In the Anthropocene era,human activities have become increasingly complex and diversified.The natural ecosystems need higher ecological resilience to ensure regional sustainable development due to rapid urbanization a...In the Anthropocene era,human activities have become increasingly complex and diversified.The natural ecosystems need higher ecological resilience to ensure regional sustainable development due to rapid urbanization and industrialization as well as other intensified human activities,especially in arid and semi-arid areas.In the study,we chose the economic belt on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains(EBNSTM)in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China as a case study.By collecting geographic data and statistical data from 2010 and 2020,we constructed an ecological resilience assessment model based on the ecosystem habitat quality(EHQ),ecosystem landscape stability(ELS),and ecosystem service value(ESV).Further,we analyzed the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of ecological resilience in the EBNSTM from 2010 to 2020 by spatial autocorrelation analysis,and explored its responses to climate change and human activities using the geographically weighted regression(GWR)model.The results showed that the ecological resilience of the EBNSTM was at a low level and increased from 0.2732 to 0.2773 during 2010–2020.The spatial autocorrelation analysis of ecological resilience exhibited a spatial heterogeneity characteristic of"high in the western region and low in the eastern region",and the spatial clustering trend was enhanced during the study period.Desert,Gobi and rapidly urbanized areas showed low level of ecological resilience,and oasis and mountain areas exhibited high level of ecological resilience.Climate factors had an important impact on ecological resilience.Specifically,average annual temperature and annual precipitation were the key climate factors that improved ecological resilience,while average annual evapotranspiration was the main factor that blocked ecological resilience.Among the human activity factors,the distance from the main road showed a negative correlation with ecological resilience.Both night light index and PM2.5 concentration were negatively correlated with ecological resili展开更多
Introduction:Bats are threatened by agricultural intensification,and although bat ecology in agricultural landscapes is in the focus of current research,the effects of interacting spatiotemporal factors on species-spe...Introduction:Bats are threatened by agricultural intensification,and although bat ecology in agricultural landscapes is in the focus of current research,the effects of interacting spatiotemporal factors on species-specific bat activity above farmland remain understudied.Our aim was to identify spatiotemporal factors and their interactions relevant for the activity of bat species above conventionally managed arable fields.Methods:We repeatedly monitored relative bat activity above open arable fields in Germany using acoustic monitoring.We used site-related biotic and abiotic factors and landscape characteristics across five spatial scales,their combinations,and interactions to identify those factors which best explain variation in bat activity.Results:Numerous interactions between landscape characteristics and the insect abundance affected bat activity above fields.For instance,Pipistrellus pipistrellus became more active with increasing insect abundance,but only above fields with a low proportion of woody vegetation cover in the surroundings.Additionally,the level of bat activity in summer depended on landscape characteristics.For example,the activity of Pipistrellus nathusii was relatively low in summer above fields that were surrounded by vegetation patches with a high degree of edge complexity(e.g.,hedgerow).However,the activity remained at a relatively high level and did not differ between seasons above fields that were surrounded by vegetation patches with a low degree of edge complexity(e.g.,roundly shaped forest patch).Conclusions:Our results revealed that landscape characteristics and their interactions with insect abundance affected bat activity above conventionally managed fields and highlighted the opportunistic foraging behavior of bats.To improve the conditions for bats in agricultural landscapes,we recommend re-establishing landscape heterogeneity to protect aquatic habitats and to increase arthropod availability.展开更多
In South Korea vilage woods are composed of an isolated tree or a number of trees, located near rural vilages and which have an apparent fengshui shape. Vilage woods also function as wildlife habitat and promote agric...In South Korea vilage woods are composed of an isolated tree or a number of trees, located near rural vilages and which have an apparent fengshui shape. Vilage woods also function as wildlife habitat and promote agricultural biodiversity. Here vilage woods were classiifed in to four types （natural forest, semi-natural forest, half-natural forest and artiifcial forest） and 23 main tree species（dominant or sub-dominant species） identiifed.Pinus densilfora is dominant at 50 sites, and Zelkova serrata is dominant at 45 sites. Across village woods, emerged plants comprise 125 families, 519 genus and 1081 species. In spite of the extremely small area of village wood, 100 000 km2 or 0.00278% Korea’s territory, this ecosystem has an important biodiversity and habitat conservation function. Vilage woods are not only a base for conserving biodiversity, but also deliver ecosystem services in South Korea.展开更多
This paper proposes a web-enabled computational environment for the spatial modelling of habitat suitability of mosquito vectors.Under a component-based architecture and implemented using an object-oriented data model...This paper proposes a web-enabled computational environment for the spatial modelling of habitat suitability of mosquito vectors.Under a component-based architecture and implemented using an object-oriented data model,we integrate database interfaces,Web feature services(WFS)based on the open GIS consortium(OGC)protocols,and the data-mining tool WEKA,coupled through Java servlet scripts(JSP).The prototype,based exclusively on freely available libraries and software components,provides basic dynamic spatial simulation capabilities using logistic regression to end-users engaged in local and regional health administration and planning but who lack access to specific software and/or detailed knowledge of spatial modelling techniques.The component-based approach facilitates system maintenance and future expansion of functionality,and guarantees the reusability of developed modules in new spatial modelling applications of health and environmental-related phenomena.Functionality of the WWW-application was validated in a study of habitat suitability mapping of the Malaria vector Anopheles darlingi,in an area surrounding the Manso River hydropower plant,Central Brazil.展开更多
基金supported by the Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition Program (2021xjkk0905).
文摘In the Anthropocene era,human activities have become increasingly complex and diversified.The natural ecosystems need higher ecological resilience to ensure regional sustainable development due to rapid urbanization and industrialization as well as other intensified human activities,especially in arid and semi-arid areas.In the study,we chose the economic belt on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains(EBNSTM)in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China as a case study.By collecting geographic data and statistical data from 2010 and 2020,we constructed an ecological resilience assessment model based on the ecosystem habitat quality(EHQ),ecosystem landscape stability(ELS),and ecosystem service value(ESV).Further,we analyzed the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of ecological resilience in the EBNSTM from 2010 to 2020 by spatial autocorrelation analysis,and explored its responses to climate change and human activities using the geographically weighted regression(GWR)model.The results showed that the ecological resilience of the EBNSTM was at a low level and increased from 0.2732 to 0.2773 during 2010–2020.The spatial autocorrelation analysis of ecological resilience exhibited a spatial heterogeneity characteristic of"high in the western region and low in the eastern region",and the spatial clustering trend was enhanced during the study period.Desert,Gobi and rapidly urbanized areas showed low level of ecological resilience,and oasis and mountain areas exhibited high level of ecological resilience.Climate factors had an important impact on ecological resilience.Specifically,average annual temperature and annual precipitation were the key climate factors that improved ecological resilience,while average annual evapotranspiration was the main factor that blocked ecological resilience.Among the human activity factors,the distance from the main road showed a negative correlation with ecological resilience.Both night light index and PM2.5 concentration were negatively correlated with ecological resili
文摘Introduction:Bats are threatened by agricultural intensification,and although bat ecology in agricultural landscapes is in the focus of current research,the effects of interacting spatiotemporal factors on species-specific bat activity above farmland remain understudied.Our aim was to identify spatiotemporal factors and their interactions relevant for the activity of bat species above conventionally managed arable fields.Methods:We repeatedly monitored relative bat activity above open arable fields in Germany using acoustic monitoring.We used site-related biotic and abiotic factors and landscape characteristics across five spatial scales,their combinations,and interactions to identify those factors which best explain variation in bat activity.Results:Numerous interactions between landscape characteristics and the insect abundance affected bat activity above fields.For instance,Pipistrellus pipistrellus became more active with increasing insect abundance,but only above fields with a low proportion of woody vegetation cover in the surroundings.Additionally,the level of bat activity in summer depended on landscape characteristics.For example,the activity of Pipistrellus nathusii was relatively low in summer above fields that were surrounded by vegetation patches with a high degree of edge complexity(e.g.,hedgerow).However,the activity remained at a relatively high level and did not differ between seasons above fields that were surrounded by vegetation patches with a low degree of edge complexity(e.g.,roundly shaped forest patch).Conclusions:Our results revealed that landscape characteristics and their interactions with insect abundance affected bat activity above conventionally managed fields and highlighted the opportunistic foraging behavior of bats.To improve the conditions for bats in agricultural landscapes,we recommend re-establishing landscape heterogeneity to protect aquatic habitats and to increase arthropod availability.
文摘In South Korea vilage woods are composed of an isolated tree or a number of trees, located near rural vilages and which have an apparent fengshui shape. Vilage woods also function as wildlife habitat and promote agricultural biodiversity. Here vilage woods were classiifed in to four types （natural forest, semi-natural forest, half-natural forest and artiifcial forest） and 23 main tree species（dominant or sub-dominant species） identiifed.Pinus densilfora is dominant at 50 sites, and Zelkova serrata is dominant at 45 sites. Across village woods, emerged plants comprise 125 families, 519 genus and 1081 species. In spite of the extremely small area of village wood, 100 000 km2 or 0.00278% Korea’s territory, this ecosystem has an important biodiversity and habitat conservation function. Vilage woods are not only a base for conserving biodiversity, but also deliver ecosystem services in South Korea.
文摘This paper proposes a web-enabled computational environment for the spatial modelling of habitat suitability of mosquito vectors.Under a component-based architecture and implemented using an object-oriented data model,we integrate database interfaces,Web feature services(WFS)based on the open GIS consortium(OGC)protocols,and the data-mining tool WEKA,coupled through Java servlet scripts(JSP).The prototype,based exclusively on freely available libraries and software components,provides basic dynamic spatial simulation capabilities using logistic regression to end-users engaged in local and regional health administration and planning but who lack access to specific software and/or detailed knowledge of spatial modelling techniques.The component-based approach facilitates system maintenance and future expansion of functionality,and guarantees the reusability of developed modules in new spatial modelling applications of health and environmental-related phenomena.Functionality of the WWW-application was validated in a study of habitat suitability mapping of the Malaria vector Anopheles darlingi,in an area surrounding the Manso River hydropower plant,Central Brazil.
