The strain characteristic and load transmission of mixed granular matter are different from those of homogeneous granular matter.Cyclic loading renders the mechanical behaviours of mixed granular mat-ter more complex....The strain characteristic and load transmission of mixed granular matter are different from those of homogeneous granular matter.Cyclic loading renders the mechanical behaviours of mixed granular mat-ter more complex.To investigate the dynamic responses of gravel-sand mixtures,the discrete element method(DEM)was used to simulate the cyclic loading of gravel-sand mixtures with low fines contents.Macroscopically,the evolution of the axial strain and volumetric strain was investigated.Mesoscopi-cally,the coordination number and contact force anisotropy were studied,and the evolution of strong and weak contacts was explored from two dimensions of loading time and local space.The simulation results show that increasing fines content can accelerate the development of the axial strain and vol-umetric strain but has little effect on the evolution of contact forces.Strong contacts tend to develop along the loading boundary,presenting the spatial difference.Weak contacts are firstly controlled by confining pressure and then controlled by axial stress,while strong contacts are mainly controlled by axial stress throughout the whole cyclic loading.Once compression failure occurs,the release of axial stress causes the reduction of strong contact proportion in all local regions.These findings are helpful to understand the dynamic responses of gravel-sand mixtures,especially in deformation behaviours and the Spatio-temporal evolution of contact forces.展开更多
Saltation is the major particle movement type in wind erosion process.Saltating sand grains can rebound up to tens of times larger in length and height over hard surface(such as gravel surface)than over loose sand sur...Saltation is the major particle movement type in wind erosion process.Saltating sand grains can rebound up to tens of times larger in length and height over hard surface(such as gravel surface)than over loose sand surface.Gravels usually have different faces,causing distinct response of the impacting grains,but the effects of the grain and gravel-surface contact angle on grain rebound are not yet well quantified.We performed full-range controlled experiments of grain saltation using different contact angles,grain sizes and impact speeds in still air,to show that contact angle increases the height of representative saltation path but decreases particle travel length.The results were compared with outputs from the COMprehensive numerical model of SALTation(COMSALT).Large saltation height of 4.8 m and length of 9.0 m were recorded.The maximum and representative saltation height over the gravel surface were found to be about 4.9 times and 12.8 times those over the loose sandy surface,respectively.The maximum saltation length may be reduced by 58%and the representative saltation height may be increased by 77%as contact angle increases from 20°to 40°.We further showed that the collision inertia contributes 60%of the saltation length,and wind contributes to the other 40%.These quantitative findings have important implications for modeling saltation trajectory over gravel surface.展开更多
【目的】明确影响砂砾土堆积角形成的关键因素,分析Johnson-Kendall-Roberts(JKR)表面能、碰撞恢复系数、静摩擦、滚动摩擦系数等因素对砂砾土堆积角的影响,实现对砂砾土堆积角的精确预测。【方法】使用Box-Behnken中心组合设计试验方案...【目的】明确影响砂砾土堆积角形成的关键因素,分析Johnson-Kendall-Roberts(JKR)表面能、碰撞恢复系数、静摩擦、滚动摩擦系数等因素对砂砾土堆积角的影响,实现对砂砾土堆积角的精确预测。【方法】使用Box-Behnken中心组合设计试验方案,采用Generic EDEM material model database(GEMM)数据库获取仿真试验关键参数;基于Hertz-Mindlin with JKR接触模型对砂砾土进行堆积角仿真试验;利用MATLAB函数曲线读取堆积形态轮廓线的边界颗粒坐标,拟合堆积斜面轮廓线。【结果】实际最优因素参数组合为砂砾土颗粒间JKR表面能、滚动摩擦系数、静摩擦系数和恢复系数,分别为0.05 J/m2、0.1、0.39、0.45;EDEM仿真试验所得砂砾土堆积角为35.41°,与堆积角测量值(35.11°)误差为0.854%,且颗粒堆积形态无明显差异。【结论】砂砾土颗粒的JKR表面能和滚动摩擦系数是影响堆积角的重要因素。展开更多
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University(No.2021zzts0247).
文摘The strain characteristic and load transmission of mixed granular matter are different from those of homogeneous granular matter.Cyclic loading renders the mechanical behaviours of mixed granular mat-ter more complex.To investigate the dynamic responses of gravel-sand mixtures,the discrete element method(DEM)was used to simulate the cyclic loading of gravel-sand mixtures with low fines contents.Macroscopically,the evolution of the axial strain and volumetric strain was investigated.Mesoscopi-cally,the coordination number and contact force anisotropy were studied,and the evolution of strong and weak contacts was explored from two dimensions of loading time and local space.The simulation results show that increasing fines content can accelerate the development of the axial strain and vol-umetric strain but has little effect on the evolution of contact forces.Strong contacts tend to develop along the loading boundary,presenting the spatial difference.Weak contacts are firstly controlled by confining pressure and then controlled by axial stress,while strong contacts are mainly controlled by axial stress throughout the whole cyclic loading.Once compression failure occurs,the release of axial stress causes the reduction of strong contact proportion in all local regions.These findings are helpful to understand the dynamic responses of gravel-sand mixtures,especially in deformation behaviours and the Spatio-temporal evolution of contact forces.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XD23060201)the Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou)(GML2019ZD0601)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42071014)the Excellent Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Y202085)。
文摘Saltation is the major particle movement type in wind erosion process.Saltating sand grains can rebound up to tens of times larger in length and height over hard surface(such as gravel surface)than over loose sand surface.Gravels usually have different faces,causing distinct response of the impacting grains,but the effects of the grain and gravel-surface contact angle on grain rebound are not yet well quantified.We performed full-range controlled experiments of grain saltation using different contact angles,grain sizes and impact speeds in still air,to show that contact angle increases the height of representative saltation path but decreases particle travel length.The results were compared with outputs from the COMprehensive numerical model of SALTation(COMSALT).Large saltation height of 4.8 m and length of 9.0 m were recorded.The maximum and representative saltation height over the gravel surface were found to be about 4.9 times and 12.8 times those over the loose sandy surface,respectively.The maximum saltation length may be reduced by 58%and the representative saltation height may be increased by 77%as contact angle increases from 20°to 40°.We further showed that the collision inertia contributes 60%of the saltation length,and wind contributes to the other 40%.These quantitative findings have important implications for modeling saltation trajectory over gravel surface.
文摘【目的】明确影响砂砾土堆积角形成的关键因素,分析Johnson-Kendall-Roberts(JKR)表面能、碰撞恢复系数、静摩擦、滚动摩擦系数等因素对砂砾土堆积角的影响,实现对砂砾土堆积角的精确预测。【方法】使用Box-Behnken中心组合设计试验方案,采用Generic EDEM material model database(GEMM)数据库获取仿真试验关键参数;基于Hertz-Mindlin with JKR接触模型对砂砾土进行堆积角仿真试验;利用MATLAB函数曲线读取堆积形态轮廓线的边界颗粒坐标,拟合堆积斜面轮廓线。【结果】实际最优因素参数组合为砂砾土颗粒间JKR表面能、滚动摩擦系数、静摩擦系数和恢复系数,分别为0.05 J/m2、0.1、0.39、0.45;EDEM仿真试验所得砂砾土堆积角为35.41°,与堆积角测量值(35.11°)误差为0.854%,且颗粒堆积形态无明显差异。【结论】砂砾土颗粒的JKR表面能和滚动摩擦系数是影响堆积角的重要因素。
