Sodium-ion batteries （NIBs） show great prospect on the energy storage applications benefiting from thei low cost and the abundant Na resources despite the expected lower energy density compared wit lithium-ion batte...Sodium-ion batteries （NIBs） show great prospect on the energy storage applications benefiting from thei low cost and the abundant Na resources despite the expected lower energy density compared wit lithium-ion batteries （LIBs）. To further enhance the competitive advantage, especially in energy densit3 developing the high-capacity carbon anode materials can be one of the effective approaches to realiz this goal. Herein, we report a novel carbon anode made from charcoal with a high capacity of ~400 Ah g i, wherein about 85% （〉330 mAh g^-1） of its total capacity is derived from the long plateau regio below ~0.1 V. which differs fiom those of typical hard carbon materials （~300 mAh g^-l） in NIBs but i similar to the graphite anode in LIBs. When coupled with air-stable Nao.gCuo.22Feo.3oMno.4802 oxid cathode, a high-energy density of ~240 Wh kg^-1 is achieved with good rate capability and cyclin stability. The discovery of this promising carbon anode is expected to further improve the energy densit of NIBs towards large-scale electrical energy storage.展开更多
It is well-established that high carbonization temperature will trigger the enzyme-like activity of carbon-based materials.However,the catalytic mechanism is still ambiguous,which hinders the further rational design o...It is well-established that high carbonization temperature will trigger the enzyme-like activity of carbon-based materials.However,the catalytic mechanism is still ambiguous,which hinders the further rational design of nanomaterials as enzyme mimics.Hereby,N,S-rich carbonized wool nanosheets(CWs)were synthesized at different pyrolysis temperatures.As expected,only CWs treated with high-temperature possess intrinsic oxidase-and peroxidase-like activities.Meanwhile,density functional theory(DFT)calculations demonstrate that graphitic nitrogen and the co-existence of nitrogen and sulfur in the carbon matrix serve as the active sites for the enzyme-like process.More importantly,combining theoretical calculations and experimental observations,the high-temperature triggered catalytic mechanism can be ascribed to the fact that an appropriate high-temperature maximizes the graphitization degree to a certain extent,at which most of the catalytic active sites are well retained rather than evaporating.Moreover,coupling with excellent photothermal conversion efficiency and catalytic performance,CWs can be applied to photothermal-catalytic cancer therapy under near-infrared region(NIR)light irradiation.We believe this work will contribute to understanding the catalytic mechanism of carbon-based nanozymes and promote the development of new biomedical and pharmaceutical applications.展开更多
1,2,3,9-四氢咔唑-4-酮生产废液量大且危害严重,本文探究了NaClO、H 2 O 2氧化处理废液的效果及存在的问题,同时提出了高温碳化处理的新工艺路线。实验结果表明,采用NaClO、H 2 O 2氧化处理废液未能达到理想要求,且回收的固体色泽差、...1,2,3,9-四氢咔唑-4-酮生产废液量大且危害严重,本文探究了NaClO、H 2 O 2氧化处理废液的效果及存在的问题,同时提出了高温碳化处理的新工艺路线。实验结果表明,采用NaClO、H 2 O 2氧化处理废液未能达到理想要求,且回收的固体色泽差、无催化活性。而废液经143℃蒸馏、残留液500℃高温碳化处理40 min后回收的氯化锌,具有良好催化活性,可使单苯腙转化率达到52.6%,实现了其在1,2,3,9-四氢咔唑-4-酮生产过程中的循环利用。研究结果为1,2,3,9-四氢咔唑-4-酮生产废液处理及资源综合利用提供了一条新途径。展开更多
Hydrothermal carbonization （HTC）, utilizing high temperature and pressure, has the potential to treat agricultural waste via inactivating pathogens, antibiotic resistance genes （ARG）, and contaminants of emerging ...Hydrothermal carbonization （HTC）, utilizing high temperature and pressure, has the potential to treat agricultural waste via inactivating pathogens, antibiotic resistance genes （ARG）, and contaminants of emerging concern （CEC） in a environmental and economical manner. Livestock mortality is one facet of agricultural waste that can pose a threat to the surrounding environment. While several methods are utilized to treat livestock mortality, there remains a paucity of data on the elimination of microbially- derived DNA in these treatment practices. This DNA, most notably ARGs, if it survives treatment can be reintroduced in agricultural environments where it could potentially be passed to pathogens, posing a risk to animal and human populations. HTC treatments have been successfully utilized for the treatment of CECs, however very little is understood on how ARGs survive HTC treatment. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap by examining the survivability ofmicrobially-derived DNA in the HTC treatment of livestock mortality. We examined three treatment temperatures （100℃, 150℃, and 200℃） at autogenic pressures at three treatment times （30, 60, and 240 min）. We examined the amplification of a plasmid-bome reporter gene carried by Escherichia coli DH 10B introduced to both beef bone and tissue. Results indicate that while all three temperatures, at all treatment times, were suitable for complete pathogen kill, only temperatures of 150℃ and 200℃ were sufficient for eliminating microbial DNA. These results serve as the basis for future potential HTC treatment recommendations for livestock mortality when considering the elimination of pathogens and ARGs.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Technologies R&D Program(2016YFB0901500)National Natural Science Foundation of China(51725206,51421002,51232005,and 51372131)
文摘Sodium-ion batteries （NIBs） show great prospect on the energy storage applications benefiting from thei low cost and the abundant Na resources despite the expected lower energy density compared wit lithium-ion batteries （LIBs）. To further enhance the competitive advantage, especially in energy densit3 developing the high-capacity carbon anode materials can be one of the effective approaches to realiz this goal. Herein, we report a novel carbon anode made from charcoal with a high capacity of ~400 Ah g i, wherein about 85% （〉330 mAh g^-1） of its total capacity is derived from the long plateau regio below ~0.1 V. which differs fiom those of typical hard carbon materials （~300 mAh g^-l） in NIBs but i similar to the graphite anode in LIBs. When coupled with air-stable Nao.gCuo.22Feo.3oMno.4802 oxid cathode, a high-energy density of ~240 Wh kg^-1 is achieved with good rate capability and cyclin stability. The discovery of this promising carbon anode is expected to further improve the energy densit of NIBs towards large-scale electrical energy storage.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12274356,22275081)Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Laboratory Medicine(Putian University)(No.PALM 202206)+1 种基金Fujian Province University,the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.20720220022)the 111 Project(No.B16029)。
文摘It is well-established that high carbonization temperature will trigger the enzyme-like activity of carbon-based materials.However,the catalytic mechanism is still ambiguous,which hinders the further rational design of nanomaterials as enzyme mimics.Hereby,N,S-rich carbonized wool nanosheets(CWs)were synthesized at different pyrolysis temperatures.As expected,only CWs treated with high-temperature possess intrinsic oxidase-and peroxidase-like activities.Meanwhile,density functional theory(DFT)calculations demonstrate that graphitic nitrogen and the co-existence of nitrogen and sulfur in the carbon matrix serve as the active sites for the enzyme-like process.More importantly,combining theoretical calculations and experimental observations,the high-temperature triggered catalytic mechanism can be ascribed to the fact that an appropriate high-temperature maximizes the graphitization degree to a certain extent,at which most of the catalytic active sites are well retained rather than evaporating.Moreover,coupling with excellent photothermal conversion efficiency and catalytic performance,CWs can be applied to photothermal-catalytic cancer therapy under near-infrared region(NIR)light irradiation.We believe this work will contribute to understanding the catalytic mechanism of carbon-based nanozymes and promote the development of new biomedical and pharmaceutical applications.
文摘1,2,3,9-四氢咔唑-4-酮生产废液量大且危害严重,本文探究了NaClO、H 2 O 2氧化处理废液的效果及存在的问题,同时提出了高温碳化处理的新工艺路线。实验结果表明,采用NaClO、H 2 O 2氧化处理废液未能达到理想要求,且回收的固体色泽差、无催化活性。而废液经143℃蒸馏、残留液500℃高温碳化处理40 min后回收的氯化锌,具有良好催化活性,可使单苯腙转化率达到52.6%,实现了其在1,2,3,9-四氢咔唑-4-酮生产过程中的循环利用。研究结果为1,2,3,9-四氢咔唑-4-酮生产废液处理及资源综合利用提供了一条新途径。
文摘Hydrothermal carbonization （HTC）, utilizing high temperature and pressure, has the potential to treat agricultural waste via inactivating pathogens, antibiotic resistance genes （ARG）, and contaminants of emerging concern （CEC） in a environmental and economical manner. Livestock mortality is one facet of agricultural waste that can pose a threat to the surrounding environment. While several methods are utilized to treat livestock mortality, there remains a paucity of data on the elimination of microbially- derived DNA in these treatment practices. This DNA, most notably ARGs, if it survives treatment can be reintroduced in agricultural environments where it could potentially be passed to pathogens, posing a risk to animal and human populations. HTC treatments have been successfully utilized for the treatment of CECs, however very little is understood on how ARGs survive HTC treatment. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap by examining the survivability ofmicrobially-derived DNA in the HTC treatment of livestock mortality. We examined three treatment temperatures （100℃, 150℃, and 200℃） at autogenic pressures at three treatment times （30, 60, and 240 min）. We examined the amplification of a plasmid-bome reporter gene carried by Escherichia coli DH 10B introduced to both beef bone and tissue. Results indicate that while all three temperatures, at all treatment times, were suitable for complete pathogen kill, only temperatures of 150℃ and 200℃ were sufficient for eliminating microbial DNA. These results serve as the basis for future potential HTC treatment recommendations for livestock mortality when considering the elimination of pathogens and ARGs.
