利用RT-PCR技术,克隆了甜菜谷胱甘肽合成酶基因(BvGS;LOC104891052),其CDS全长为1 662 bp,编码553个氨基酸。以Beta vulgaris Actin 1为内参基因,半定量RT-PCR的研究结果表明:与0 mM CdCl_2的对照处理相比,在0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0 mM CdC...利用RT-PCR技术,克隆了甜菜谷胱甘肽合成酶基因(BvGS;LOC104891052),其CDS全长为1 662 bp,编码553个氨基酸。以Beta vulgaris Actin 1为内参基因,半定量RT-PCR的研究结果表明:与0 mM CdCl_2的对照处理相比,在0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0 mM CdCl_2的逆境胁迫下,甜菜BvGS基因的表达量随着处理浓度的增加而逐渐增大。这说明BvGS基因在其转录表达水平上受到了镉胁迫的诱导,并与镉逆境存在着一定的应答关系。展开更多
Glutathione(GSH),a tripeptide that is present in all mammalian tissues,is especially highly concentrated in the liver.GSH synthesis occurs via two adenosine triphosphate(ATP)-requiring enzymatic steps:the first is rat...Glutathione(GSH),a tripeptide that is present in all mammalian tissues,is especially highly concentrated in the liver.GSH synthesis occurs via two adenosine triphosphate(ATP)-requiring enzymatic steps:the first is rate-limiting,catalyzed by glutamate-cysteine ligase,generates g-glutamylcysteine from gluta-mate and cysteine;the second is catalyzed by GSH synthetase,generates GSH from g-glutamylcysteine and glycine.GSH defends against oxidative stress,participates in detoxification of xenobiotics,de-termines the redox status of the cell,and regulates vital processes such as growth and apoptosis.Hepatic GSH plays a central role in the interorgan GSH homeostasis because sinusoidal efflux of hepatic GSH determines plasma GSH level.In liver diseases GSH homeostasis is perturbed by multiple mechanisms.Hepatic GSH biosynthesis is impaired in cholestatic liver injury,endotoxemia,and fibrotic injury largely because the expression of the GSH synthetic enzymes falls.Lower hepatic GSH level further exacerbates and perpetuates ongoing liver injury.However,in hepatocellular carcinoma GSH synthetic enzymes are upregulated and this may play a role in chemoresistance.This review focuses on the current under-standing of hepatic GSH synthesis in health and disease.展开更多
文摘利用RT-PCR技术,克隆了甜菜谷胱甘肽合成酶基因(BvGS;LOC104891052),其CDS全长为1 662 bp,编码553个氨基酸。以Beta vulgaris Actin 1为内参基因,半定量RT-PCR的研究结果表明:与0 mM CdCl_2的对照处理相比,在0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0 mM CdCl_2的逆境胁迫下,甜菜BvGS基因的表达量随着处理浓度的增加而逐渐增大。这说明BvGS基因在其转录表达水平上受到了镉胁迫的诱导,并与镉逆境存在着一定的应答关系。
文摘Glutathione(GSH),a tripeptide that is present in all mammalian tissues,is especially highly concentrated in the liver.GSH synthesis occurs via two adenosine triphosphate(ATP)-requiring enzymatic steps:the first is rate-limiting,catalyzed by glutamate-cysteine ligase,generates g-glutamylcysteine from gluta-mate and cysteine;the second is catalyzed by GSH synthetase,generates GSH from g-glutamylcysteine and glycine.GSH defends against oxidative stress,participates in detoxification of xenobiotics,de-termines the redox status of the cell,and regulates vital processes such as growth and apoptosis.Hepatic GSH plays a central role in the interorgan GSH homeostasis because sinusoidal efflux of hepatic GSH determines plasma GSH level.In liver diseases GSH homeostasis is perturbed by multiple mechanisms.Hepatic GSH biosynthesis is impaired in cholestatic liver injury,endotoxemia,and fibrotic injury largely because the expression of the GSH synthetic enzymes falls.Lower hepatic GSH level further exacerbates and perpetuates ongoing liver injury.However,in hepatocellular carcinoma GSH synthetic enzymes are upregulated and this may play a role in chemoresistance.This review focuses on the current under-standing of hepatic GSH synthesis in health and disease.
