Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for plant height in wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） were studied using a set of 168 doubled haploid （DH） lines, which were derived from the cross Huapei 3/Yumai 57. A genetic linkage ...Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for plant height in wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） were studied using a set of 168 doubled haploid （DH） lines, which were derived from the cross Huapei 3/Yumai 57. A genetic linkage map was constructed using 283 SSR and 22 EST-SSR markers. The DH population and the parents were evaluated for wheat plant height in 2005 and 2006 in Tai＇an and 2006 in Suzhou. QTL analyses were performed using the software of QTLNetwork version 2.0 based on the mixed linear model. Four additive QTLs and five pairs of epistatic effects were detected, which were distributed on chromosomes 3A, 4B, 4D, 5A, 6A, 7B, and 7D. Among them, three additive QTLs and three pairs of epistatic QTLs showed QTL×environment interactions （QEs）. Two major QTLs, Qph4B and Qph4D, which accounted for 14.51% and 20.22% of the phenotypic variation, were located similar to the reported locations of the dwarfing genes Rhtl and Rht2, respectively. The Qph3A-2 with additive effect was not reported in previous linkage mapping studies. The total QTL effects detected for the plant height explained 85.04% of the phenotypic variation, with additive effects 46.07%, epistatic effects 19.89%, and QEs 19.09%. The results showed that both additive effects and epistatic effects were important genetic bases of wheat plant height, which were subjected to environmental modifications, and caused dramatic changes in phenotypic effects. The information obtained in this study will be useful for manipulating the QTLs for wheat plant height by molecular marker-assisted selection （MAS）.展开更多
在水温为（16．0±0．5）℃、pH为8．0～8．3、盐度为30．2的条件下，对牙鲆Paralichthys olivaceus单倍体、三倍体和雌核发育二倍体胚胎发育的过程与普通二倍体牙鲆的发育进行了比较。结果表明：单倍体胚胎脊柱弯曲，器官分化不全...在水温为（16．0±0．5）℃、pH为8．0～8．3、盐度为30．2的条件下，对牙鲆Paralichthys olivaceus单倍体、三倍体和雌核发育二倍体胚胎发育的过程与普通二倍体牙鲆的发育进行了比较。结果表明：单倍体胚胎脊柱弯曲，器官分化不全，受精率低，畸形率高，出膜率低；三倍体和雌核发育二倍体胚胎与普通二倍体牙鲆的发育时序基本相同，受精卵经过卵裂、囊胚、原肠胚、神经胚、卵黄栓胚、克氏囊胚、尾芽胚、心跳胚、出膜期等阶段孵化出膜，各阶段除发育时间不同外，发育特征与发育分期没有明显差别；普通二倍体胚胎约61h孵化出膜，而三倍体和雌核发育二倍体分别经66 h 30 min和67 h 50 min孵化出膜，孵化时间比普通二倍体牙鲆长约10％。其中，卵裂期三倍体和雌核发育二倍体在细胞分裂阶段发育特别缓慢，发育时间比普通二倍体长约25％。单倍体出膜率为（16．5±2．2）％，畸形率为（97．2±1．6）％；雌核发育二倍体出膜率为（85．6±3．0）％，畸形率为（13．2±2．3）％；三倍体出膜率为（82．3±3．1）％，畸形率为（16．3±2．5）％。与普通二倍体牙鲆相比，三倍体和雌核发育二倍体胚胎出膜率低，仔鱼畸形率高。展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30471082)the Hi-Tech Research and Development(863)Program of China(No.2006AA100101 and 2006AA10Z1E9).
文摘Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for plant height in wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） were studied using a set of 168 doubled haploid （DH） lines, which were derived from the cross Huapei 3/Yumai 57. A genetic linkage map was constructed using 283 SSR and 22 EST-SSR markers. The DH population and the parents were evaluated for wheat plant height in 2005 and 2006 in Tai＇an and 2006 in Suzhou. QTL analyses were performed using the software of QTLNetwork version 2.0 based on the mixed linear model. Four additive QTLs and five pairs of epistatic effects were detected, which were distributed on chromosomes 3A, 4B, 4D, 5A, 6A, 7B, and 7D. Among them, three additive QTLs and three pairs of epistatic QTLs showed QTL×environment interactions （QEs）. Two major QTLs, Qph4B and Qph4D, which accounted for 14.51% and 20.22% of the phenotypic variation, were located similar to the reported locations of the dwarfing genes Rhtl and Rht2, respectively. The Qph3A-2 with additive effect was not reported in previous linkage mapping studies. The total QTL effects detected for the plant height explained 85.04% of the phenotypic variation, with additive effects 46.07%, epistatic effects 19.89%, and QEs 19.09%. The results showed that both additive effects and epistatic effects were important genetic bases of wheat plant height, which were subjected to environmental modifications, and caused dramatic changes in phenotypic effects. The information obtained in this study will be useful for manipulating the QTLs for wheat plant height by molecular marker-assisted selection （MAS）.
文摘在水温为（16．0±0．5）℃、pH为8．0～8．3、盐度为30．2的条件下，对牙鲆Paralichthys olivaceus单倍体、三倍体和雌核发育二倍体胚胎发育的过程与普通二倍体牙鲆的发育进行了比较。结果表明：单倍体胚胎脊柱弯曲，器官分化不全，受精率低，畸形率高，出膜率低；三倍体和雌核发育二倍体胚胎与普通二倍体牙鲆的发育时序基本相同，受精卵经过卵裂、囊胚、原肠胚、神经胚、卵黄栓胚、克氏囊胚、尾芽胚、心跳胚、出膜期等阶段孵化出膜，各阶段除发育时间不同外，发育特征与发育分期没有明显差别；普通二倍体胚胎约61h孵化出膜，而三倍体和雌核发育二倍体分别经66 h 30 min和67 h 50 min孵化出膜，孵化时间比普通二倍体牙鲆长约10％。其中，卵裂期三倍体和雌核发育二倍体在细胞分裂阶段发育特别缓慢，发育时间比普通二倍体长约25％。单倍体出膜率为（16．5±2．2）％，畸形率为（97．2±1．6）％；雌核发育二倍体出膜率为（85．6±3．0）％，畸形率为（13．2±2．3）％；三倍体出膜率为（82．3±3．1）％，畸形率为（16．3±2．5）％。与普通二倍体牙鲆相比，三倍体和雌核发育二倍体胚胎出膜率低，仔鱼畸形率高。
