An experimental study on R22 film condensation on single horizontal tubes(one smooth tube and two doubly enhanced ones) was conducted at the saturation temperatures of 32℃, 35℃ and 38℃ respectively. A modified Wi l...An experimental study on R22 film condensation on single horizontal tubes(one smooth tube and two doubly enhanced ones) was conducted at the saturation temperatures of 32℃, 35℃ and 38℃ respectively. A modified Wi lson plot was used to obtain the water-side and vapor-side heat transfer coeff icients. The results indicated that the experimental condensation heat transfer coefficients agreed with the Nusselt theory with ±10%. The water side heat tr ansfer coefficients of tube No.1 and tube No.2 were 2.78 and 2.99 times of t hat of smooth tube, respectively. At the same heat flux the condensation heat t ransfer coefficients of tube No.1 and tube No.2 were 8.2—18.0 times and 8. 1—12.4 times of the smooth tube, respectively. Thermal resistance analysis sh owed that the relative percentage of vapor-side thermal resistance increased wi th water velocity. When the thermal resistance values of the two sides were equ al, the water velocity of tube No.1 was 1.25 m·s-1(Re=2.41×104) and that of No.2 was 0.82 m·s-1(Re=1.54×104).For all cases, th e wall thermal resistance was less than 4 percentage. The reasons accounting fo r the superiority of tube No.1 were analyzed.展开更多
Inspired by the property diagrams in thermodynamics,which distinctly reflect the performance and characteristics of thermodynamic cycles,we establish a state equation for heat motion and introduce a two-dimension prop...Inspired by the property diagrams in thermodynamics,which distinctly reflect the performance and characteristics of thermodynamic cycles,we establish a state equation for heat motion and introduce a two-dimension property diagram,T-q diagram,in heat transfer to analyze and optimize the performance of heat exchangers,where heat flow is a state parameter for heat motion.According to the property diagram,it is convenient to obtain the influences of heat exchanger area,heat capacity rate and flow arrangement on the heat transfer performance during the analysis of heat exchangers and their networks.For instance,when analyzing the heat exchanger network in a district heating system,it is obvious to find that:if both the heat demand and the indoor air temperature in each branch of the network are the same,the total area of heat exchangers,the flow rate of water and the return water temperature in each branch are all the same;if the indoor air temperatures in different branches are different,the temperatures of the waters after flowing through different branches are different,which means that the mixing process of return waters with the same temperature is not an essential requirement to realize the best performance of district heating systems.展开更多
文摘An experimental study on R22 film condensation on single horizontal tubes(one smooth tube and two doubly enhanced ones) was conducted at the saturation temperatures of 32℃, 35℃ and 38℃ respectively. A modified Wi lson plot was used to obtain the water-side and vapor-side heat transfer coeff icients. The results indicated that the experimental condensation heat transfer coefficients agreed with the Nusselt theory with ±10%. The water side heat tr ansfer coefficients of tube No.1 and tube No.2 were 2.78 and 2.99 times of t hat of smooth tube, respectively. At the same heat flux the condensation heat t ransfer coefficients of tube No.1 and tube No.2 were 8.2—18.0 times and 8. 1—12.4 times of the smooth tube, respectively. Thermal resistance analysis sh owed that the relative percentage of vapor-side thermal resistance increased wi th water velocity. When the thermal resistance values of the two sides were equ al, the water velocity of tube No.1 was 1.25 m·s-1(Re=2.41×104) and that of No.2 was 0.82 m·s-1(Re=1.54×104).For all cases, th e wall thermal resistance was less than 4 percentage. The reasons accounting fo r the superiority of tube No.1 were analyzed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51006060 and 51036003)the Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of China
文摘Inspired by the property diagrams in thermodynamics,which distinctly reflect the performance and characteristics of thermodynamic cycles,we establish a state equation for heat motion and introduce a two-dimension property diagram,T-q diagram,in heat transfer to analyze and optimize the performance of heat exchangers,where heat flow is a state parameter for heat motion.According to the property diagram,it is convenient to obtain the influences of heat exchanger area,heat capacity rate and flow arrangement on the heat transfer performance during the analysis of heat exchangers and their networks.For instance,when analyzing the heat exchanger network in a district heating system,it is obvious to find that:if both the heat demand and the indoor air temperature in each branch of the network are the same,the total area of heat exchangers,the flow rate of water and the return water temperature in each branch are all the same;if the indoor air temperatures in different branches are different,the temperatures of the waters after flowing through different branches are different,which means that the mixing process of return waters with the same temperature is not an essential requirement to realize the best performance of district heating systems.
