Structure of fibre has been reported to enhance performance,intestinal function and modify the composition and quantity of the microbial population in the chicken gastrointestinal tract.It is hypothesised that insolub...Structure of fibre has been reported to enhance performance,intestinal function and modify the composition and quantity of the microbial population in the chicken gastrointestinal tract.It is hypothesised that insoluble fibre in oat hulls may improve gut health and reduce intestinal Clostridium perfringens number.This research assessed the effect of free choice oat hulls(OH) on performance and gut microbiota in broilers during a mild(subclinical) necrotic enteritis(NE) challenge.A total of 240 dayold male Ross 308 broiler chickens were assigned to 24 cages in a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.Factors were challenge - or +; and OH - or +.On d 16,challenged broilers had lower weight gain and feed intake(P < 0.05) compared with unchallenged broilers.Ond 16,broilers given OH had lower feed intake(P < 0.05) and tended to have lower(P=0.062) feed conversion ratio(FCR) compared with those without access to OH.Broiler performance,however,was not affected by OH nor by challenge on d 24 and 35.The broilers given OH had heavier gizzards(P < 0.05) compared with those without OH at d 35 but not at d 13 or 16.Increased numbers of C.perfringens(P < 0.001) and reduced numbers(P < 0.05)of Lactobacillus and Salmonellae were observed in the caecal contents of challenged broilers on d 16.Challenged broilers had a lower concentration of caecal acetic acid(P < 0.01) compared with unchallenged broilers at d 16.The broilers given OH had lower concentrations of caecal acetic acid(P < 0.05),propionic acid(P < 0.05),and valeric acid(P < 0.01) compared with those without access to OH.An OH by challenge interaction on succinic acid concentration was observed on d 16(P < 0.05).Oat hulls elevated the caecal succinic acid concentration only in the unchallenged broilers.This study indicated a positive role of OH through improved gizzard function and increased succinic acid in the gut but its role in controlling NE was not conclusive.展开更多
65 chickens (layer, broiler and cockerel) from different farms within Awka metropolis and its environs were purchased, processed and analyzed for the levels of heavy metals (Pb, As, Cd, Ni, Cr, Hg, V and Cu) in the in...65 chickens (layer, broiler and cockerel) from different farms within Awka metropolis and its environs were purchased, processed and analyzed for the levels of heavy metals (Pb, As, Cd, Ni, Cr, Hg, V and Cu) in the internal organs (muscle, gizzard, liver and kidney) of the chickens using flame atomic absorption spectrometer after nitric/perchloric acid digestion. The ranges of mean concentrations of the metals in the internal organs of the chickens in mg/g were Pb;(0.046 - 0.478) As;(0.053 - 0.318), Cd;(0.027 - 0.649), Cr;(0.045 - 0.234), Hg;(0.052 - 0.740), Ni;(0.038 - 0.534), V;(0.037 - 0.053), and Cu;(0.146 - 0.445). About 10% - 40% of Pb, Cd and Hg exceeded the permissible level of 0.5 ppm set for these metals in the liver and kidney of the chickens. Anova analysis revealed significance of the heavy metals in the internal organs of the chickens at p < 0.05.展开更多
目的:建立电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定鸡内金中24种元素的方法。方法:取样品,加入硝酸8 m L和30%过氧化氢2 m L,经预消解,置微波消解仪中经升温消解、冷却、赶酸至液体剩余约1 m L,将试样溶液...目的:建立电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定鸡内金中24种元素的方法。方法:取样品,加入硝酸8 m L和30%过氧化氢2 m L,经预消解,置微波消解仪中经升温消解、冷却、赶酸至液体剩余约1 m L,将试样溶液转移至50 m L塑料量瓶中,用水稀释至刻度,选择合适的分析谱线和观测方式,以ICP-OES(射频功率1.15 k W,载气流量12 L·min^(-1),雾化器压力0.23 MPa,冲洗泵速50 r·min^(-1),分析泵速50 r·min^(-1);积分时间:短波长15 s,长波长5 s;样品冲洗时间30 s)测定了鸡内金中Na(钠)、Mg(镁)、P(磷)、S(硫)、K(钾)和Ca(钙);通过选择合适的同位素,以Sc(钪)、Ge(锗)、In(铟)、Bi(铋)为内标溶液消除基体干扰,ICP-MS用KED模式(碰撞反应池技术)测定了Li(锂)、Al(铝)、V(钒)、Cr(铬)、Mn(,锰)、Fe(铁)、Co(钴)、Ni(镍)、Cu(铜)、Zn(锌)、As(砷)、Rb(铷)、Sr(锶)、Mo(钼)、Cd(镉)、Ba(钡)、Hg(汞)和Pb(铅)。结果:各元素的线性良好,相关系数R2>0.999,ICP-OES和ICP-MS检出限分别在0.74~10.26μg·L^(-1)和0.002~0.098μg·L^(-1)之间,方法精密度(RSD)在1.8%~8.4%范围内。利用本方法测定了鸡肉国家标准物质(GBW10018),测定值与标准值基本相符。样品测定结果表明:鸡内金中含量较高的元素有Na、Mg、P、S、K、Ca、Al、Mn、Fe、Cu和Zn等。结论:本方法适用于鸡内金等动物类中药中多元素的同时测定。展开更多
基金The Higher Committee for Education Development in Iraq (HCED) provided the principal author a scholarship
文摘Structure of fibre has been reported to enhance performance,intestinal function and modify the composition and quantity of the microbial population in the chicken gastrointestinal tract.It is hypothesised that insoluble fibre in oat hulls may improve gut health and reduce intestinal Clostridium perfringens number.This research assessed the effect of free choice oat hulls(OH) on performance and gut microbiota in broilers during a mild(subclinical) necrotic enteritis(NE) challenge.A total of 240 dayold male Ross 308 broiler chickens were assigned to 24 cages in a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.Factors were challenge - or +; and OH - or +.On d 16,challenged broilers had lower weight gain and feed intake(P < 0.05) compared with unchallenged broilers.Ond 16,broilers given OH had lower feed intake(P < 0.05) and tended to have lower(P=0.062) feed conversion ratio(FCR) compared with those without access to OH.Broiler performance,however,was not affected by OH nor by challenge on d 24 and 35.The broilers given OH had heavier gizzards(P < 0.05) compared with those without OH at d 35 but not at d 13 or 16.Increased numbers of C.perfringens(P < 0.001) and reduced numbers(P < 0.05)of Lactobacillus and Salmonellae were observed in the caecal contents of challenged broilers on d 16.Challenged broilers had a lower concentration of caecal acetic acid(P < 0.01) compared with unchallenged broilers at d 16.The broilers given OH had lower concentrations of caecal acetic acid(P < 0.05),propionic acid(P < 0.05),and valeric acid(P < 0.01) compared with those without access to OH.An OH by challenge interaction on succinic acid concentration was observed on d 16(P < 0.05).Oat hulls elevated the caecal succinic acid concentration only in the unchallenged broilers.This study indicated a positive role of OH through improved gizzard function and increased succinic acid in the gut but its role in controlling NE was not conclusive.
文摘65 chickens (layer, broiler and cockerel) from different farms within Awka metropolis and its environs were purchased, processed and analyzed for the levels of heavy metals (Pb, As, Cd, Ni, Cr, Hg, V and Cu) in the internal organs (muscle, gizzard, liver and kidney) of the chickens using flame atomic absorption spectrometer after nitric/perchloric acid digestion. The ranges of mean concentrations of the metals in the internal organs of the chickens in mg/g were Pb;(0.046 - 0.478) As;(0.053 - 0.318), Cd;(0.027 - 0.649), Cr;(0.045 - 0.234), Hg;(0.052 - 0.740), Ni;(0.038 - 0.534), V;(0.037 - 0.053), and Cu;(0.146 - 0.445). About 10% - 40% of Pb, Cd and Hg exceeded the permissible level of 0.5 ppm set for these metals in the liver and kidney of the chickens. Anova analysis revealed significance of the heavy metals in the internal organs of the chickens at p < 0.05.
文摘目的:建立电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定鸡内金中24种元素的方法。方法:取样品,加入硝酸8 m L和30%过氧化氢2 m L,经预消解,置微波消解仪中经升温消解、冷却、赶酸至液体剩余约1 m L,将试样溶液转移至50 m L塑料量瓶中,用水稀释至刻度,选择合适的分析谱线和观测方式,以ICP-OES(射频功率1.15 k W,载气流量12 L·min^(-1),雾化器压力0.23 MPa,冲洗泵速50 r·min^(-1),分析泵速50 r·min^(-1);积分时间:短波长15 s,长波长5 s;样品冲洗时间30 s)测定了鸡内金中Na(钠)、Mg(镁)、P(磷)、S(硫)、K(钾)和Ca(钙);通过选择合适的同位素,以Sc(钪)、Ge(锗)、In(铟)、Bi(铋)为内标溶液消除基体干扰,ICP-MS用KED模式(碰撞反应池技术)测定了Li(锂)、Al(铝)、V(钒)、Cr(铬)、Mn(,锰)、Fe(铁)、Co(钴)、Ni(镍)、Cu(铜)、Zn(锌)、As(砷)、Rb(铷)、Sr(锶)、Mo(钼)、Cd(镉)、Ba(钡)、Hg(汞)和Pb(铅)。结果:各元素的线性良好,相关系数R2>0.999,ICP-OES和ICP-MS检出限分别在0.74~10.26μg·L^(-1)和0.002~0.098μg·L^(-1)之间,方法精密度(RSD)在1.8%~8.4%范围内。利用本方法测定了鸡肉国家标准物质(GBW10018),测定值与标准值基本相符。样品测定结果表明:鸡内金中含量较高的元素有Na、Mg、P、S、K、Ca、Al、Mn、Fe、Cu和Zn等。结论:本方法适用于鸡内金等动物类中药中多元素的同时测定。
