Drug-induced liver injury(DILI)is a type of bizarre adverse drug reaction(ADR)damaging liver(L-ADR)which may lead to substantial hospitalizations and mortality.Due to the general low incidence,detection of L-ADR remai...Drug-induced liver injury(DILI)is a type of bizarre adverse drug reaction(ADR)damaging liver(L-ADR)which may lead to substantial hospitalizations and mortality.Due to the general low incidence,detection of L-ADR remains an unsolved public health challenge.Therefore,we used the data of 6.673 million of ADR reports from January 1st,2012 to December 31st,2016 in China National ADR Monitoring System to establish a new database of L-ADR reports for future investigation.Results showed that totally 114,357 ADR reports were retrieved by keywords searching of liver-related injuries from the original heterogeneous system.By cleaning and standardizing the data fields by the dictionary of synonyms and English translation,we resulted 94,593 ADR records reported to liver injury and then created a new database ready for computer mining.The reporting status of L-ADR showed a persistent 1.62-fold change over the past five years.The national population-adjusted reporting numbers of L-ADR manifested an upward trend with age increasing and more evident in men.The annual reporting rate of L-ADR in age group over 80 years old strikingly exceeded the annual DILI incidence rate in general population,despite known underreporting situation in spontaneous ADR reporting system.The percentage of herbal and traditional medicines(H/TM)L-ADR reports in the whole number was 4.5%,while 80.60%of the H/TM reports were new findings.There was great geographical disparity of reported agents,i.e.more cardiovascular and antineoplastic agents were reported in higher socio-demographic index(SDI)regions and more antimicrobials,especially antitubercular agents,were reported in lower SDI regions.In conclusion,this study presented a large-scale,unbiased,unified,and computer-minable L-ADR database for further investigation.Age-,sex-and SDI-related risks of L-ADR incidence warrant to emphasize the precise pharmacovigilance policies within China or other regions in the world.展开更多
An analytical model is presented to study vertical dynamic response of the ballastless track on long-span plate-truss cable-stayed bridges based on an explicit dynamic analysis method.In the model,the train,ballastles...An analytical model is presented to study vertical dynamic response of the ballastless track on long-span plate-truss cable-stayed bridges based on an explicit dynamic analysis method.In the model,the train,ballastless track and bridge are treated as a coupled vibration system with interaction.By simulating the dynamic process of the system,this paper discusses the distribution law of dynamic responses of the bridge deck and the bed slab.It shows the necessity of a base plate for the ballastless track on the long-span plate-truss cable-stayed bridge.Comparison of the influence of different train speeds and stiffness of the elastic vibration-damping pad on the dynamic responses of the bridge deck and the bed slab is also made.The reasonable stiffness value of elastic vibration-damping pad is proposed.展开更多
While human induced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs)have promising applications in regenerative medicine,most of the hiPSC lines available today are not suitable for clinical applications due to contamination with nonhu...While human induced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs)have promising applications in regenerative medicine,most of the hiPSC lines available today are not suitable for clinical applications due to contamination with nonhuman materials,such as sialic acid,and potential pathogens from animal-product-containing cell culture systems.Although several xeno-free cell culture systems have been established recently,their use of human fibroblasts as feeders reduces the clinical potential of hiPSCs due to batch-to-batch variation in the feeders and time-consuming preparation processes.In this study,we have developed a xeno-free and feeder-cell-free human embryonic stem cell(hESC)/hiPSC culture system using human plasma and human placenta extracts.The system maintains the self-renewing capacity and pluripotency of hESCs for more than 40 passages.Human iPSCs were also derived from human dermal fibroblasts using this culture system by overexpressing three transcription factors—Oct4,Sox2 and Nanog.The culture system developed here is inexpensive and suitable for large scale production.展开更多
Rainwater runoff that does not infiltrate the soil during heavy rainfall may increase slope instability. The effect of runoff is usually neglected in conventional rainfall-induced slope failure analysis to simplify th...Rainwater runoff that does not infiltrate the soil during heavy rainfall may increase slope instability. The effect of runoff is usually neglected in conventional rainfall-induced slope failure analysis to simplify the model. To analyze the effect of runoff on slope stability, this study simultaneously simulated the effects of surface runoff and rainfall infiltration on bank slopes in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. A shallow slope failure method that can be used to analyze runoff was proposed based on the modified Green-Ampt model, the simplified Saint-Venant model, and the infinite slope model. In this model, the modified Green–Ampt model was used to estimate the rainfall infiltration capacity and the wetting front depth. The eight-flow(D8) method and the simplified Saint-Venant model were selected to estimate the distribution of runoff. By considering the wetting front depth as the slip surface depth, the factor of safety of the slope could be determined using the infinite slope stability model. A comparison of the different models reveals that runoff can escalate the instability of certain slopes, causing stable slopes to become unstable. Comparison of the unstable areas obtained from the simulation with the actual landslide sites shows that the model proposed in this study can successfully predict landslides at these sites. The slope instability assessment model proposed in this study offers an alternative approach for estimating high-risk areas in large mountainous regions.展开更多
The deleterious effects of long term right ventricular pacing are increasingly being recognized today.Current clinical practice favors the implantation of dual-chamber permanent pacemaker which maintains atrioventricu...The deleterious effects of long term right ventricular pacing are increasingly being recognized today.Current clinical practice favors the implantation of dual-chamber permanent pacemaker which maintains atrioventricular synchrony and is associated with better quality of life.However,despite the popular belief and common sense surrounding the superiority of dual-chamber pacing over single chamber pacing,the same has never been conclusively verified in clinical trials.Some observational evidence however,does exists which supports the improved cardiac hemodynamics,lower the rate of atrial fibrillation,heart failure and stroke in dual-chamber pacing compared to single-chamber pacing.In the index study by Haque et al,right ventricular pacing,particularly in ventricular paced,ven-tricular sensed,inhibited response and rate responsive pacemaker adversely im-pacted the left ventricular functions over 9-months compared to dual pacing,dual sensing,dual responsive and rate responsive pacemaker.Although there are key limitations of this study,these findings does support a growing body of evidence reinstating the superiority of dual chamber pacing compared to single chamber pacing.展开更多
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)microfluidic system,which enables rapid detection of chemical and biological analytes,offers an effective platform to monitor various food contaminants and disease diagnoses.Th...Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)microfluidic system,which enables rapid detection of chemical and biological analytes,offers an effective platform to monitor various food contaminants and disease diagnoses.The efficacy of SERS microfluidic systems is greatly dependent on the sensitivity and reusability of SERS detection substrates to ensure repeated use for prolonged periods.This study proposed a novel process of femtosecond laser nanoparticle array(NPA)implantation to achieve homogeneous forward transfer of gold NPA on a flexible polymer film and accurately integrated it within microfluidic chips for SERS detection.The implanted Au-NPA strips show a remarkable electromagnetic field enhancement with the factor of 9×108 during SERS detection of malachite green(MG)solution,achieving a detection limit lower than 10 ppt,far better than most laser-prepared SERS substrates.Furthermore,Au-NPA strips show excellent reusability after several physical and chemical cleaning,because of the robust embedment of laser-implanted NPA in flexible substrates.To demonstrate the performance of Au-NPA,a SERS microfluidic system is built to monitor the online oxidation reaction between MG/NaClO reactants,which helps infer the reaction path.The proposed method of nanoparticle implantation is more effective than the direct laser structuring technique.It provides better performance for SERS detection,robustness of detection,and substrate flexibility and has a wider range of applications for microfluidic systems without any negative impact.展开更多
Nanodrug carriers with fluorescence radiation are widely used in cancer diagnosis and therapy due to their real-time imaging,less side effect,better drug utilization as well as the good bioimaging ability.However,trad...Nanodrug carriers with fluorescence radiation are widely used in cancer diagnosis and therapy due to their real-time imaging,less side effect,better drug utilization as well as the good bioimaging ability.However,traditional nanocarriers still suffer from unexpectable drug leakage,unsatisfactory tumor-targeted drug delivery and shallow imaging depth,which limit their further application in cancer theranostics.In this study,an integrated nanoplatform is constructed by polymeric prodrug micelles with two-photon and aggregation-induced emission bioimaging,charge reversal and drug delivery triggered by acidic pH.The prodrug micelles can be self-assembled by the TPPEI(DA/DOX)-PEG prodrug polymer,which consists of the two-photon fluorophore(TP),dimethylmaleic anhydride(DA)grafted polyethyleneimine(PEI)and polyethylene glycol(PEG).The PEG segment,DOX and DA are bridged to polymer by acid cleavable bonds,which provides the micelles a‘stealth’property and a satisfactory stability during blood circulation,while the outside PEG segment is abandoned along with the DA protection in the tumor acidic microenvironment,thus leading to charge reversal-mediated accelerated endocytosis and tumor-targeted drug delivery.The great antitumor efficacy and reduced side effect of these pH-sensitive prodrug micelles are confirmed by antitumor assays in vitro and in vivo.Meanwhile,these micelles exhibited great deep-tissue two-photon bioimaging ability up to 150 lm in depth.The great antitumor efficacy,reduced side effect and deep two-photon tissue imaging make the TP-PEI(DA/DOX)-PEG prodrug micelles would be an efficient strategy for theranostic nanoplatform in cancer treatment.展开更多
Measuring the orbital angular momentum(OAM)of vortex beams,including the magnitude and the sign,has great application prospects due to its theoretically unbounded and orthogonal modes.Here,the sign-distinguishable OAM...Measuring the orbital angular momentum(OAM)of vortex beams,including the magnitude and the sign,has great application prospects due to its theoretically unbounded and orthogonal modes.Here,the sign-distinguishable OAM measurement in optomechanics is proposed,which is achieved by monitoring the shift of the transmission spectrum of the probe field in a double Laguerre-Gaussian(LG)rotational-cavity system.Compared with the traditional single LG rotational cavity,an asymmetric optomechanically induced transparency window can occur in our system.Meanwhile,the position of the resonance valley has a strong correlation with the magnitude and sign of OAM.This originally comes from the fact that the effective detuning of the cavity mode from the driving field can vary with the magnitude and sign of OAM,which causes the spectral shift to be directional for different signs of OAM.Our scheme solves the shortcoming of the inability to distinguish the sign of OAM in optomechanics,and works well for high-order vortex beams with topological charge value±45,which is a significant improvement for measuring OAM based on the cavity optomechanical system.展开更多
Stroke-induced immunosuppression is a process that leads to peripheral suppression of the immune system after a stroke and belongs to the central nervous system injury-induced immunosuppressive syndrome.Stroke-induced...Stroke-induced immunosuppression is a process that leads to peripheral suppression of the immune system after a stroke and belongs to the central nervous system injury-induced immunosuppressive syndrome.Stroke-induced immunosuppression leads to increased susceptibility to post-stroke infections,such as urinary tract infections and stroke-associated pneumonia,worsening prognosis.Molecular chaperones are a large class of proteins that are able to maintain proteostasis by directing the folding of nascent polypeptide chains,refolding misfolded proteins,and targeting misfolded proteins for degradation.Various molecular chaperones have been shown to play roles in stroke-induced immunosuppression by modulating the activity of other molecular chaperones,cochaperones,and their associated pathways.This review summarizes the role of molecular chaperones in stroke-induced immunosuppression and discusses new approaches to restore host immune defense after stroke.展开更多
This paper presents a Shared Control Architecture(SCA)between a human pilot and a smart inceptor for nonlinear Pilot Induced Oscillations(PIOs),e.g.,category II or III PIOs.One innovation of this paper is that an inte...This paper presents a Shared Control Architecture(SCA)between a human pilot and a smart inceptor for nonlinear Pilot Induced Oscillations(PIOs),e.g.,category II or III PIOs.One innovation of this paper is that an intelligent shared control architecture is developed based on the intelligent active inceptor technique,i.e.,Smart Adaptive Flight Effective Cue(SAFE-Cue).A deep reinforcement learning approach namely Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient(DDPG)method is chosen to design a gain adaptation mechanism for the SAFE-Cue module.By doing this,the gains of the SAFE-Cue will be intelligently tuned once nonlinear PIOs triggered;meanwhile,the human pilot will receive a force cue from the SAFE-Cue,and will consequently adapting his/her control policy.The second innovation of this paper is that the reward function of the DDPG based gain adaptation approach is constructed according to flying qualities.Under the premise of considering failure situation,task completion qualities and pilot workload are also taken into account.Finally,the proposed approach is validated using numerical simulation experiments with two types of scenarios:lower actuator rate limits and airframe damages.The Inceptor Peak Power-Phase(IPPP)metric is adopted to analyze the human-vehicle system simulation results.Results and analysis show that the DDPG based sharing control approach can well address nonlinear PIO problems consisting of Categories Ⅱ and Ⅲ PIO events.展开更多
There are many parameters influencing mining induced surface subsidence. These parameters usually interact with one another and some of them have the characteristic of fuzziness. Current approaches to predicting the s...There are many parameters influencing mining induced surface subsidence. These parameters usually interact with one another and some of them have the characteristic of fuzziness. Current approaches to predicting the subsidence cannot take into account of such interactions and fuzziness. In order to overcome this disadvantage, many mining induced surface subsidence cases were accumulated, and an artificial neuro fuzzy inference system(ANFIS) was used to set up 4 ANFIS models to predict the rise angle, dip angle, center angle and the maximum subsidence, respectively. The fitting and generalization prediction capabilities of the models were tested. The test results show that the models have very good fitting and generalization prediction capabilities and the approach can be applied to predict the mining induced surface subsidence.展开更多
With the development of aggregation-induced emission(AIE)materials,the draw-backs of conventionalfluorescence materials subjected to aggregation-caused quenching(ACQ)have been resolved.This has allowed for the improvem...With the development of aggregation-induced emission(AIE)materials,the draw-backs of conventionalfluorescence materials subjected to aggregation-caused quenching(ACQ)have been resolved.This has allowed for the improvement of novel AIEfluorescent materials that exhibit enhanced photostability,a higher signal-to-noise ratio,and better imaging quality.Meanwhile,the enhanced phototherapeutic effect of AIE materials has garnered widespread attention in the realm of tumor treatment.The distinct physiological and anatomical characteristics of the urinary system make it suitable for the use of AIE materials.Additionally,AIE-based pho-totherapy provides a superior solution to deal with the weaknesses of conventional treatments for urologic neoplasms.In this review,the scientific advancement on the use of AIE materials in urinary system diseases since the emergence of the AIE con-cept is reviewed in detail.The review highlights the promise of AIE materials for biomarkers detection,fluorescence imaging(FLI)in vivo and in vitro,AIE-based phototherapy,and synergistic therapy from both diagnostic and therapeutic view-points.It isfirmly believed that AIE materials hold immense untapped potential for the diagnosis and treatment of urologic disease,as well as all diseases of the human body.展开更多
For the activated dynamics of a Brownian particle moving in a confined system with the presence of entropic barriers, this paper investigates a periodic driving and correlations between two noises. Within the two-stat...For the activated dynamics of a Brownian particle moving in a confined system with the presence of entropic barriers, this paper investigates a periodic driving and correlations between two noises. Within the two-state approximation, the explicit expressions of the mean first passage time （MFPT） and the spectral power amplification （SPA） axe obtained, respectively. Based on the numerical computations, it is found that： （i） The MFPT as a function of the noise intensity exhibits a maximum with the positive correlations between two noises （λ〉0）, this maximum for MFPT shows the characteristic of the entropic noise induced stability （ENIS） effect. The intensity A of correlations between two noises can enhance the ENIS effect. （ii） The SPA as a function of the noise intensity exhibits a double-peak by tuning the noise correlation intensity λ, i.e., the existence of a double-peak behaviour is the identifying characteristic of the double entropic stochastic resonance phenomenon.展开更多
Let G be a second countable locally compact groupoid with Haar system {λu}, H be a closed subgroupoid containing Go with Haar system {λuH}. T.Masuda introduced the C*-Groupoid dynamic system (G, A, α) and its reduc...Let G be a second countable locally compact groupoid with Haar system {λu}, H be a closed subgroupoid containing Go with Haar system {λuH}. T.Masuda introduced the C*-Groupoid dynamic system (G, A, α) and its reduced crossed product Cr.d(G, A) in [2], where A is a C*-algebra, α is the homomorphism G→Aut(A). In this paper the author introduces the C*-groupoid dynamic systems (H, A, α|H) and (H\G2, A, α) induced by (G, A, α) and proves that C~*red(H, A) and C~*red(H\G2, A) are strongly Morita equivalent. Moreover the induced representation from C~*red(H, A) to C~*red(G, A) is got.展开更多
Ciprofloxacin（CIP）, moxifoxacin（MOX） and enrofloxacin（ENR） were selected as typical fluoroquinolones（FQs） to analyze the excitation-enhancing effect and mechanism of solvents on FQs＇ electron transition based...Ciprofloxacin（CIP）, moxifoxacin（MOX） and enrofloxacin（ENR） were selected as typical fluoroquinolones（FQs） to analyze the excitation-enhancing effect and mechanism of solvents on FQs＇ electron transition based on quantum chemical calculations. The UV spectra of three FQs in gas and five different solvents（water, cyclohexane, dimethylsulfoxide, methanol, acetone） were calculated using Gaussian 09 software. The transition mechanisms of FQs＇ main electron transitions were analyzed by natural bond orbital（NBO） theory, and the solvent effect on each electron transition was assessed qualitatively and quantitatively by sensitivity analysis and an established index system. The excitation enhancing mechanism of solvent on electron transitions of FQs was analyzed from the view of photo-induced reactions between solvent and FQs molecules. The results show that there are two main transitions located in the spectrum ranges of 300~380 and 240~300 nm for each FQ in any medium, which are assigned as n →π＊ and π→π＊ electron transitions, respectively. By comparison, the n →π＊ transition is more sensitive to solvent because of the energy transfer between solvent molecules and FQs, but the solvent effect on the π→π＊ transition is stronger than on the n →π＊ transition. The sequence of affected extent of solvent effect on electron transition was CIP 〉 MOX 〉 ENR, and the sequence of solvent effect was water 〉 DMSO 〉 methanol 〉 acetone 〉 cyclohexane（stronger solvent effect with increasing the dielectric constant of solvent）. From the view of photo-induced reactions, the reaction between FQs＊T1 and solvent＊T1 has the decisive regulatory effect on the n →π＊ transition of FQs in solvent, and the reaction between FQsS0 and solvent＊TI has an enhancing effect on the π→π＊ transition.展开更多
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers Nos.82074112,81630100 and 81721002)the National Science and Technology Directorate Major Project(2015ZX09501-004-001-008,China)+3 种基金the National Industry Program of China(201507004-04)the Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(ZYYCXTD-C-202005,China)the Beijing Talent Youth Program(JQ21026,China)the Project of China PLA General Hospital(2019-JQPY-003 and 2019MBD-023).
文摘Drug-induced liver injury(DILI)is a type of bizarre adverse drug reaction(ADR)damaging liver(L-ADR)which may lead to substantial hospitalizations and mortality.Due to the general low incidence,detection of L-ADR remains an unsolved public health challenge.Therefore,we used the data of 6.673 million of ADR reports from January 1st,2012 to December 31st,2016 in China National ADR Monitoring System to establish a new database of L-ADR reports for future investigation.Results showed that totally 114,357 ADR reports were retrieved by keywords searching of liver-related injuries from the original heterogeneous system.By cleaning and standardizing the data fields by the dictionary of synonyms and English translation,we resulted 94,593 ADR records reported to liver injury and then created a new database ready for computer mining.The reporting status of L-ADR showed a persistent 1.62-fold change over the past five years.The national population-adjusted reporting numbers of L-ADR manifested an upward trend with age increasing and more evident in men.The annual reporting rate of L-ADR in age group over 80 years old strikingly exceeded the annual DILI incidence rate in general population,despite known underreporting situation in spontaneous ADR reporting system.The percentage of herbal and traditional medicines(H/TM)L-ADR reports in the whole number was 4.5%,while 80.60%of the H/TM reports were new findings.There was great geographical disparity of reported agents,i.e.more cardiovascular and antineoplastic agents were reported in higher socio-demographic index(SDI)regions and more antimicrobials,especially antitubercular agents,were reported in lower SDI regions.In conclusion,this study presented a large-scale,unbiased,unified,and computer-minable L-ADR database for further investigation.Age-,sex-and SDI-related risks of L-ADR incidence warrant to emphasize the precise pharmacovigilance policies within China or other regions in the world.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.NNSF-U1334201)the National Basic Research Program of China("973"Project)(Grant No.2013CB036206)the Sichuan Province Youth Science and Technology Innovation Team(Grant No.2015TD0004)
文摘An analytical model is presented to study vertical dynamic response of the ballastless track on long-span plate-truss cable-stayed bridges based on an explicit dynamic analysis method.In the model,the train,ballastless track and bridge are treated as a coupled vibration system with interaction.By simulating the dynamic process of the system,this paper discusses the distribution law of dynamic responses of the bridge deck and the bed slab.It shows the necessity of a base plate for the ballastless track on the long-span plate-truss cable-stayed bridge.Comparison of the influence of different train speeds and stiffness of the elastic vibration-damping pad on the dynamic responses of the bridge deck and the bed slab is also made.The reasonable stiffness value of elastic vibration-damping pad is proposed.
基金by the National High Technology Research and Development Program(863 ProgramGrant No.2006AA02A106)+3 种基金the National Basic Research Program(973 ProgramGrant Nos.2006CB943901,2010CB945024,and 2011CB965002)the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KSCX2-YW-R-50)the National Foundation of Science and Technology(No.30640005).
文摘While human induced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs)have promising applications in regenerative medicine,most of the hiPSC lines available today are not suitable for clinical applications due to contamination with nonhuman materials,such as sialic acid,and potential pathogens from animal-product-containing cell culture systems.Although several xeno-free cell culture systems have been established recently,their use of human fibroblasts as feeders reduces the clinical potential of hiPSCs due to batch-to-batch variation in the feeders and time-consuming preparation processes.In this study,we have developed a xeno-free and feeder-cell-free human embryonic stem cell(hESC)/hiPSC culture system using human plasma and human placenta extracts.The system maintains the self-renewing capacity and pluripotency of hESCs for more than 40 passages.Human iPSCs were also derived from human dermal fibroblasts using this culture system by overexpressing three transcription factors—Oct4,Sox2 and Nanog.The culture system developed here is inexpensive and suitable for large scale production.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U2240221)the Sichuan Youth Science and Technology Innovation Research Team Project (2020JDTD0006)。
文摘Rainwater runoff that does not infiltrate the soil during heavy rainfall may increase slope instability. The effect of runoff is usually neglected in conventional rainfall-induced slope failure analysis to simplify the model. To analyze the effect of runoff on slope stability, this study simultaneously simulated the effects of surface runoff and rainfall infiltration on bank slopes in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. A shallow slope failure method that can be used to analyze runoff was proposed based on the modified Green-Ampt model, the simplified Saint-Venant model, and the infinite slope model. In this model, the modified Green–Ampt model was used to estimate the rainfall infiltration capacity and the wetting front depth. The eight-flow(D8) method and the simplified Saint-Venant model were selected to estimate the distribution of runoff. By considering the wetting front depth as the slip surface depth, the factor of safety of the slope could be determined using the infinite slope stability model. A comparison of the different models reveals that runoff can escalate the instability of certain slopes, causing stable slopes to become unstable. Comparison of the unstable areas obtained from the simulation with the actual landslide sites shows that the model proposed in this study can successfully predict landslides at these sites. The slope instability assessment model proposed in this study offers an alternative approach for estimating high-risk areas in large mountainous regions.
文摘The deleterious effects of long term right ventricular pacing are increasingly being recognized today.Current clinical practice favors the implantation of dual-chamber permanent pacemaker which maintains atrioventricular synchrony and is associated with better quality of life.However,despite the popular belief and common sense surrounding the superiority of dual-chamber pacing over single chamber pacing,the same has never been conclusively verified in clinical trials.Some observational evidence however,does exists which supports the improved cardiac hemodynamics,lower the rate of atrial fibrillation,heart failure and stroke in dual-chamber pacing compared to single-chamber pacing.In the index study by Haque et al,right ventricular pacing,particularly in ventricular paced,ven-tricular sensed,inhibited response and rate responsive pacemaker adversely im-pacted the left ventricular functions over 9-months compared to dual pacing,dual sensing,dual responsive and rate responsive pacemaker.Although there are key limitations of this study,these findings does support a growing body of evidence reinstating the superiority of dual chamber pacing compared to single chamber pacing.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Numbers:U21A20135 and 52205488)‘Shuguang Program’supported by Shanghai Education Development Foundation and Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(Grant Number:20SG12)Shanghai Jiao Tong University(Grant Number:2020QY11).
文摘Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)microfluidic system,which enables rapid detection of chemical and biological analytes,offers an effective platform to monitor various food contaminants and disease diagnoses.The efficacy of SERS microfluidic systems is greatly dependent on the sensitivity and reusability of SERS detection substrates to ensure repeated use for prolonged periods.This study proposed a novel process of femtosecond laser nanoparticle array(NPA)implantation to achieve homogeneous forward transfer of gold NPA on a flexible polymer film and accurately integrated it within microfluidic chips for SERS detection.The implanted Au-NPA strips show a remarkable electromagnetic field enhancement with the factor of 9×108 during SERS detection of malachite green(MG)solution,achieving a detection limit lower than 10 ppt,far better than most laser-prepared SERS substrates.Furthermore,Au-NPA strips show excellent reusability after several physical and chemical cleaning,because of the robust embedment of laser-implanted NPA in flexible substrates.To demonstrate the performance of Au-NPA,a SERS microfluidic system is built to monitor the online oxidation reaction between MG/NaClO reactants,which helps infer the reaction path.The proposed method of nanoparticle implantation is more effective than the direct laser structuring technique.It provides better performance for SERS detection,robustness of detection,and substrate flexibility and has a wider range of applications for microfluidic systems without any negative impact.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Projects No.21502129)the National 111 Project of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(No.B16033)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project(Nos.2017M612956,2018T110969)the State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering(No.sklpme2018-3-05)。
文摘Nanodrug carriers with fluorescence radiation are widely used in cancer diagnosis and therapy due to their real-time imaging,less side effect,better drug utilization as well as the good bioimaging ability.However,traditional nanocarriers still suffer from unexpectable drug leakage,unsatisfactory tumor-targeted drug delivery and shallow imaging depth,which limit their further application in cancer theranostics.In this study,an integrated nanoplatform is constructed by polymeric prodrug micelles with two-photon and aggregation-induced emission bioimaging,charge reversal and drug delivery triggered by acidic pH.The prodrug micelles can be self-assembled by the TPPEI(DA/DOX)-PEG prodrug polymer,which consists of the two-photon fluorophore(TP),dimethylmaleic anhydride(DA)grafted polyethyleneimine(PEI)and polyethylene glycol(PEG).The PEG segment,DOX and DA are bridged to polymer by acid cleavable bonds,which provides the micelles a‘stealth’property and a satisfactory stability during blood circulation,while the outside PEG segment is abandoned along with the DA protection in the tumor acidic microenvironment,thus leading to charge reversal-mediated accelerated endocytosis and tumor-targeted drug delivery.The great antitumor efficacy and reduced side effect of these pH-sensitive prodrug micelles are confirmed by antitumor assays in vitro and in vivo.Meanwhile,these micelles exhibited great deep-tissue two-photon bioimaging ability up to 150 lm in depth.The great antitumor efficacy,reduced side effect and deep two-photon tissue imaging make the TP-PEI(DA/DOX)-PEG prodrug micelles would be an efficient strategy for theranostic nanoplatform in cancer treatment.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2017YFA0304202 and 2017YFA0205700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant Nos.11875231 and 11935012)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities through Grant No.2018FZA3005.
文摘Measuring the orbital angular momentum(OAM)of vortex beams,including the magnitude and the sign,has great application prospects due to its theoretically unbounded and orthogonal modes.Here,the sign-distinguishable OAM measurement in optomechanics is proposed,which is achieved by monitoring the shift of the transmission spectrum of the probe field in a double Laguerre-Gaussian(LG)rotational-cavity system.Compared with the traditional single LG rotational cavity,an asymmetric optomechanically induced transparency window can occur in our system.Meanwhile,the position of the resonance valley has a strong correlation with the magnitude and sign of OAM.This originally comes from the fact that the effective detuning of the cavity mode from the driving field can vary with the magnitude and sign of OAM,which causes the spectral shift to be directional for different signs of OAM.Our scheme solves the shortcoming of the inability to distinguish the sign of OAM in optomechanics,and works well for high-order vortex beams with topological charge value±45,which is a significant improvement for measuring OAM based on the cavity optomechanical system.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82172147(to YL),81571880(to YL),81373147(to YL),30901555(to JZ),30972870(to YL)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,Nos.2021JJ30900,2016JJ2157(both to YL)。
文摘Stroke-induced immunosuppression is a process that leads to peripheral suppression of the immune system after a stroke and belongs to the central nervous system injury-induced immunosuppressive syndrome.Stroke-induced immunosuppression leads to increased susceptibility to post-stroke infections,such as urinary tract infections and stroke-associated pneumonia,worsening prognosis.Molecular chaperones are a large class of proteins that are able to maintain proteostasis by directing the folding of nascent polypeptide chains,refolding misfolded proteins,and targeting misfolded proteins for degradation.Various molecular chaperones have been shown to play roles in stroke-induced immunosuppression by modulating the activity of other molecular chaperones,cochaperones,and their associated pathways.This review summarizes the role of molecular chaperones in stroke-induced immunosuppression and discusses new approaches to restore host immune defense after stroke.
基金co-supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.YWF-23-SDHK-L-005)the 1912 Project,China and the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.20220048051001).
文摘This paper presents a Shared Control Architecture(SCA)between a human pilot and a smart inceptor for nonlinear Pilot Induced Oscillations(PIOs),e.g.,category II or III PIOs.One innovation of this paper is that an intelligent shared control architecture is developed based on the intelligent active inceptor technique,i.e.,Smart Adaptive Flight Effective Cue(SAFE-Cue).A deep reinforcement learning approach namely Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient(DDPG)method is chosen to design a gain adaptation mechanism for the SAFE-Cue module.By doing this,the gains of the SAFE-Cue will be intelligently tuned once nonlinear PIOs triggered;meanwhile,the human pilot will receive a force cue from the SAFE-Cue,and will consequently adapting his/her control policy.The second innovation of this paper is that the reward function of the DDPG based gain adaptation approach is constructed according to flying qualities.Under the premise of considering failure situation,task completion qualities and pilot workload are also taken into account.Finally,the proposed approach is validated using numerical simulation experiments with two types of scenarios:lower actuator rate limits and airframe damages.The Inceptor Peak Power-Phase(IPPP)metric is adopted to analyze the human-vehicle system simulation results.Results and analysis show that the DDPG based sharing control approach can well address nonlinear PIO problems consisting of Categories Ⅱ and Ⅲ PIO events.
基金Project(50274043) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China project (01JJY1004) supported bythe Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province project (01A015) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan ProvincialEducation Committee
文摘There are many parameters influencing mining induced surface subsidence. These parameters usually interact with one another and some of them have the characteristic of fuzziness. Current approaches to predicting the subsidence cannot take into account of such interactions and fuzziness. In order to overcome this disadvantage, many mining induced surface subsidence cases were accumulated, and an artificial neuro fuzzy inference system(ANFIS) was used to set up 4 ANFIS models to predict the rise angle, dip angle, center angle and the maximum subsidence, respectively. The fitting and generalization prediction capabilities of the models were tested. The test results show that the models have very good fitting and generalization prediction capabilities and the approach can be applied to predict the mining induced surface subsidence.
基金Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program,Grant/Award Numbers:BE2020655,BE2020654General Program of Jiangsu Health Commission,Grant/Award Number:H2019040Gusu Health Personnel Training Project of Suzhou City,Grant/Award Number:GSWS2019033。
文摘With the development of aggregation-induced emission(AIE)materials,the draw-backs of conventionalfluorescence materials subjected to aggregation-caused quenching(ACQ)have been resolved.This has allowed for the improvement of novel AIEfluorescent materials that exhibit enhanced photostability,a higher signal-to-noise ratio,and better imaging quality.Meanwhile,the enhanced phototherapeutic effect of AIE materials has garnered widespread attention in the realm of tumor treatment.The distinct physiological and anatomical characteristics of the urinary system make it suitable for the use of AIE materials.Additionally,AIE-based pho-totherapy provides a superior solution to deal with the weaknesses of conventional treatments for urologic neoplasms.In this review,the scientific advancement on the use of AIE materials in urinary system diseases since the emergence of the AIE con-cept is reviewed in detail.The review highlights the promise of AIE materials for biomarkers detection,fluorescence imaging(FLI)in vivo and in vitro,AIE-based phototherapy,and synergistic therapy from both diagnostic and therapeutic view-points.It isfirmly believed that AIE materials hold immense untapped potential for the diagnosis and treatment of urologic disease,as well as all diseases of the human body.
基金Project supported by Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province of China (Grant No. 2010CD031)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50906035,90610035,51066002,and U0937604)
文摘For the activated dynamics of a Brownian particle moving in a confined system with the presence of entropic barriers, this paper investigates a periodic driving and correlations between two noises. Within the two-state approximation, the explicit expressions of the mean first passage time （MFPT） and the spectral power amplification （SPA） axe obtained, respectively. Based on the numerical computations, it is found that： （i） The MFPT as a function of the noise intensity exhibits a maximum with the positive correlations between two noises （λ〉0）, this maximum for MFPT shows the characteristic of the entropic noise induced stability （ENIS） effect. The intensity A of correlations between two noises can enhance the ENIS effect. （ii） The SPA as a function of the noise intensity exhibits a double-peak by tuning the noise correlation intensity λ, i.e., the existence of a double-peak behaviour is the identifying characteristic of the double entropic stochastic resonance phenomenon.
文摘Let G be a second countable locally compact groupoid with Haar system {λu}, H be a closed subgroupoid containing Go with Haar system {λuH}. T.Masuda introduced the C*-Groupoid dynamic system (G, A, α) and its reduced crossed product Cr.d(G, A) in [2], where A is a C*-algebra, α is the homomorphism G→Aut(A). In this paper the author introduces the C*-groupoid dynamic systems (H, A, α|H) and (H\G2, A, α) induced by (G, A, α) and proves that C~*red(H, A) and C~*red(H\G2, A) are strongly Morita equivalent. Moreover the induced representation from C~*red(H, A) to C~*red(G, A) is got.
文摘Ciprofloxacin（CIP）, moxifoxacin（MOX） and enrofloxacin（ENR） were selected as typical fluoroquinolones（FQs） to analyze the excitation-enhancing effect and mechanism of solvents on FQs＇ electron transition based on quantum chemical calculations. The UV spectra of three FQs in gas and five different solvents（water, cyclohexane, dimethylsulfoxide, methanol, acetone） were calculated using Gaussian 09 software. The transition mechanisms of FQs＇ main electron transitions were analyzed by natural bond orbital（NBO） theory, and the solvent effect on each electron transition was assessed qualitatively and quantitatively by sensitivity analysis and an established index system. The excitation enhancing mechanism of solvent on electron transitions of FQs was analyzed from the view of photo-induced reactions between solvent and FQs molecules. The results show that there are two main transitions located in the spectrum ranges of 300~380 and 240~300 nm for each FQ in any medium, which are assigned as n →π＊ and π→π＊ electron transitions, respectively. By comparison, the n →π＊ transition is more sensitive to solvent because of the energy transfer between solvent molecules and FQs, but the solvent effect on the π→π＊ transition is stronger than on the n →π＊ transition. The sequence of affected extent of solvent effect on electron transition was CIP 〉 MOX 〉 ENR, and the sequence of solvent effect was water 〉 DMSO 〉 methanol 〉 acetone 〉 cyclohexane（stronger solvent effect with increasing the dielectric constant of solvent）. From the view of photo-induced reactions, the reaction between FQs＊T1 and solvent＊T1 has the decisive regulatory effect on the n →π＊ transition of FQs in solvent, and the reaction between FQsS0 and solvent＊TI has an enhancing effect on the π→π＊ transition.
