic solid electrolytes is one of the important problems to be solved.In addition,the interface and mechanical problems of high-nickel layered cathodes and inorganic solid electrolyte composite electrodes have not been thoroughly addressed.In this paper,the possible interface and mechanical problems in the preparation of high-nickel layered cathodes and inorganic solid electrolytes and their interface reaction during charge–discharge and cycling are reviewed.The mechanical contact problems from phenomena to internal causes are also analyzed.Uniform contact between the high-nickel cathode and solid electrolyte in space and the ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte are the prerequisites for the good performance of a high-nickel layered cathode.The interface reaction and contact loss between the high-nickel layered cathode and solid electrolyte in the composite electrode directly affect the passage of ions and electrons into the active material.The buffer layer constructed on the high-nickel cathode surface can prevent direct contact between the active material and electrolyte and slow down their interface reaction.An appropriate protective layer can also slow down the interface contact loss by reducing the volume change of the high-nickel layered cathode during charge and discharge.Finally,the following recommendations are put forward to realize the development vision of high-nickel layered cathodes:(1)develop electrochemical systems for high-nickel layered cathodes and inorganic solid electrolytes;(2)elucidate the basic science of interface and electrode processes between high-nickel layered cathodes and inorganic solid electrolytes,clarify the mechanisms of the interfacial chemical and electrochemical reactions between the two materials,and address展开更多
Knowledge of haze particles in background areas of North China is limited, although they have been studied well in urban settings. Atmospheric aerosol particles were collected at a background site in the North China P...Knowledge of haze particles in background areas of North China is limited, although they have been studied well in urban settings. Atmospheric aerosol particles were collected at a background site in the North China Plain during 16–31 January, 2011. Water soluble inorganic ions of PM2.5 and physicochemical characteristics of individual particles on hazy and clean days were measured by Ion Chromatography(IC) and Transmission Electron Microscopy(TEM), respectively. Average PM2.5 mass concentration was 50.4±29.9 μg m?3 with 62.5±26.8 μg m?3 on hazy days and 19.9±11.5 μg m?3 on clean days. SO42?, NO3?, and NH4+ with a combined mass concentration of 19.0±11.5 μg m?3 accounted for 69.8%–89.4% of the total water soluble inorganic ions. Size distributions of SO42? and NH4+ showed one unimodal peak at 0.56–1.8 μm on hazy days, whereas NO3? appeared as bimodal peaks at 0.56–1.8 and 5.6–10 μm, respectively. Individual particle analyses showed that the dominant aerosols were a mixture of sulfate, nitrate, and carbonaceous species, which together determine their mixing states. 48-h air mass back trajectories on hazy days suggested that air masses crossed the polluted continental areas(such as Jing-jin-ji region and Shandong province) and entrained ground air pollutants 11–19 hours before reaching the background area. During long-range transport particles undergo ageing and tend to be internally mixed mainly due to condensation in the background atmosphere. Our results suggest that hygroscopic and optical properties of these aerosol particles in the background area differ substantially from those in urban areas.展开更多
This review highlights the recent research progress on inorganic solid state energy materials in China,from synthesis and fundamental properties to their applications.It describes the significant contributions of Chin...This review highlights the recent research progress on inorganic solid state energy materials in China,from synthesis and fundamental properties to their applications.It describes the significant contributions of Chinese scholars in the field of inorganic solid state chemistry and energy materials including green catalysts,fuel cells,lithium batteries,solar cells,hydrogen storage materials,thermoelectric materials,luminescent materials and superconductors,and then outlines the ongoing rapid progress of novel inorganic solid state materials and the development of reliable and reproducible preparation methods for inorganic solid state materials in China.Finally,we conclude the paper by considering future developments of inorganic solid state chemistry and energy materials in China.展开更多
Solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)are widely considered the essential components for upcoming rechargeable lithium-ion batteries owing to the potential for great safety and energy density.Among them,polymer solid-state el...Solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)are widely considered the essential components for upcoming rechargeable lithium-ion batteries owing to the potential for great safety and energy density.Among them,polymer solid-state electrolytes(PSEs)are competitive candidates for replacing commercial liquid electrolytes due to their flexibility,shape versatility and easy machinability.Despite the rapid development of PSEs,their practical application still faces obstacles including poor ionic conductivity,narrow electrochemical stable window and inferior mechanical strength.Polymer/inorganic composite electrolytes(PIEs)formed by adding ceramic fillers in PSEs merge the benefits of PSEs and inorganic solid-state electrolytes(ISEs),exhibiting appreciable comprehensive properties due to the abundant interfaces with unique characteristics.Some PIEs are highly compatible with high-voltage cathode and lithium metal anode,which offer desirable access to obtaining lithium metal batteries with high energy density.This review elucidates the current issues and recent advances in PIEs.The performance of PIEs was remarkably influenced by the characteristics of the fillers including type,content,morphology,arrangement and surface groups.We focus on the molecular interaction between different components in the composite environment for designing high-performance PIEs.Finally,the obstacles and opportunities for creating high-performance PIEs are outlined.This review aims to provide some theoretical guidance and direction for the development of PIEs.展开更多
基金This work was financially supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(Nos.2020B090919001 and 2019B090908001)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2019A1515010595)+3 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2018M640778)International Cooperative Research Program of Shenzhen(No.GJHZ20180411143536149)Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Solid State Batteries(No.ZDSYS201802081843465)Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Materials for Electric Power(No.2018B030322001).
文摘Nano Research volume 13,pages2259–2267(2020)Cite this article 277 Accesses 1 Altmetric Metrics details Abstract The incorporation of inorganic fillers into poly(ethyleneoxide)(PEO)-based solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)is well known as a low-cost and effective method to improve their mechanical and electrochemical properties.Porous zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(ZIF-8)is firstly used as the filler for PEO-based SPEs in this work.Due to the introduction of ZIF-8,an ionic conductivity of 2.2×10^−5 S/cm(30℃)is achieved for the composite SPE,which is one order of magnitude higher than that of the pure PEO.ZIF-8 also accounts for the broader electrochemical stability window and lithium ion transference number(0.36 at 60℃)of the composite SPE.Moreover,the improved mechanism of ZIF-8 to the composite SPE is investigated by zeta potential and Fourier transform infrared spectrograph characterizations.The stability at the composite SPE/lithium interface is greatly enhanced.The LiFePO4||Li cells using the composite SPE exhibit high capacity and excellent cycling performance at 60℃,i.e.,85%capacity retention with 111 mA·h/g capacity retained after 350 cycles at 0.5 C.In comparison,the cells using the pure PEO show fast capacity decay to 74 mA·h/g maintaining only 68 capacity.These results indicate that the PEO-based SPEs with ZIF-8 are of great promise for the application in solid-state lithium metal batteries.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(Nos.2021YFB2500200,2021YFB2400300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52177214)the Certificate of China Post-doctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M652634)。
文摘Halide electrolytes in solid-state batteries with excellent oxidative stability and high ionic conductivity have been well reported recently.However,the high-cost rare-earth elements and long duration of highrotation milling procure are the major obstacles.Herein,we have successfully synthesized the low cost Li_(2.25)Zr_(0.75)Fe_(0.25)Cl_(6)electrolyte consisting of abundant elements with comparable Li-ion conductivity in a short milling duration of 4 h.Phase transition of the annealed sample was also carefully investigated.Li Ni_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_(2)/Li_(2.25)Zr_(0.75)Fe_(0.25)Cl_(6)/Li_(5.5)PS_(4.5)Cl_(1.5)/In-Li batteries using different halide electrolytes were constructed and cycled at different voltage windows.Solid-state battery using Li_(2.25)Zr_(0.75)Fe_(0.25)Cl_(6)electrolyte obtained from long milling duration delivers higher discharge capacities and superior capacity retention than shorter milling time between 3.0 and 4.3 V.It delivers much higher discharge capacity when cycled at elevated temperature(60℃)and suffers fast capacity degradation when the upper cut-off voltage increases to 4.5 V at the same current density.This work provides an efficiency synthesis strategy for halide solid electrolyte and studies its applications in all-solid-state batteries in a wide temperature range.
文摘The recently introduced even-odd rule has been shown to successfully represent chemical structures of ions and molecules. While comparing available drawings in the scientific literature with the list of compounds predicted by the even-odd rule, it became however obvious that existing compounds are fewer than expected. Several predicted compounds involving many covalent bonds have apparently never been experimentally observed. Neutral oxygen for instance is expected to have 6 valence electrons, whereas oxygen can only build a maximum of two bonds, as in water. This specificity is observed for elements in the top-right corner of the periodic table. For compounds to contain only single covalent bonds, and thus follow the even-odd rule, further explanations are necessary. The present paper proposes that those specific elements experience a transfer of electrons from the valence shell into the inner shell, making them unavailable for further bonding. These elements will be described as organic, hereby providing a clear and hopefully unifying definition of the term. In opposition, inorganic elements have a constant inner shell no matter their electrical state or the number of bonds they maintain. More than 70 compounds involving 11 elements of the main group are studied, revealing a progression from fully inorganic elements at the left of the periodic table to fully organic elements. The transition between inorganic or organic elements is made of few elements that take an organic form when negatively charged;they are labelled semi-organic. The article concludes that the fully organic elements of the main group are Oxygen and Fluorine, whereas semi-organic elements are more numerous: C, N, S, Cl, Se, Br and I. Thus, the even-odd rule becomes fully compatible with scientific knowledge of compounds in liquid or gaseous phase.
基金The Youth Beijing Scholars program,Grant/Award Number:PXM2021_014204_000023Beijing Natural Science Foundation,Grant/Award Numbers:KZ201910005002,KZ202010005007,2222001+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:21875007,21975006,U19A2018,22075007,52002007,22002004General Program of Science and Technology Development Project of Beijing Municipal Education Commission,Grant/Award Number:KM202110005009China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:2021M700297。
文摘Solid-state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs)have attracted considerable attention as one of the most promising energy storage systems owing to their high safety and energy density.Solid electrolytes,particularly polymer-based composite solid electrolytes(CSEs),are considered promising electrolyte candidates for SSLMBs.However,theirwide application is inhibited by various electrochemical issues,such as low ionic conductivity,the growth of lithium dendrites,and poor cycling stability,which are related to interface issues within SSLMBs.In this review,the parameters related to various interfaces in the CSE of SSLMBs,including the interfaces between the polymer matrix and inorganic fillers,between the CSEs and the cathode,and between the CSEs and the lithium metal anode,are examined.Relevant issues and corresponding remediation strategies are proposed.Finally,future perspectives based on interfacial engineering and the characterization of polymer/inorganic filler interactions are proposed for building high-performance CSEs for use in SSLMBs.
文摘Inorganic glass is a non-crystalline material that lacks of a regular,periodic atomic or molecular structure,and are considered as frozen liquids because of the similarity between their static amorphous structures.The atoms and molecules in the glass can gradually rearrange and realign with time,giving rise to deformation or aging in most glass materials.However,viscoelastic behavior could not be readily observable at room temperature(RT)due to its long time scale.The paper introduce and comment a recent work published in Nature Energy,which discover a new class of viscoelastic inorganic glass with Tg well below RT.The VIGLAS is simply synthesized through adding high content of oxygen into tetrachloroaluminates to replace chlorine.The VIGLAS exhibits characteristics similar to both inorganic ceramics and organic polymers,which are particularly relevant in the realm of battery electrolytes where a balance between ionic conductivity and chemo-mechanical compatibility is crucial.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51973157,61904123,52103061,52203066)the Science&Technology Development Fund of Tianjin Education Commission for Higher Education(2018KJ196)+3 种基金the project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021T140419)Tianjin Municipal College Student’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(202110058052)the National Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students(202110058017)the State Key Laboratory of Membrane and Membrane Separation,Tiangong University。
文摘Lithium metal batteries assembled with solid-state electrolyte can offer high safety and volumetric energy density compared to liquid electrolyte.The polymer solid-state electrolytes of poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)are widely used in lithium metal solid-state batteries due to their unique properties.However,there are still some defects such as low ionic conductivity at room temperature and weak inhibition of lithium dendrite growth.Herein,the spiny inorganic nanofibers heterostructure with mullite whiskers grown on the surface of aluminum fluoride(AlF_(3))nanofibers are introduced into the PEOLi TFSI electrolytes for the first time to prepare composite solid-state electrolytes.The AlF_(3)as a strong Lewis acid can adsorb anions and promote the dissociation of Li salts.Besides,the specially threedimensional(3D)structure enlarges the effective contacting interface with the PEO polymer,which allows the lithium ions to be transported not only along the large aspect ratio of AlF3nanofibers,but also along the mullite phase in the transmembrane direction rapidly.Thereby,the transport channel of lithium ions at the spiny inorganic nanofibers-polymer interface is further improved.Benefiting from these advantages,the obtained composite solid-state electrolyte has a high ionic conductivity of 1.58×10^(-4)S cm^(-1)at 30℃and the lithium ions transfer number of 0.53.In addition,the AlF3has strong binding energy with anions,low electronic conductivity and wide electrochemical stability window,and reduced nucleation overpotential of lithium during cycling,which is positive for lithium dendrite suppression in solid-state electrolytes.Thus,the assembled symmetric Li/Li symmetric batteries exhibit stable cycling performance at different area capacities of 0.15,0.2,0.3 and 0.4 m A h cm^(-2).More importantly,the LiFePO_(4)(LFP)/Li battery still has 113.5 m A h g-1remaining after 400 cycles at 50℃and the Coulomb efficiency is nearly 100%during the long cycle.Overall,the interconnected structure of 3D spiny inorganic heterostructure n
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.51973157)the Special Grade of the Financial Support from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(grant No.2020T130469)+3 种基金Tianjin Municipal University Students'Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project(grant No.201910058036)the Science and Technology Plans of Tianjin(grant No.19PTSYJCO0010)the Science&Technology Development Fund of Tianjin Education Commission for Higher Education(grantNo.2018KJ196)State Key Laboratory of Membrane and Membrane Separation,Tiangong University。
文摘All-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs),receiving extensive attentions and studies,exhibit better safety,environmental friendliness,stability,wider electrochemical stability window and higher energy density than traditionally liquid lithium batteries.In a variety of inorganic materials,with highly replaceable,the non-lithium metal elements emerge in endlessly and affect performances in diversiform ways.Due to facile preparation,convertible structures and excellent properties,the lithium-containing bimetallic granular materials are often applied as important components of electrolytes in lithium batteries.In this review,in terms of the properties of substituted elements,changing crystal structures,increasing vacancies or defects and improving the interfacial conductions,the roles of metal element substitutions of inorganic particles on the improvement of solid-state electrolytes are expounded.And the applications of substituted strategies in ASSLBs as the host of inorganic particles electrolytes and as fillers or modifications for composite electrolytes are also investigated and discussed.It also summarizes the current concerns and obstacles that need to be broken through,as well as provides a basis guide for the selection and optimization of inorganic particles.
文摘All-solid-state batteries potentially exhibit high specific energy and high safety,which is one of the development directions for nextgeneration lithium-ion batteries.The compatibility of all-solid composite electrodes with high-nickel layered cathodes and inorganic solid electrolytes is one of the important problems to be solved.In addition,the interface and mechanical problems of high-nickel layered cathodes and inorganic solid electrolyte composite electrodes have not been thoroughly addressed.In this paper,the possible interface and mechanical problems in the preparation of high-nickel layered cathodes and inorganic solid electrolytes and their interface reaction during charge–discharge and cycling are reviewed.The mechanical contact problems from phenomena to internal causes are also analyzed.Uniform contact between the high-nickel cathode and solid electrolyte in space and the ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte are the prerequisites for the good performance of a high-nickel layered cathode.The interface reaction and contact loss between the high-nickel layered cathode and solid electrolyte in the composite electrode directly affect the passage of ions and electrons into the active material.The buffer layer constructed on the high-nickel cathode surface can prevent direct contact between the active material and electrolyte and slow down their interface reaction.An appropriate protective layer can also slow down the interface contact loss by reducing the volume change of the high-nickel layered cathode during charge and discharge.Finally,the following recommendations are put forward to realize the development vision of high-nickel layered cathodes:(1)develop electrochemical systems for high-nickel layered cathodes and inorganic solid electrolytes;(2)elucidate the basic science of interface and electrode processes between high-nickel layered cathodes and inorganic solid electrolytes,clarify the mechanisms of the interfacial chemical and electrochemical reactions between the two materials,and address
基金supported by Distinguished Youth Foundation of Shandong Provin c e(Grant No.JQ20 1413)the Scientific Research Staring Foundation for the Institute of Arid Meteorology,China Meteorology Administration(Grant No.KYS2014SSKY05)+2 种基金the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2011CB403401)Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University(Grant No.2014QY001)State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry(Grant No.LAPC-KF-2014-03)
文摘Knowledge of haze particles in background areas of North China is limited, although they have been studied well in urban settings. Atmospheric aerosol particles were collected at a background site in the North China Plain during 16–31 January, 2011. Water soluble inorganic ions of PM2.5 and physicochemical characteristics of individual particles on hazy and clean days were measured by Ion Chromatography(IC) and Transmission Electron Microscopy(TEM), respectively. Average PM2.5 mass concentration was 50.4±29.9 μg m?3 with 62.5±26.8 μg m?3 on hazy days and 19.9±11.5 μg m?3 on clean days. SO42?, NO3?, and NH4+ with a combined mass concentration of 19.0±11.5 μg m?3 accounted for 69.8%–89.4% of the total water soluble inorganic ions. Size distributions of SO42? and NH4+ showed one unimodal peak at 0.56–1.8 μm on hazy days, whereas NO3? appeared as bimodal peaks at 0.56–1.8 and 5.6–10 μm, respectively. Individual particle analyses showed that the dominant aerosols were a mixture of sulfate, nitrate, and carbonaceous species, which together determine their mixing states. 48-h air mass back trajectories on hazy days suggested that air masses crossed the polluted continental areas(such as Jing-jin-ji region and Shandong province) and entrained ground air pollutants 11–19 hours before reaching the background area. During long-range transport particles undergo ageing and tend to be internally mixed mainly due to condensation in the background atmosphere. Our results suggest that hygroscopic and optical properties of these aerosol particles in the background area differ substantially from those in urban areas.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.51272235,51272237,50902123,50972130)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.LR12E02001)Qianjiang Talent Program of Zhejiang Province (Grant Nos. QJD1102007& QJD1002001)
文摘This review highlights the recent research progress on inorganic solid state energy materials in China,from synthesis and fundamental properties to their applications.It describes the significant contributions of Chinese scholars in the field of inorganic solid state chemistry and energy materials including green catalysts,fuel cells,lithium batteries,solar cells,hydrogen storage materials,thermoelectric materials,luminescent materials and superconductors,and then outlines the ongoing rapid progress of novel inorganic solid state materials and the development of reliable and reproducible preparation methods for inorganic solid state materials in China.Finally,we conclude the paper by considering future developments of inorganic solid state chemistry and energy materials in China.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22279070,U21A20170 and 22175106)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Nos.2019YFA0705703,2021YFB2501900 and 2019YFE0100200)+1 种基金the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program(20223080001)the Tsinghua-Foshan Innovation Special Fund(2021THFS0216)。
文摘Solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)are widely considered the essential components for upcoming rechargeable lithium-ion batteries owing to the potential for great safety and energy density.Among them,polymer solid-state electrolytes(PSEs)are competitive candidates for replacing commercial liquid electrolytes due to their flexibility,shape versatility and easy machinability.Despite the rapid development of PSEs,their practical application still faces obstacles including poor ionic conductivity,narrow electrochemical stable window and inferior mechanical strength.Polymer/inorganic composite electrolytes(PIEs)formed by adding ceramic fillers in PSEs merge the benefits of PSEs and inorganic solid-state electrolytes(ISEs),exhibiting appreciable comprehensive properties due to the abundant interfaces with unique characteristics.Some PIEs are highly compatible with high-voltage cathode and lithium metal anode,which offer desirable access to obtaining lithium metal batteries with high energy density.This review elucidates the current issues and recent advances in PIEs.The performance of PIEs was remarkably influenced by the characteristics of the fillers including type,content,morphology,arrangement and surface groups.We focus on the molecular interaction between different components in the composite environment for designing high-performance PIEs.Finally,the obstacles and opportunities for creating high-performance PIEs are outlined.This review aims to provide some theoretical guidance and direction for the development of PIEs.
