通过3个水平野外氮添加控制试验(0、40、120 kg N·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)),研究氮添加对亚热带湿地松林土壤水解酶和氧化酶活性的影响.结果表明:氮添加显著抑制了土壤有机质中碳、氮、磷水解酶和氧化酶的活性,导致β-1,4-葡糖苷酶(BG...通过3个水平野外氮添加控制试验(0、40、120 kg N·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)),研究氮添加对亚热带湿地松林土壤水解酶和氧化酶活性的影响.结果表明:氮添加显著抑制了土壤有机质中碳、氮、磷水解酶和氧化酶的活性,导致β-1,4-葡糖苷酶(BG)、纤维素二糖水解酶(CBH)、β-1,4-乙酰基-葡糖胺糖苷酶(NAG)、过氧化物酶(PER)活性下降16.5%~51.1%,并且高水平氮添加对酶活性抑制效果更明显;氮添加导致α-1,4-葡糖苷酶(aG)、β-1,4-木糖苷酶(BX)、酸性磷酸酶(AP)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性降低14.5%~38.6%,不同水平氮添加处理间差异不显著.土壤酶活性存在明显的季节性差异,BG、NAG、BX、CBH、AP、PPO活性表现为3月>6月>10月,aG、PER活性表现为10月>3月>6月.多数土壤水解酶和氧化酶与pH呈显著正相关,与NO_3^--N含量呈显著负相关,表明氮添加导致p H降低和土壤中硝化作用增强,抑制了土壤水解酶和氧化酶活性.氮添加不利于亚热带土壤有机质的矿化和周转,并且随着氮添加量的增加,效果更明显.展开更多
Phosphodiester bonds are the backbone linkages of all the nucleic acids which store and transfer biological information.The hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds is of great importance to the replication,recombination,an...Phosphodiester bonds are the backbone linkages of all the nucleic acids which store and transfer biological information.The hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds is of great importance to the replication,recombination,and damage repair of DNA as well as the maturation and processing of RNA.However,the spontaneous scission of individual phosphodiester linkages is kinetically challenging under physiological conditions,with an estimated half-life of 30 million years.Here,we discover a defect-engineered Zr-metal-organic framework(Zr-MOF)nanozyme containing cluster-missing reo defects,named UiO-66 REO,that possesses intrinsic phosphodiesterase-like activity that allows for the cleavage of the phosphodiester bond in physiological condition(pH=7.4 and 37℃),outperforming the activityrecording Zr-MOFs.The atomic-level structure of the UiO-66 REO nanozyme has been directly identified by the synchrotron radiation absorption spectrum and integrated differential phase contrast-scanning transmission electron microscopy.We find that both the defective boundary regions and unusual Zr6-clusters formed in the reo phase of the UiO-66 REO nanozyme contribute to the improvement in efficiency of phosphodiesterase-like hydrolysis,which realizes the cleavage of DNA in mild conditions.This work offers a new insight into biomimetic enzymology using crystal and defect engineering and opens up new possibilities for the development of low-cost,structurally stable and sustainable phosphodiesterase nanozymes for different biological applications.展开更多
Transition metal phosphides(TMPs)are essential catalysts for some general catalytic reactions.However,their potentials for biological catalysis have seldom been explored.Herein,we investigated the enzyme-like properti...Transition metal phosphides(TMPs)are essential catalysts for some general catalytic reactions.However,their potentials for biological catalysis have seldom been explored.Herein,we investigated the enzyme-like properties of four TMPs(FeP,CoP,Ni_(2)P,and Cu_(3)P)towards two sugar-related reactions.Among the four TMPs,Cu_(3)P nanoparticles(NPs)efficiently catalyzed the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds as glycoside hydrolase mimics,and FeP NPs possessed both glucose oxidase-like(GOx-like)and peroxidase-like activities,which combined into a cascade reaction for glucose’s simple and one-step colorimetric biosensor without GOx.Cu_(3)P and FeP NPs with distinctive enzyme-like activities have shown unique biological catalysis potentials for further applications with an attractive and challenging goal of developing nanomaterials to mimic natural enzymes,which encourages more efforts to reveal TMP’s capabilities towards biocatalysis.展开更多
The main effects of pollutions including acid rain, Cu 2+ ,atrazine and their combined products on the activities of urease, invertin, acid phosphatase and catalase were studied by means of orthogonal test. The re...The main effects of pollutions including acid rain, Cu 2+ ,atrazine and their combined products on the activities of urease, invertin, acid phosphatase and catalase were studied by means of orthogonal test. The results showed that H + and Cu 2+ had significant influence on the activities of four enzymes and the ability of their inhibiting followed the order: H +>Cu 2+ . Al 3+ and atrazine only had litter effects on the activity of urease and phosphatase, respectively. Furthermore, interaction analysis revealed that Cu 2+ -H + affected on the activity of acid phosphatase significantly and antagonism on invertin and urease, Cu 2+ -atrazine only exhibited the synergism on the activity of acid phosphatase. But atrazine-H + had non-interaction within the investigated concentration range. Among four enzymes, acid phosphatase was the most sensitive one to the contaminations.展开更多
文摘通过3个水平野外氮添加控制试验(0、40、120 kg N·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)),研究氮添加对亚热带湿地松林土壤水解酶和氧化酶活性的影响.结果表明:氮添加显著抑制了土壤有机质中碳、氮、磷水解酶和氧化酶的活性,导致β-1,4-葡糖苷酶(BG)、纤维素二糖水解酶(CBH)、β-1,4-乙酰基-葡糖胺糖苷酶(NAG)、过氧化物酶(PER)活性下降16.5%~51.1%,并且高水平氮添加对酶活性抑制效果更明显;氮添加导致α-1,4-葡糖苷酶(aG)、β-1,4-木糖苷酶(BX)、酸性磷酸酶(AP)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性降低14.5%~38.6%,不同水平氮添加处理间差异不显著.土壤酶活性存在明显的季节性差异,BG、NAG、BX、CBH、AP、PPO活性表现为3月>6月>10月,aG、PER活性表现为10月>3月>6月.多数土壤水解酶和氧化酶与pH呈显著正相关,与NO_3^--N含量呈显著负相关,表明氮添加导致p H降低和土壤中硝化作用增强,抑制了土壤水解酶和氧化酶活性.氮添加不利于亚热带土壤有机质的矿化和周转,并且随着氮添加量的增加,效果更明显.
基金financially supported by the projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos.22174164,G.C.,22104159,S.H.)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangzhou City (grant no.202201011408,G.C.)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,and Sun Yat-sen University (grant no.23lgbj005,G.C.).
文摘Phosphodiester bonds are the backbone linkages of all the nucleic acids which store and transfer biological information.The hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds is of great importance to the replication,recombination,and damage repair of DNA as well as the maturation and processing of RNA.However,the spontaneous scission of individual phosphodiester linkages is kinetically challenging under physiological conditions,with an estimated half-life of 30 million years.Here,we discover a defect-engineered Zr-metal-organic framework(Zr-MOF)nanozyme containing cluster-missing reo defects,named UiO-66 REO,that possesses intrinsic phosphodiesterase-like activity that allows for the cleavage of the phosphodiester bond in physiological condition(pH=7.4 and 37℃),outperforming the activityrecording Zr-MOFs.The atomic-level structure of the UiO-66 REO nanozyme has been directly identified by the synchrotron radiation absorption spectrum and integrated differential phase contrast-scanning transmission electron microscopy.We find that both the defective boundary regions and unusual Zr6-clusters formed in the reo phase of the UiO-66 REO nanozyme contribute to the improvement in efficiency of phosphodiesterase-like hydrolysis,which realizes the cleavage of DNA in mild conditions.This work offers a new insight into biomimetic enzymology using crystal and defect engineering and opens up new possibilities for the development of low-cost,structurally stable and sustainable phosphodiesterase nanozymes for different biological applications.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U21A2037,22074137,and 21721003)High Technology Industrialization Special of Science and Technology Cooperation of Jilin Province and the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2021SYHZ0036)Jilin Province Key Research and Development Program of China(No.20200403002SF).
文摘Transition metal phosphides(TMPs)are essential catalysts for some general catalytic reactions.However,their potentials for biological catalysis have seldom been explored.Herein,we investigated the enzyme-like properties of four TMPs(FeP,CoP,Ni_(2)P,and Cu_(3)P)towards two sugar-related reactions.Among the four TMPs,Cu_(3)P nanoparticles(NPs)efficiently catalyzed the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds as glycoside hydrolase mimics,and FeP NPs possessed both glucose oxidase-like(GOx-like)and peroxidase-like activities,which combined into a cascade reaction for glucose’s simple and one-step colorimetric biosensor without GOx.Cu_(3)P and FeP NPs with distinctive enzyme-like activities have shown unique biological catalysis potentials for further applications with an attractive and challenging goal of developing nanomaterials to mimic natural enzymes,which encourages more efforts to reveal TMP’s capabilities towards biocatalysis.
文摘The main effects of pollutions including acid rain, Cu 2+ ,atrazine and their combined products on the activities of urease, invertin, acid phosphatase and catalase were studied by means of orthogonal test. The results showed that H + and Cu 2+ had significant influence on the activities of four enzymes and the ability of their inhibiting followed the order: H +>Cu 2+ . Al 3+ and atrazine only had litter effects on the activity of urease and phosphatase, respectively. Furthermore, interaction analysis revealed that Cu 2+ -H + affected on the activity of acid phosphatase significantly and antagonism on invertin and urease, Cu 2+ -atrazine only exhibited the synergism on the activity of acid phosphatase. But atrazine-H + had non-interaction within the investigated concentration range. Among four enzymes, acid phosphatase was the most sensitive one to the contaminations.
