目的通过有限元(finite element analysis,FEA)方法对自发性脑出血(spontaneous intracrebral hemorrhage,SICH)患者颅内血肿形态进行重建与分析,获取形态相关参数,考查形态相关参数与常规临床评估相比对血肿扩大(hematoma expansion,HE...目的通过有限元(finite element analysis,FEA)方法对自发性脑出血(spontaneous intracrebral hemorrhage,SICH)患者颅内血肿形态进行重建与分析,获取形态相关参数,考查形态相关参数与常规临床评估相比对血肿扩大(hematoma expansion,HE)的预测与诊断优势。方法采用回顾性、病例对照方法,纳入百色市人民医院急诊科2015年6月至2017年12月期间符合研究标准的SICH患者。收集患者入院临床参数,对同一患者的常规头颅CT影像采用两种不同的分析方法。常规评估:临床调查员根据血肿断层影像判别血肿边缘是否规则,出血量计算采用简化多田公式(ABC/2)。FEA分析:FEA调查员进行血肿腔FEA分析,得到血肿空间形态和血肿体积、表面积、血肿腔每平方毫米表面积三角片数量(the quantity of triangles per square millimeter surface,TQOT/mm2)等参数。出血量或血肿体积较基线水平增加>33%认为发生血肿扩大,根据两种出血量评估方法(ABC/2,FEA)将患者分为各自的HE组与非HE组,单因素比较和Logistic多因素分析分别筛选FEA法、ABC/2法HE的危险因素,ROC曲线分析各自危险因素对HE的诊断能力。结果共有127例患者纳入研究。平均发病至首次CT时间为3.08±1.34 h,ABC/2法判别HE34(26.77%)例,FEA法31(24.41%)例,虽然两种方法判别血肿扩大差异有统计学意义(pearsonχ2=53.66,P=0.000),但仍有中度一致性(Kappa=0.65)。FEA实现所有患者血肿的三维重建,大体观察提示TQOT/mm2与形态相关。Logistic分析显示,ABC/2法仅有ICH评分为HE的危险因素(OR=1.79,95%CI:1.19~2.68);FEA法HE危险因素为TQOT/mm2≥1.95个/mm2(OR=16.99,95%CI:5.98~48.33)和血肿生长速度(Ultraearly Hematoma Growth,uHG),(OR=1.05,95%CI:1.01~1.09)。ROC曲线结果:ICH评分对HE(ABC/2法)诊断的曲线下面积(Area under the curve,AUC)为0.64。uHG(FEA法)为0.67,诊断能力低。而TQOT/mm2诊断HE(FEA法)的AUC为0.9,取值1.95(个/mm2)时敏感性和特异性分别为77%和83%�展开更多
目的通过对高血压性脑出血患者急诊干预方法以及脑出血后血肿变化的总结,探讨急诊干预对防止高血压性脑出血后早期血肿扩大的临床意义。方法对2008年6月—2012年12月因高血压性脑出血来深圳龙华医院急诊患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,...目的通过对高血压性脑出血患者急诊干预方法以及脑出血后血肿变化的总结,探讨急诊干预对防止高血压性脑出血后早期血肿扩大的临床意义。方法对2008年6月—2012年12月因高血压性脑出血来深圳龙华医院急诊患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,在所有资料中随机抽取实施急诊规范化干预的患者90例（干预组）及未实施急诊规范化干预患者90例（对照组）,对2组患者的年龄、性别、早期血肿扩大率进行比较。急诊干预措施包括患者呼吸道的管理、血压的调节、颅内压检测、静脉输入止血药物、确保患者处于安静状态、留着尿管、完善必要的常规检查等,其中血压的调节笔者采用的是乌拉地尔静脉注射加静脉输入的方法对患者进行早期强化降压治疗。对高血压脑出血伴血压升高的患者,在接诊后1 h内将患者的收缩压降至130～140 mm Hg,且一直维持此水平,保持血压的稳定,防止血压的波动。结果 2组患者在年龄及性别方面差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,干预组患者脑出血后早期血肿扩大率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=9.13,P〈0.01）。结论高血压脑出血发病急,病情危重且变化快,对高血压性脑出血患者进行急诊规范化的干预有助于血肿的稳定,对防止脑出血后早期血肿进一步扩大及提高患者的生存率及生存质量有着积极的临床意义。在临床工作中应将急救服务体系即院前急救体系、院内急救体系和重症监护治疗体系切实落实到脑出血整个治疗过程中。展开更多
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage is a type of stroke associated with poor outcomes. Mortality is elevated, especially in the acute phase. From a pathophysiological point of view the bleeding must traverse differen...Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage is a type of stroke associated with poor outcomes. Mortality is elevated, especially in the acute phase. From a pathophysiological point of view the bleeding must traverse different stages dominated by the possibility of re-bleeding, edema, intracranial hypertension, inflammation and neurotoxicity due to blood degradation products, mainly hemoglobin and thrombin. Neurological deterioration and death are common in early hours, so it is a true neurologicalneurosurgical emergency. Time is brain so that action should be taken fast and accurately. The most significant prognostic factors are level of consciousness, location, volume and ventricular extension of the bleeding. Nihilism and early withdrawal of active therapy undoubtedly influence the final result. Although there are no proven therapeutic measures, treatment should be individualized and guided preferably by pathophysiology. The multidisciplinary teamwork is essential. Results of recently completed studies have birth to promising new strategies. For correct management it's important to establish an orderly and systematic strategy based on clinical stabilization, evaluation and establishment of prognosis, avoiding secondary insults and adoption of specific individualized therapies, including hemostatic therapy and intensive control of elevated blood pressure. Uncertainty continues regarding the role of surgery.展开更多
目的探讨CT平扫征象预测高血压脑出血(ICH)患者血肿扩大的价值。方法入组80例发病6 h以内的ICH患者,入院行头颅CT扫描,由两位影像科医师评估血肿内“黑洞征”和“卫星征”。根据24 h CT复查结果,分为血肿扩大组和血肿未扩大组。ROC曲线...目的探讨CT平扫征象预测高血压脑出血(ICH)患者血肿扩大的价值。方法入组80例发病6 h以内的ICH患者,入院行头颅CT扫描,由两位影像科医师评估血肿内“黑洞征”和“卫星征”。根据24 h CT复查结果,分为血肿扩大组和血肿未扩大组。ROC曲线比较“黑洞征”、“卫星征”及其联合征象对血肿扩大的预测能力。结果“黑洞征”、“卫星征”和联合征象在血肿扩大组与血肿未扩大组之间差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。联合征象预测早期血肿扩大的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确性分别为84.09%、63.89%、74.00%、76.67%和75.30%,其预测的准确性高于“黑洞征”(66.00%)和“卫星征”(69.70%)。结论头颅CT平扫联合征象较单一征象更能预测早期血肿扩大。展开更多
文摘目的通过有限元(finite element analysis,FEA)方法对自发性脑出血(spontaneous intracrebral hemorrhage,SICH)患者颅内血肿形态进行重建与分析,获取形态相关参数,考查形态相关参数与常规临床评估相比对血肿扩大(hematoma expansion,HE)的预测与诊断优势。方法采用回顾性、病例对照方法,纳入百色市人民医院急诊科2015年6月至2017年12月期间符合研究标准的SICH患者。收集患者入院临床参数,对同一患者的常规头颅CT影像采用两种不同的分析方法。常规评估:临床调查员根据血肿断层影像判别血肿边缘是否规则,出血量计算采用简化多田公式(ABC/2)。FEA分析:FEA调查员进行血肿腔FEA分析,得到血肿空间形态和血肿体积、表面积、血肿腔每平方毫米表面积三角片数量(the quantity of triangles per square millimeter surface,TQOT/mm2)等参数。出血量或血肿体积较基线水平增加>33%认为发生血肿扩大,根据两种出血量评估方法(ABC/2,FEA)将患者分为各自的HE组与非HE组,单因素比较和Logistic多因素分析分别筛选FEA法、ABC/2法HE的危险因素,ROC曲线分析各自危险因素对HE的诊断能力。结果共有127例患者纳入研究。平均发病至首次CT时间为3.08±1.34 h,ABC/2法判别HE34(26.77%)例,FEA法31(24.41%)例,虽然两种方法判别血肿扩大差异有统计学意义(pearsonχ2=53.66,P=0.000),但仍有中度一致性(Kappa=0.65)。FEA实现所有患者血肿的三维重建,大体观察提示TQOT/mm2与形态相关。Logistic分析显示,ABC/2法仅有ICH评分为HE的危险因素(OR=1.79,95%CI:1.19~2.68);FEA法HE危险因素为TQOT/mm2≥1.95个/mm2(OR=16.99,95%CI:5.98~48.33)和血肿生长速度(Ultraearly Hematoma Growth,uHG),(OR=1.05,95%CI:1.01~1.09)。ROC曲线结果:ICH评分对HE(ABC/2法)诊断的曲线下面积(Area under the curve,AUC)为0.64。uHG(FEA法)为0.67,诊断能力低。而TQOT/mm2诊断HE(FEA法)的AUC为0.9,取值1.95(个/mm2)时敏感性和特异性分别为77%和83%�
文摘目的通过对高血压性脑出血患者急诊干预方法以及脑出血后血肿变化的总结,探讨急诊干预对防止高血压性脑出血后早期血肿扩大的临床意义。方法对2008年6月—2012年12月因高血压性脑出血来深圳龙华医院急诊患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,在所有资料中随机抽取实施急诊规范化干预的患者90例（干预组）及未实施急诊规范化干预患者90例（对照组）,对2组患者的年龄、性别、早期血肿扩大率进行比较。急诊干预措施包括患者呼吸道的管理、血压的调节、颅内压检测、静脉输入止血药物、确保患者处于安静状态、留着尿管、完善必要的常规检查等,其中血压的调节笔者采用的是乌拉地尔静脉注射加静脉输入的方法对患者进行早期强化降压治疗。对高血压脑出血伴血压升高的患者,在接诊后1 h内将患者的收缩压降至130～140 mm Hg,且一直维持此水平,保持血压的稳定,防止血压的波动。结果 2组患者在年龄及性别方面差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,干预组患者脑出血后早期血肿扩大率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=9.13,P〈0.01）。结论高血压脑出血发病急,病情危重且变化快,对高血压性脑出血患者进行急诊规范化的干预有助于血肿的稳定,对防止脑出血后早期血肿进一步扩大及提高患者的生存率及生存质量有着积极的临床意义。在临床工作中应将急救服务体系即院前急救体系、院内急救体系和重症监护治疗体系切实落实到脑出血整个治疗过程中。
文摘Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage is a type of stroke associated with poor outcomes. Mortality is elevated, especially in the acute phase. From a pathophysiological point of view the bleeding must traverse different stages dominated by the possibility of re-bleeding, edema, intracranial hypertension, inflammation and neurotoxicity due to blood degradation products, mainly hemoglobin and thrombin. Neurological deterioration and death are common in early hours, so it is a true neurologicalneurosurgical emergency. Time is brain so that action should be taken fast and accurately. The most significant prognostic factors are level of consciousness, location, volume and ventricular extension of the bleeding. Nihilism and early withdrawal of active therapy undoubtedly influence the final result. Although there are no proven therapeutic measures, treatment should be individualized and guided preferably by pathophysiology. The multidisciplinary teamwork is essential. Results of recently completed studies have birth to promising new strategies. For correct management it's important to establish an orderly and systematic strategy based on clinical stabilization, evaluation and establishment of prognosis, avoiding secondary insults and adoption of specific individualized therapies, including hemostatic therapy and intensive control of elevated blood pressure. Uncertainty continues regarding the role of surgery.
文摘目的探讨CT平扫征象预测高血压脑出血(ICH)患者血肿扩大的价值。方法入组80例发病6 h以内的ICH患者,入院行头颅CT扫描,由两位影像科医师评估血肿内“黑洞征”和“卫星征”。根据24 h CT复查结果,分为血肿扩大组和血肿未扩大组。ROC曲线比较“黑洞征”、“卫星征”及其联合征象对血肿扩大的预测能力。结果“黑洞征”、“卫星征”和联合征象在血肿扩大组与血肿未扩大组之间差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。联合征象预测早期血肿扩大的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确性分别为84.09%、63.89%、74.00%、76.67%和75.30%,其预测的准确性高于“黑洞征”(66.00%)和“卫星征”(69.70%)。结论头颅CT平扫联合征象较单一征象更能预测早期血肿扩大。
