We analyzed cloud microphysical processes' latent heat characteristics and their influence on an autumn heavy rain event over Hainan Island,China,using the mesoscale numerical model WRF and WRF-3DVAR system.We fou...We analyzed cloud microphysical processes' latent heat characteristics and their influence on an autumn heavy rain event over Hainan Island,China,using the mesoscale numerical model WRF and WRF-3DVAR system.We found that positive latent heat occurred far above the zero layer,while negative latent heat occurred mainly under the zero layer.There was substantially more positive latent heat than negative latent heat,and the condensation heating had the most important contribution to the latent heat increase.The processes of deposition,congelation,melting and evaporation were all characterized by weakening after their intensification;however,the variations in condensation and sublimation processes were relatively small.The main cloud microphysical processes for positive latent heat were condensation of water vapor into cloud water,the condensation of rain,and the deposition increase of cloud ice,snow and graupel.The main cloud microphysical processes for negative latent heat were the evaporation of rain,the melting and enhanced melting of graupel.The latent heat releases due to different cloud microphysical processes have a significant impact on the intensity of precipitation.Without the condensation and evaporation of rain,the total latent heating would decrease and the moisture variables and precipitation would reduce significantly.Without deposition and sublimation,the heating in high levels would decrease and the precipitation would reduce.Without congelation and melting,the latent heating would enhance in the low levels,and the precipitation would reduce.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(41275060)National Natural Science Foundation of China(41275145)+1 种基金National Key Basic Research Program of China(2014CB953903)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(131gjc03)
文摘We analyzed cloud microphysical processes' latent heat characteristics and their influence on an autumn heavy rain event over Hainan Island,China,using the mesoscale numerical model WRF and WRF-3DVAR system.We found that positive latent heat occurred far above the zero layer,while negative latent heat occurred mainly under the zero layer.There was substantially more positive latent heat than negative latent heat,and the condensation heating had the most important contribution to the latent heat increase.The processes of deposition,congelation,melting and evaporation were all characterized by weakening after their intensification;however,the variations in condensation and sublimation processes were relatively small.The main cloud microphysical processes for positive latent heat were condensation of water vapor into cloud water,the condensation of rain,and the deposition increase of cloud ice,snow and graupel.The main cloud microphysical processes for negative latent heat were the evaporation of rain,the melting and enhanced melting of graupel.The latent heat releases due to different cloud microphysical processes have a significant impact on the intensity of precipitation.Without the condensation and evaporation of rain,the total latent heating would decrease and the moisture variables and precipitation would reduce significantly.Without deposition and sublimation,the heating in high levels would decrease and the precipitation would reduce.Without congelation and melting,the latent heating would enhance in the low levels,and the precipitation would reduce.
