A semi-gas kinetics (SGK) model for performance analyses of flowing chemical oxygen-iodine laser (COIL) is presented. In this model, the oxygen-iodine reaction gas flow is treated as a continuous medium, and the effec...A semi-gas kinetics (SGK) model for performance analyses of flowing chemical oxygen-iodine laser (COIL) is presented. In this model, the oxygen-iodine reaction gas flow is treated as a continuous medium, and the effect of thermal motions of particles of different laser energy levels on the performances of the COIL is included and the velocity distribution function equations are solved by using the double-parameter perturbational method. For a premixed flow, effects of different chemical reaction systems, different gain saturation models and temperature, pressure, yield of excited oxygen, iodine concentration and frequency-shift on the performances of the COIL are computed, and the calculated output power agrees well with the experimental data. The results indicate that the power extraction of the SGK model considering 21 reactions is close to those when only the reversible pumping reaction is considered, while different gain saturation models and adjustable parameters greatly affect the output power, the optimal threshold gain range, and the length of power extraction.展开更多
采用机械球磨法对PbCO_3和CuO两种常用燃速催化剂进行纳米化粉碎。用激光粒度仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了产物粒子的粒径分布、形貌、晶型和纯度。通过分别计算样品中PbCO_3和CuO含量的标准偏差,定量分析了两种组...采用机械球磨法对PbCO_3和CuO两种常用燃速催化剂进行纳米化粉碎。用激光粒度仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了产物粒子的粒径分布、形貌、晶型和纯度。通过分别计算样品中PbCO_3和CuO含量的标准偏差,定量分析了两种组分在PbCO_3/CuO复合粒子中的分散均匀度。用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)分析了产品对吸收药热分解性能的影响。通过测定双基推进剂的燃速研究了产品对其燃烧性能的影响。结果表明,产物平均粒径为70 nm,粒度分布很窄;PbCO_3和CuO组分的分散均匀度分别达到了95.40%和92.60%。产物使吸收药热分解峰温提前了29.35℃,表观分解热增加了606 J/g,表观活化能降低了16.58 k J/mol。与普通PbCO_3和CuO的混合催化剂相比,纳米PbCO_3/CuO复合粒子使双基推进剂的燃烧压力指数降低了0.203。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.10032050).
文摘A semi-gas kinetics (SGK) model for performance analyses of flowing chemical oxygen-iodine laser (COIL) is presented. In this model, the oxygen-iodine reaction gas flow is treated as a continuous medium, and the effect of thermal motions of particles of different laser energy levels on the performances of the COIL is included and the velocity distribution function equations are solved by using the double-parameter perturbational method. For a premixed flow, effects of different chemical reaction systems, different gain saturation models and temperature, pressure, yield of excited oxygen, iodine concentration and frequency-shift on the performances of the COIL are computed, and the calculated output power agrees well with the experimental data. The results indicate that the power extraction of the SGK model considering 21 reactions is close to those when only the reversible pumping reaction is considered, while different gain saturation models and adjustable parameters greatly affect the output power, the optimal threshold gain range, and the length of power extraction.
文摘采用机械球磨法对PbCO_3和CuO两种常用燃速催化剂进行纳米化粉碎。用激光粒度仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了产物粒子的粒径分布、形貌、晶型和纯度。通过分别计算样品中PbCO_3和CuO含量的标准偏差,定量分析了两种组分在PbCO_3/CuO复合粒子中的分散均匀度。用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)分析了产品对吸收药热分解性能的影响。通过测定双基推进剂的燃速研究了产品对其燃烧性能的影响。结果表明,产物平均粒径为70 nm,粒度分布很窄;PbCO_3和CuO组分的分散均匀度分别达到了95.40%和92.60%。产物使吸收药热分解峰温提前了29.35℃,表观分解热增加了606 J/g,表观活化能降低了16.58 k J/mol。与普通PbCO_3和CuO的混合催化剂相比,纳米PbCO_3/CuO复合粒子使双基推进剂的燃烧压力指数降低了0.203。
文摘将基质固相分散、离子液体均相液-液微萃取和高效液相色谱法相结合,建立一种用于肌肉组织中依诺沙星、培氟沙星、诺氟沙星和恩诺沙星4种氟喹诺酮类药物的分析方法。首先以硅胶为分散剂,以200μL 1-己基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([C_6mim]BF_4)离子液体为萃取剂,p H 1.0水溶液为洗脱剂,采用基质固相分散法处理样品,目标分析物被转移至洗脱液中后,再以六氟磷酸铵为离子对试剂,采用均相液-液微萃取法分离、富集目标分析物于离子液体相中,最后通过高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器对目标物进行定量分析。结果表明,各化合物在线性范围内具有较好的线性关系(r>0.997 4),检出限为2.9~8.6μg/kg,加标回收率在87.9%~105.3%之间,其相对标准偏差为2.2%~8.6%。本法操作简单,不使用有机溶剂,可广泛应用于动物肌肉组织中氟喹诺酮类抗生素的萃取与检测。
