For the inefficiency and inaccuracy of appraisal method of traditional estate appraisal theory, the real estate appraisal system based on GIS and BP neural network was established. The structure of the system was desi...For the inefficiency and inaccuracy of appraisal method of traditional estate appraisal theory, the real estate appraisal system based on GIS and BP neural network was established. The structure of the system was designed which includes appraisal model, trade case, GIS database and query analysis module. With the help of the L-M algorithm in MATLAB software, BP neural network was improved and the trade cases were trained, then the BP neural network which has already been trained was tested. At the same time, the BP neural and GIS were put together to construct the hedonic price estimate model. The C# and ArcGIS9.3 were used to achieve the system in VS2008. City basic geographic data and real estate related information were used as the basic data in practice. The results show that the functions of querying, adding and editing the spatial data and attribute data are achieved and also the efficiency and accuracy of real estate are improved, so that the new method of real estate is provided by the system.展开更多
In this study, housing prices data for residential quarters from the period 2001-2012 were used and Global Differentiation Index （GDI） was established to measure the overall differentiation trend in housing prices i...In this study, housing prices data for residential quarters from the period 2001-2012 were used and Global Differentiation Index （GDI） was established to measure the overall differentiation trend in housing prices in Yangzhou City, eastern China. Then the influence of the natural landscape and environment on prices of global housing market and housing submarkets was evaluated by the hedonic price model. The results are shown as follows. （1） There have been increasing gaps among housing prices since 2001. In this period, the differentiation trend has shown an upward fluctuation, which has been coupled with the annual growth rate of housing prices. （2） The spatial distribution of residential quarters of homogenous prices has changed from clustered in 2001 into dispersed in 2012. （3） Natural landscape and environmental externalities clearly influence spatial differentiation of housing prices. （4） In different housing submarkets, the influence of natural landscape and environmental eternalities are varied. Natural landscape characteristics have significant impact on housing prices of ordinary commercial houses and indemnificatory houses, while the impact of environmental characteristics have obvious influence on housing prices of cottages and villas.展开更多
The physiology and behaviors related to energy balance are monitored by the nervous and humoral systems. Because of the difficulty in treating diabetes and obesity, elucidating the energy balance mechanism and identif...The physiology and behaviors related to energy balance are monitored by the nervous and humoral systems. Because of the difficulty in treating diabetes and obesity, elucidating the energy balance mechanism and identifying critical targets for treatment are important research goals. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to describe energy regulation by the central nervous system(CNS) and peripheral humoral pathway. Homeostasis and rewarding are the basis of CNS regulation. Anorexigenic or orexigenic effects reflect the activities of the POMC/CART or NPY/AgRP neurons within the hypothalamus. Neurotransmitters have roles in food intake, and responsive brain nuclei have different functions related to food intake, glucose monitoring, reward processing. Peripheral gut-or adipose-derived hormones are the major source of peripheral humoral regulation systems. Nutrients or metabolites and gut microbiota affect metabolism via a discrete pathway. We also review the role of peripheral organs, the liver,adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle in peripheral regulation. We discuss these topics and how the body regulates metabolism.展开更多
With the rapid urbanization of Chinese cities,access to jobs and amenities is becoming increasingly valued in household＇s choice of residential locations.In this paper,we estimate the implicit value of access to jobs...With the rapid urbanization of Chinese cities,access to jobs and amenities is becoming increasingly valued in household＇s choice of residential locations.In this paper,we estimate the implicit value of access to jobs and amenities in Beijing using the hedonic pricing model.The spatial distributions of jobs and amenities in the Beijing Metropolitan Area are quite centralized,supporting the traditional monocentric model in the urban economics literature.Accessibility indices are developed to measure the accessibilities to jobs and amenities of 129 Jiedaos（residential zones）.We then employ the hedonic pricing equations to estimate the capitalization effects of these accessibility indices in the prices of new residential properties.The empirical results show that the accessibility indices are important determinants of residential property prices in Beijing,which means that urban residents have a willingness to pay for access to high quality amenities.展开更多
Hunger, mostly initiated by a deficiency in energy, induces food seeking and intake. However, the drive toward food is not only regulated by physiological needs, but is motivated by the pleasure derived from ingestion...Hunger, mostly initiated by a deficiency in energy, induces food seeking and intake. However, the drive toward food is not only regulated by physiological needs, but is motivated by the pleasure derived from ingestion of food, in particular palatable foods. Therefore, feeding is viewed as an adaptive motivated behavior that involves integrated communication between homeostatic feeding circuits and reward circuits. The initiation and termination of a feeding episode are instructed by a variety of neuronal signals, and maladaptive plasticity in almost any component of the network may lead to the development of pathological eating disorders. In this review we will summarize the latest understanding of how the feeding circuits and reward circuits in the brain interact. We will emphasize communication between the hypothalamus and the mesolimbic dopamine system and highlight complexities, discrepancies, open questions and future directions for the field.展开更多
Studies have shown that there are strong interactions between gustatory and visceral sensations the central nervous system when rats ingest sweet foods or solutions. To investigate the role of th subdiaphragmatic vagi...Studies have shown that there are strong interactions between gustatory and visceral sensations the central nervous system when rats ingest sweet foods or solutions. To investigate the role of th subdiaphragmatic vagi in transmitting general visceral information during the process of drinking sweet-tasting solutions, we examined the effects of subdiaphragmatic vagotomy on the intake of 0.5 mol/L sucrose, 0.005 mol/L saccharin or distilled water over the course of 1 hour in rats depriv~ of water. Results showed no significant difference in consumption of these three solutions in vagotomized rats. However, rats in the sham-surgery group drank more saccharin solution than sucrose solution or distilled water. Moreover, the intake of distilled water was similar between vagotomized rats and sham-surgery group rats, but significantly less sucrose and saccharin were consumed by vagotomized rats compared with rats in the sham-surgery group. These findings indicate that subdiaphragmatic vagotomy reduces intake of sweet-tasting solution in rats, and suggest that vagal and extravagal inputs play a balanced role in the control of the intake of sweet-tasting solutions. They also suggest that subdiaphragmatic vagotomy eliminates the difference in hedonic perception induced by sweet-tasting solutions compared with distilled water II E展开更多
聚类集成旨在将多个基聚类进行组合,以获得性能更佳、鲁棒性更强的共识结果。本文提出了一种基于随机游走的聚类集成方法CERW(Clustering Ensemble based on Random Walk)。该方法以hedonic games(享乐博弈)生成的簇为图节点,簇之间的...聚类集成旨在将多个基聚类进行组合,以获得性能更佳、鲁棒性更强的共识结果。本文提出了一种基于随机游走的聚类集成方法CERW(Clustering Ensemble based on Random Walk)。该方法以hedonic games(享乐博弈)生成的簇为图节点,簇之间的社会福利值为边权重构造簇级相似图。为了探索相似图中节点之间的结构信息,定义一个转移概率矩阵,并在此基础上进行随机游走,通过分析不同节点的随机游走轨迹来发现博弈簇之间的潜在关系。在多个数据集上的实验结果证明了所提方法的有效性。展开更多
The hedonic price model is widely applied to study the urban housing market because of the heterogeneity of housing products. Literature indicated that the hedonic price theory mainly includes two parts: Lancaster’s ...The hedonic price model is widely applied to study the urban housing market because of the heterogeneity of housing products. Literature indicated that the hedonic price theory mainly includes two parts: Lancaster’s partiality theory and Rosen’s characteristic market equilibrium analysis. This paper chose 18 characteristics as independent variables and set up a linear hedonic price model for Hangzhou City. The model was tested with 2473 housing samples and field survey data of 290 housing commu-nities. This research found that 14 out of 18 characteristics had significant influence on housing price. They were classified into 5 groups according to their impact degree.展开更多
The relationship between salmon prices and attributes were explored using the samples collected in supermarkets in Shanghai,China.The results showed that the price of the salmon did not have a significant relationship...The relationship between salmon prices and attributes were explored using the samples collected in supermarkets in Shanghai,China.The results showed that the price of the salmon did not have a significant relationship with the depth of orange color of salmon,unlike the results of stated preferences of western consumers in the previous studies.Whereas,smoked products had a positive relationship with price in the linear model form,and as the main importing country,Norway has the strongest positive relationship with price.In China salmon demand is expected to increase in future,salmon attributes highly appreciated in the market are different from western countries and salmon exporters need to recognize China as a special market for effective market.展开更多
The objective of this study was to investigate how rapid descriptive consumer analysis using simultaneous presentation of samples compared with monadic presentation of samples, using both affective and descriptive sen...The objective of this study was to investigate how rapid descriptive consumer analysis using simultaneous presentation of samples compared with monadic presentation of samples, using both affective and descriptive sensory evaluation methods. Simultaneous presentation of coffee samples for sensory acceptance testing, using ranking analysis, was conducted using na?ve assessors. In a separate session, assessors evaluated the same coffee samples, using monadic presentation and employing the same scales. Similarly, descriptive consumer analysis, using simultaneous and monadic sample presentation, was conducted using descriptive attributes chosen by the panel. For RDA (Ranking descriptive analysis), coffee samples were presented simultaneously (randomised) to assessors and subsequently ranked. The process was then repeated using the same assessors;however, samples were presented in monadic and randomised presentation order. Data accumulated from the study were analysed by Analysis of Variance (APLSR-ANOVA Partial Least Squares Regression). Results obtained indicate that simultaneous presentation of samples was more effective than monadic presentation, as a larger amount of attributes with significant (P < 0.05) intensity differences were observed using RDA. Thus, simultaneous presentation of samples also allows ranking in SAT evaluation and proved a useful tool in establishing the hedonic attributes of products. We propose to call this method Ranking Acceptance Analysis (RAA).展开更多
The transfer of the rural collective construction land is increasingly accelerating,and the factors affecting transfer price are manifold. In this paper,the research area is Yichang,and we establish hedonic price mode...The transfer of the rural collective construction land is increasingly accelerating,and the factors affecting transfer price are manifold. In this paper,the research area is Yichang,and we establish hedonic price model to explore and analyze the factors which affect the collective construction land transfer price. The simulation results show that in geographical factors,the higher degree of prosperity,road accessibility and soundness of infrastructure will result in higher collective construction land transfer price; in economic factors,the higher farmers' per capita net income and added value of the village's tertiary industry will lead to higher collective construction land transfer price; in ownership factors,the integrity of usufruct,disposition and possession has increasingly significant impact on collective construction land transfer price. In the process of establishing rural collective construction land circulation market,the government should gradually improve conditions of collective construction land; strengthen the construction of the rural economy,improve the economic attribute of the collective construction land; establish and improve China's rural collective construction land-related laws and regulations,make the rural collective construction land use rights clear,and give the whole rights of occupation,use,earning and disposition.展开更多
基金Project(41061041)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2010gzs0084)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province,China
文摘For the inefficiency and inaccuracy of appraisal method of traditional estate appraisal theory, the real estate appraisal system based on GIS and BP neural network was established. The structure of the system was designed which includes appraisal model, trade case, GIS database and query analysis module. With the help of the L-M algorithm in MATLAB software, BP neural network was improved and the trade cases were trained, then the BP neural network which has already been trained was tested. At the same time, the BP neural and GIS were put together to construct the hedonic price estimate model. The C# and ArcGIS9.3 were used to achieve the system in VS2008. City basic geographic data and real estate related information were used as the basic data in practice. The results show that the functions of querying, adding and editing the spatial data and attribute data are achieved and also the efficiency and accuracy of real estate are improved, so that the new method of real estate is provided by the system.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41401164, No.41201128
文摘In this study, housing prices data for residential quarters from the period 2001-2012 were used and Global Differentiation Index （GDI） was established to measure the overall differentiation trend in housing prices in Yangzhou City, eastern China. Then the influence of the natural landscape and environment on prices of global housing market and housing submarkets was evaluated by the hedonic price model. The results are shown as follows. （1） There have been increasing gaps among housing prices since 2001. In this period, the differentiation trend has shown an upward fluctuation, which has been coupled with the annual growth rate of housing prices. （2） The spatial distribution of residential quarters of homogenous prices has changed from clustered in 2001 into dispersed in 2012. （3） Natural landscape and environmental externalities clearly influence spatial differentiation of housing prices. （4） In different housing submarkets, the influence of natural landscape and environmental eternalities are varied. Natural landscape characteristics have significant impact on housing prices of ordinary commercial houses and indemnificatory houses, while the impact of environmental characteristics have obvious influence on housing prices of cottages and villas.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81370932)the United States MERCK IISP Fund (40313, 40309)+2 种基金Outstanding Leaders Training Program of Pudong Health Bureau of Shanghai (PWR12014-06)Integrative Medicine special fund of Shanghai Municipal Health Planning Committee (ZHYY-ZXYJHZX2-201712)the Key Studies (Special) Department Fund of the Pudong New Area Health Planning Commission (PWZzk2017-03)
文摘The physiology and behaviors related to energy balance are monitored by the nervous and humoral systems. Because of the difficulty in treating diabetes and obesity, elucidating the energy balance mechanism and identifying critical targets for treatment are important research goals. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to describe energy regulation by the central nervous system(CNS) and peripheral humoral pathway. Homeostasis and rewarding are the basis of CNS regulation. Anorexigenic or orexigenic effects reflect the activities of the POMC/CART or NPY/AgRP neurons within the hypothalamus. Neurotransmitters have roles in food intake, and responsive brain nuclei have different functions related to food intake, glucose monitoring, reward processing. Peripheral gut-or adipose-derived hormones are the major source of peripheral humoral regulation systems. Nutrients or metabolites and gut microbiota affect metabolism via a discrete pathway. We also review the role of peripheral organs, the liver,adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle in peripheral regulation. We discuss these topics and how the body regulates metabolism.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No 70973065)
文摘With the rapid urbanization of Chinese cities,access to jobs and amenities is becoming increasingly valued in household＇s choice of residential locations.In this paper,we estimate the implicit value of access to jobs and amenities in Beijing using the hedonic pricing model.The spatial distributions of jobs and amenities in the Beijing Metropolitan Area are quite centralized,supporting the traditional monocentric model in the urban economics literature.Accessibility indices are developed to measure the accessibilities to jobs and amenities of 129 Jiedaos（residential zones）.We then employ the hedonic pricing equations to estimate the capitalization effects of these accessibility indices in the prices of new residential properties.The empirical results show that the accessibility indices are important determinants of residential property prices in Beijing,which means that urban residents have a willingness to pay for access to high quality amenities.
文摘Hunger, mostly initiated by a deficiency in energy, induces food seeking and intake. However, the drive toward food is not only regulated by physiological needs, but is motivated by the pleasure derived from ingestion of food, in particular palatable foods. Therefore, feeding is viewed as an adaptive motivated behavior that involves integrated communication between homeostatic feeding circuits and reward circuits. The initiation and termination of a feeding episode are instructed by a variety of neuronal signals, and maladaptive plasticity in almost any component of the network may lead to the development of pathological eating disorders. In this review we will summarize the latest understanding of how the feeding circuits and reward circuits in the brain interact. We will emphasize communication between the hypothalamus and the mesolimbic dopamine system and highlight complexities, discrepancies, open questions and future directions for the field.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81071029the Joint Funds of the Natural Science Foundation Committee with Henan Province Government for Fostering Talents, No. U1204809
文摘Studies have shown that there are strong interactions between gustatory and visceral sensations the central nervous system when rats ingest sweet foods or solutions. To investigate the role of th subdiaphragmatic vagi in transmitting general visceral information during the process of drinking sweet-tasting solutions, we examined the effects of subdiaphragmatic vagotomy on the intake of 0.5 mol/L sucrose, 0.005 mol/L saccharin or distilled water over the course of 1 hour in rats depriv~ of water. Results showed no significant difference in consumption of these three solutions in vagotomized rats. However, rats in the sham-surgery group drank more saccharin solution than sucrose solution or distilled water. Moreover, the intake of distilled water was similar between vagotomized rats and sham-surgery group rats, but significantly less sucrose and saccharin were consumed by vagotomized rats compared with rats in the sham-surgery group. These findings indicate that subdiaphragmatic vagotomy reduces intake of sweet-tasting solution in rats, and suggest that vagal and extravagal inputs play a balanced role in the control of the intake of sweet-tasting solutions. They also suggest that subdiaphragmatic vagotomy eliminates the difference in hedonic perception induced by sweet-tasting solutions compared with distilled water II E
文摘聚类集成旨在将多个基聚类进行组合,以获得性能更佳、鲁棒性更强的共识结果。本文提出了一种基于随机游走的聚类集成方法CERW(Clustering Ensemble based on Random Walk)。该方法以hedonic games(享乐博弈)生成的簇为图节点,簇之间的社会福利值为边权重构造簇级相似图。为了探索相似图中节点之间的结构信息,定义一个转移概率矩阵,并在此基础上进行随机游走,通过分析不同节点的随机游走轨迹来发现博弈簇之间的潜在关系。在多个数据集上的实验结果证明了所提方法的有效性。
基金Project supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China (No. 05CJY017), the Philosophy and Social Science Founda-tion of Zhejiang Province, China (No. N04GL06), and ShuguangProject (2004) of Zhejiang University, China
文摘The hedonic price model is widely applied to study the urban housing market because of the heterogeneity of housing products. Literature indicated that the hedonic price theory mainly includes two parts: Lancaster’s partiality theory and Rosen’s characteristic market equilibrium analysis. This paper chose 18 characteristics as independent variables and set up a linear hedonic price model for Hangzhou City. The model was tested with 2473 housing samples and field survey data of 290 housing commu-nities. This research found that 14 out of 18 characteristics had significant influence on housing price. They were classified into 5 groups according to their impact degree.
文摘The relationship between salmon prices and attributes were explored using the samples collected in supermarkets in Shanghai,China.The results showed that the price of the salmon did not have a significant relationship with the depth of orange color of salmon,unlike the results of stated preferences of western consumers in the previous studies.Whereas,smoked products had a positive relationship with price in the linear model form,and as the main importing country,Norway has the strongest positive relationship with price.In China salmon demand is expected to increase in future,salmon attributes highly appreciated in the market are different from western countries and salmon exporters need to recognize China as a special market for effective market.
文摘The objective of this study was to investigate how rapid descriptive consumer analysis using simultaneous presentation of samples compared with monadic presentation of samples, using both affective and descriptive sensory evaluation methods. Simultaneous presentation of coffee samples for sensory acceptance testing, using ranking analysis, was conducted using na?ve assessors. In a separate session, assessors evaluated the same coffee samples, using monadic presentation and employing the same scales. Similarly, descriptive consumer analysis, using simultaneous and monadic sample presentation, was conducted using descriptive attributes chosen by the panel. For RDA (Ranking descriptive analysis), coffee samples were presented simultaneously (randomised) to assessors and subsequently ranked. The process was then repeated using the same assessors;however, samples were presented in monadic and randomised presentation order. Data accumulated from the study were analysed by Analysis of Variance (APLSR-ANOVA Partial Least Squares Regression). Results obtained indicate that simultaneous presentation of samples was more effective than monadic presentation, as a larger amount of attributes with significant (P < 0.05) intensity differences were observed using RDA. Thus, simultaneous presentation of samples also allows ranking in SAT evaluation and proved a useful tool in establishing the hedonic attributes of products. We propose to call this method Ranking Acceptance Analysis (RAA).
基金Supported by National Social Science Foundation(12CGL092)
文摘The transfer of the rural collective construction land is increasingly accelerating,and the factors affecting transfer price are manifold. In this paper,the research area is Yichang,and we establish hedonic price model to explore and analyze the factors which affect the collective construction land transfer price. The simulation results show that in geographical factors,the higher degree of prosperity,road accessibility and soundness of infrastructure will result in higher collective construction land transfer price; in economic factors,the higher farmers' per capita net income and added value of the village's tertiary industry will lead to higher collective construction land transfer price; in ownership factors,the integrity of usufruct,disposition and possession has increasingly significant impact on collective construction land transfer price. In the process of establishing rural collective construction land circulation market,the government should gradually improve conditions of collective construction land; strengthen the construction of the rural economy,improve the economic attribute of the collective construction land; establish and improve China's rural collective construction land-related laws and regulations,make the rural collective construction land use rights clear,and give the whole rights of occupation,use,earning and disposition.
