To reveal the seasonal dynamics of herbage intake, diet composition and digestibility and clarify the relationship of those with herbage nutrient and botanical composition of grazing sheep in Zhenglan Banner of Inner ...To reveal the seasonal dynamics of herbage intake, diet composition and digestibility and clarify the relationship of those with herbage nutrient and botanical composition of grazing sheep in Zhenglan Banner of Inner Mongolia, the n-alkane technique was used to test in sheep grazed during June, August and December. The results showed that the sheep mainly ate Fringed sagebrush, Stipa krylovii and Carex in proportions of 33.5,17.9 and 21.2%, respectively, in spring. In summer, the sheep consumed cleistogenes,Potentilla tanacetifolia, Thyme, etc; the intake of Fringed sagebrush, Carex and Stipa declined. In winter,Fringed sagebrush accounted for 50.1% of herbage intake, and the intakes of Cleistogenes and Stipa krylovii increased to 15.3 and 18.4%, respectively. Herbage intake by the sheep in spring was 1.8 kg DM/d, and digestibility was 71.4%. Herbage intake and digestibility decreased slightly to 1.7 kg DM/d and 68.4%during the summer, respectively and decreased significantly to 1.2 kg DM/d and 36.4% in winter. There were significant correlations between diet composition and CP content in winter, diet composition and botanical composition in summer. A highly positive correlation between herbage intake and digestibility was observed in grazing sheep.展开更多
Feed-animal balance is the key technique on the grassland ecosystem management,and attracts widespread attention in the world.Many studies have been conducted by former researchers,and most of their efforts were inten...Feed-animal balance is the key technique on the grassland ecosystem management,and attracts widespread attention in the world.Many studies have been conducted by former researchers,and most of their efforts were intended to keep the balance of feed-animal.However,there are still much more issue needed to be studied in details on the face of grassland degeneration and animal husbandry sustainable development.The author analyzed the feed-animal balance research progress,including the concept of stocking rate and its practical management techniques,especially on the stocking rate calculation methods.In addition,the social and economy effects on feed-animal balance were also discussed during the progress of improving the development of pastoral economy.In order to achieve feed-animal balance more effectively,it was concluded that the focus must be shift from only on animal number to the grassland quality,and it's necessary to strengthen market tax control.展开更多
<span style="font-family:Verdana;">A grazing experiment was undertaken to assess the effects of two levels of herbage mass (HM) on herbage DM intake (DMI), fat and protein corrected milk yield (FPCM), ...<span style="font-family:Verdana;">A grazing experiment was undertaken to assess the effects of two levels of herbage mass (HM) on herbage DM intake (DMI), fat and protein corrected milk yield (FPCM), grazing behaviour, energy expenditure (HP), and methane emissions (CH</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">4</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) of grazing dairy cows in spring. Treatments were a low HM (1447 kg DM/ha;LHM) or a high HM (1859 kg DM/ha;HHM). Pasture was composed mainly </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">of</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> cocksfoot (</span><i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Dactylis glomerata</span></i><span></span></i></span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) and lucerne (</span><i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Medicago sativa</span></i><span></span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">), offered at a daily herbage allowance of 30 kg DM/cow, above 5 cm. Eight multiparous Holstein cows were used in a 2</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">×</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2 Latin Square design in two 10-day periods. Despite the differences in pre-grazing HM between treatments, OM digestibility was not different (P = 0.28). Herbage mass did not affect DMI or FPCM. Grazing time was not different between treatments, but cows had a greater bite rate when grazing on LHM swards. However, HP did not differ between treatments. Daily methane emission (per cow), methane emission intensity (per kg FPCM) and methane yield (as percentage of gross energy intake) were not different. The lack of effect of the amount of pre-grazing HM on energy intake, confirms that the difference between HM treatments w</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">as</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> beyond the limits that impose extra energy expenditure during grazing.</span>展开更多
基金supported by the Modern Agroindustry Technology Research System(CARS-39)grant from the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture
文摘To reveal the seasonal dynamics of herbage intake, diet composition and digestibility and clarify the relationship of those with herbage nutrient and botanical composition of grazing sheep in Zhenglan Banner of Inner Mongolia, the n-alkane technique was used to test in sheep grazed during June, August and December. The results showed that the sheep mainly ate Fringed sagebrush, Stipa krylovii and Carex in proportions of 33.5,17.9 and 21.2%, respectively, in spring. In summer, the sheep consumed cleistogenes,Potentilla tanacetifolia, Thyme, etc; the intake of Fringed sagebrush, Carex and Stipa declined. In winter,Fringed sagebrush accounted for 50.1% of herbage intake, and the intakes of Cleistogenes and Stipa krylovii increased to 15.3 and 18.4%, respectively. Herbage intake by the sheep in spring was 1.8 kg DM/d, and digestibility was 71.4%. Herbage intake and digestibility decreased slightly to 1.7 kg DM/d and 68.4%during the summer, respectively and decreased significantly to 1.2 kg DM/d and 36.4% in winter. There were significant correlations between diet composition and CP content in winter, diet composition and botanical composition in summer. A highly positive correlation between herbage intake and digestibility was observed in grazing sheep.
基金The National Special Research Fund for Non-Profit Sector."Carrying Capacity and Livestock in Different Places"(200903060)"Re-search and Demonstration of Resources Optimization in Family Farmland"(201003019)+1 种基金"Research and Demonstration of Nurture of Natural Grassland and Used Technology in Semi-arid Farmland"(201303060)National Forage Industry Technological System(CARS-35)
文摘Feed-animal balance is the key technique on the grassland ecosystem management,and attracts widespread attention in the world.Many studies have been conducted by former researchers,and most of their efforts were intended to keep the balance of feed-animal.However,there are still much more issue needed to be studied in details on the face of grassland degeneration and animal husbandry sustainable development.The author analyzed the feed-animal balance research progress,including the concept of stocking rate and its practical management techniques,especially on the stocking rate calculation methods.In addition,the social and economy effects on feed-animal balance were also discussed during the progress of improving the development of pastoral economy.In order to achieve feed-animal balance more effectively,it was concluded that the focus must be shift from only on animal number to the grassland quality,and it's necessary to strengthen market tax control.
文摘<span style="font-family:Verdana;">A grazing experiment was undertaken to assess the effects of two levels of herbage mass (HM) on herbage DM intake (DMI), fat and protein corrected milk yield (FPCM), grazing behaviour, energy expenditure (HP), and methane emissions (CH</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">4</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) of grazing dairy cows in spring. Treatments were a low HM (1447 kg DM/ha;LHM) or a high HM (1859 kg DM/ha;HHM). Pasture was composed mainly </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">of</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> cocksfoot (</span><i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Dactylis glomerata</span></i><span></span></i></span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) and lucerne (</span><i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Medicago sativa</span></i><span></span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">), offered at a daily herbage allowance of 30 kg DM/cow, above 5 cm. Eight multiparous Holstein cows were used in a 2</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">×</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2 Latin Square design in two 10-day periods. Despite the differences in pre-grazing HM between treatments, OM digestibility was not different (P = 0.28). Herbage mass did not affect DMI or FPCM. Grazing time was not different between treatments, but cows had a greater bite rate when grazing on LHM swards. However, HP did not differ between treatments. Daily methane emission (per cow), methane emission intensity (per kg FPCM) and methane yield (as percentage of gross energy intake) were not different. The lack of effect of the amount of pre-grazing HM on energy intake, confirms that the difference between HM treatments w</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">as</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> beyond the limits that impose extra energy expenditure during grazing.</span>
